scholarly journals Capitalism Penetration and Ecological Degradation in South Kalimantan: A Historical Sociology Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 317 ◽  
pp. 04007
Author(s):  
Yety Rochwulaningsih ◽  
Noor Naelil Masruroh ◽  
Fanada Sholihah ◽  
Sutejo K. Widodo ◽  
Susilo Budiyanto
Keyword(s):  
National Development ◽  
Historical Sociology ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Tropical Rainforests ◽  
New Order ◽  
History Of Capitalism ◽  
Ecological Degradation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Forest Concessions ◽  
The Relationship

This article analyses the relationship between capitalism penetration and growing ecological degradation in South Kalimantan. Capitalism is manifested through excessive logging and the conversion of tropical rainforests into oil palm plantations, a practice that has been rampant since the New Order era. During the President Soeharto in office, natural resources were exploited extensively under the pretext of national development by granting forest concessions to private and state-owned companies. Continuing land clearing and concession burdens of up to 50 percent are the causes of the ecological disaster that occurred in South Kalimantan. The heavy flood phenomenon that happened in January 2021 reflects a long history of capitalism penetration on estate business rooted since the 1980s, when Forest Concession Rights holders began to intensively deforest. This fact is authoritatively opposed by some businessmen who claim that the issue of deforestation is deliberately raised as a trade policy strategy for developed countries. By using a sociological historical approach, it traces the roots of capitalism penetration and looks at to what extent of its influence to the ecological balance in South Kalimantan. Ironically, local communities also take part to strengthen the capitalism chain.

The History of Emotions and Nationalism Studies: a Сognitive Turn in Contemporary Historiography

Istoriya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8 (106)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Olga Vorobieva
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Historical Sociology ◽  
National Character ◽  
History Of Emotions ◽  
Cognitive Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Individual Consciousness ◽  
The Common ◽  
Constructivist Approaches ◽  
The Relationship

The article considers the cognitive potential of the history of emotions in the study of nationalism in historiographical discussions of 1990—2000s. The authors analyze the works, which criticize constructivist approaches and problematize the relationship between nationalism, “national character”, “emotional mode” and everyday behavioral practices. Based on P. Bourdieu's concept of ‘habitus’ and its modification in N. Elias's historical sociology, the article highlights the common ground and productive interaction between histories of emotion and nationalism studies. This reciprocal movement is interpreted as a symptom of the search for a common conceptual platform and vocabulary for the mutual translation of their research practices. The authors believe that a productive trend within this dialogue could be a more active address to cognitive studies advocating a rethinking of the relationship between individual consciousness and collective regimes of knowledge-power of sentimental, modern and “post-modern” eras.

scholarly journals Padangan Muhammad Said Al-Asymawi tentang Relasi Agama dan Politik

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-129
Author(s):  
Abdillah Halim
Keyword(s):  
National Development ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Religion And Politics ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Political Movements ◽  
Islam And Politics ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Adequate Understanding ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

Nation building requires a cultural basis and platform as a basis for solidarity. In countries where the majority of the population is Muslim, religious aspirations and political movements must emerge. Certain strategies and handling are needed so that these Islamic aspirations are not counterproductive to national development. Muhammad Said Al-Asymawi's view on the relationship between religion and politics contributes a lot of understanding and clarification and becomes an important exemplar of the dynamics of thought so that fiqh siyasa rediscovers its relevance in the contemporary world. For Muhammad Said Al-Asymawi, Muslims need a fear of secularization in the sense of placing religion and politics in their respective places so that religion can manifest in life without being manipulated and reduced by politics. To arrive at this need requires a complete and adequate understanding of what he calls authentic Islam. His mastery of Islamic treasures and the history of Islamic development, makes his views on the relationship between Islam and politics difficult to refute and dispels the stigma of some people that he is a liberal thinker. Muhammad Said Al-Asymawi offers a scientific and authentic perspective on siyasa fiqh and makes siyasa fiqh actual and relevant again in the current situation and conditions.

scholarly journals The relationship between mothers’ and their daughters’ family size emerged in the United States during the 19th century

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Pink ◽  
Tobias Ebert ◽  
Jana Berkessel ◽  
Thorsteinn Jónsson
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Social ◽  
Intergenerational Continuity ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Considerable Doubt

For more than a century, a key question of the social sciences has been whether daughters’ family sizes relate to their mothers’ family sizes. Contemporary evidence confirms that, in developed countries, women from larger families indeed tend to have more children themselves. There is considerable doubt, however, whether intergenerational continuity in childbearing constitutes a universal feature of human societies. Based on a large-scale web-harvested collection of online memorials, we show that intergenerational continuity in childbearing in the U.S. emerged only in the first half of the 19th century, paralleling the country’s marked fertility decline. Furthermore, we show that statewide differences in intergenerational continuity in childbearing coincide with statewide differences in abortion laws. This suggests that control over individual fertility was a major driver of the emergence of intergenerational continuity in childbearing. This finding suggests that, although intergenerational continuity in childbearing has appeared only relatively recently in the history of humankind, it will eventually become relevant worldwide.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KEBIASAAN MAKAN PAGI DENGAN KEJADIAN ANEMIA PADA MURID SD NEGERI 3 MANADO

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erina Utami Tandirerung ◽  
Nelly Mayulu ◽  
Shirley E.S. Kawengian
Keyword(s):  
National Development ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Anemia ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: Anemia is a global public health problem in developing and developed countries with its major consequences for human health and the economic and national development. Anemia can occur at all stages of the life cycle, but it is more prevalent in pregnant women and children.  Anemia in children due to lack of nutritional diet has bad impacts on their health, growth, and immune systems. The main causes of nutritional anemia are the insufficient iron ingestion, low iron absorption, and diet which mainly consists of rice and less diverse menu. Breakfast habits fall into one of the thirteen basic messages of balanced nutrition.  The benefit of having breakfast for school children is that it can improve their concentration to study and to understand their lessons, resulting in improvement of their  learning achievement. Besides that, breakfast plays some important roles in fulfilling the balanced nutrition in children. The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship between breakfast habits and anemia incidence among students of SD Negeri 3 Manado. This was an analytical cross-sectional study. The results showed that of 83 students, 58 students (69.9%) had habits of having breakfast and 74 students (89.2%) were not anemic. Analytical results obtained P-value = 0.019 (≤ 0.050). Conclusion: there was a significant relation between breakfast habits and anemia incidence among the students of SD Negeri 3 Manado. Key words: breakfast habits, children, anemia     Abstrak: Anemia merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat global di negara berkembang maupun negara maju dengan konsekuensi yang besar bagi kesehatan manusia serta pembangunan nasional dan ekonomi. Anemia dapat ditemukan pada setiap tahap siklus hidup, namun lebih menonjol pada wanita hamil dan anak-anak. Anemia pada anak-anak akibat  kurang gizi dapat berdampak buruk pada kesehatan, pertumbuhan, dan sistem imun. Penyebab utama anemia gizi ialah konsumsi zat besi yang tidak cukup, absorbsi zat besi yang rendah, dan pola makan yang sebagian besar terdiri dari nasi dan menu yang kurang beraneka ragam. Kebiasaan makan pagi termasuk dalam salah satu dari 13 pesan dasar gizi seimbang. Bagi anak sekolah, makan pagi dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar dan memudahkan menyerap pelajaran yang akan meningkatkan prestasi belajar. Makan pagi juga sangat berperan terhadap pemenuhan gizi seimbang pada anak. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kebiasaan makan pagi dengan kejadian anemia pada murid SD Negeri 3 Manado. Penelitian ini merupakan suatu penelitian cross-sectional yang bersifat analitik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 83 murid, 58 murid (69,9%) memiliki kebiasaan makan pagi dan 74 murid (89,2%) yang tidak anemia. Hasil analisis diperoleh nilai P = 0,019 (≤ 0,050). Simpulan: terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kebiasaan makan pagi dengan kejadian anemia pada murid SD Negeri 3 Manado. Kata kunci: kebiasaan makan pagi, anemia, anak-anak

The Cambridge History of Capitalism

Capitalisms ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 128-151
Author(s):  
David Washbrook
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
History Of Capitalism ◽  
Modern Economic Growth ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
History Of ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The concept of capitalism has always been subject to multiple meanings. The definition adopted in The Cambridge History of Capitalism is particularly broad. It makes ‘capitalism’ difficult to distinguish from sustained economic growth and/or progress towards modern economic growth. It also obscures the relationship of labour to capital and promotes the national economy as the natural arena in which discrete histories of capitalism should be written. However, in the case of India, there are other angles to consider. If labour were given a central role in the definition of ‘capitalism’, a very different set of issues becomes apparent. Moreover, if capitalism were understood, from the first, as a transnational set of forces, India’s supposed marginality in its genesis becomes illusory. India played a key strategic role in the evolution of the global capitalist system enmeshed in the British Empire. This essay explores these other sides of capitalism’s history in India.

Privatization, Crisis, and the Transformation of Cassa Depositi e Prestiti

2021 ◽  
pp. 144-171
Author(s):  
Fabio Bulfone ◽  
Donato Di Carlo
Keyword(s):  
Public Debt ◽  
Sovereign Debt ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Debt Crisis ◽  
National Development ◽  
Italian Economy ◽  
Financial Strength ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter explores the transformation of Cassa Depositi e Prestiti (CDP) from a small Directorate-General within the Treasury to a full-fledged National Development Bank charged with channeling credit toward small firms and Mid-Caps, financing infrastructural projects, providing patient liquidity to the Treasury and equity investment to strategic firms. After a brief historical excursus, the chapter focuses in particular on two watershed moments in the history of CDP: the privatization in 2003 and the sovereign debt crisis. Both junctures paved the way to a substantial expansion and diversification of CDP’s activities in support of the Italian economy. Italy provides an ideal vantage point to explore the relationship between NDBs and their sovereigns due to the unique mismatch between the financial strength of CDP, funded by postal savings, and the financial needs of the cash-stripped Italian sovereign, burdened by an enormous public debt.

Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Growing Epidemic?

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 642-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam C. Yopp ◽  
Michael A. Choti
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Alcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Within developed countries the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been progressively increasing despite diagnosing fewer new cases of cirrhosis linked to viral hepatitis and alcohol consumption. This increased incidence parallels the epidemic of morbid obesity and metabolic syndrome and may be secondary to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-related HCC. The aims of this chapter are to (1) define the natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/NASH, (2) discuss the relationship between cryptogenic cirrhosis and NASH-related cirrhosis, (3) compare the presentation and treatment of NASH-related HCC to viral hepatitis-related cirrhosis and (4) identify the genetic factors associated with NASH and NASH-related HCC.

Globalising the History of Capital: Ways Forward

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jairus Banaji
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
History Of Capitalism ◽  
Modern Capitalism ◽  
Merchant Capital ◽  
History Of ◽  
Atlantic Slavery ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractAnievas and Nişancıoğlu’s attempt to shift the terms of the debate about early modern capitalism by a major widening of its perspectives is a welcome move. Accepting this, the paper suggests that their argument can be more forcefully made if the theoretical residues of earlier traditions of Marxist historical explanation are purged from the way they expound that argument. The most ambivalent of these relates to their continued use of the idea of a ‘coexistence of modes of production’. This permeates the confused way they present Atlantic slavery. A second, comparable source of confusion concerns their description of the relationship between merchant capital and the absolutist state. The alliance between the modern state and mercantile capital is radically misrecognised thanks to an uncritical espousal of Anderson’s view of absolutism. The paper suggests that Anievas and Nişancıoğlu might have written a stronger book had they reconceptualised the economic history of capitalism by allowing for a whole epoch dominated by powerful groups of merchant capitalists. In conclusion, I argue (pace Marx) that the commercial capital of the later middle ages/early modern period was the first form in which production began to be subordinated to capital.

A Factory Afield: Capitalism and Empire in John Locke's Political Economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Lucas G. Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
John Locke ◽  
Capitalist Development ◽  
History Of Capitalism ◽  
Labor Discipline ◽  
History Of ◽  
Colonial Economy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Industrial Economic

Since the 1950s, interpreters of John Locke have debated whether his ideas about political economy figured among the intellectual sources of capitalist development. While some have labeled Locke a mercantile or agrarian “capitalist thinker,” others have insisted that, although a mercantilist, he was in no sense a theorist of capitalism. By reconstructing the relationship between Locke's ideas and the capitalist society of his day, this article challenges the prevailing terms through which commentators have traditionally interpreted his political economy and its place in the history of capitalism. I interpret Locke's perspectives on capital accumulation, foreign trade, and labor discipline throughout the 1690s as a reflection of the historical rise of export-oriented cycles of commodity manufacturing in the English countryside known as “proto-industrialization.” Moreover, I claim that, because proto-industrialization was tied to the expansion of England's colonial economy, this neglected context of Locke's economic doctrine sheds new light on his vision of empire. Looking to his writings on Ireland, I argue that Locke pursued proto-industrial economic reform by combining a hierarchical, stadial theory of progress with an imperial policy aimed at “improving” the colonies through decreed patterns of production and exchange that favored metropolitan trade.

scholarly journals Political Aspects of Shari’a Banking Law in Indonesia

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-124
Author(s):  
Djawahir Hejazziey
Keyword(s):  
Political Islam ◽  
New Order ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

This article discusses the history of the establishment of Islamic banking in Indonesia. The author examines the derivers of their establishment and argues that, aside other aspects, political aspects give contribution to the establishment of the Islamic banking. He describes a number of evidences of how politics play an important role in the success of their establishment; one of those proofs is the economic and political Islam interdependence which can be read in the idea of ​​Indonesian Muslims on establishing Islamic banks, which is influenced by political content. At the beginning, the relationship between Muslims and the New Order was covered with suspicions and prejudices. The rulers of the New Order in the 1970's were still suspicious of the idea on the establishment of an Islamic state or the realization of the Jakarta Charter. Until recent days, the idea is still debated.    

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