scholarly journals Influence evaluation of the ship propulsion system on the energy efficiency for small, medium and large container vessels

2021 ◽  
Vol 327 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
Viktor Nikiforov ◽  
Irina Kostova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Propulsion System ◽  
Fuel Type ◽  
Proper Selection ◽  
Ship Propulsion ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Large Container ◽  
Marine Vessels ◽  
Selection Of

The transportation of goods worldwide has a vital meaning for the entire of humanity. The seaborne transport is considered to be the most efficient – economically and environmentally friendly way to convey large amount of goods when compared to the other transport options available. Marine vessels contribute for the carriage of about 90 percent of the worldwide trade and a significant part of the goods delivered by sea are performed by container vessels. Even considered as the most efficient way of transportation the negative aspects of the shipping should not be neglected. The fuels intended for the ship propulsion generating enormous amounts of Greenhouse gases (GHG) and harmful emissions which are directly released into the atmosphere. When it comes to Energy Efficiency of the ships, the proper selection of the propulsion system and the fuel type used are essential with regard to achieve the best values. In the current paper a diverse alternative propulsion system options in order to achieve maximum Energy Efficiency on various sizes of container vessels will be analyzed.

scholarly journals An assessment on the efficient use of hybrid propulsion system in marine vessels

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-74
Author(s):  
Murat Bayraktar ◽  
Güldem A. Cerit
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Propulsion System ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Maritime Industry ◽  
Hybrid Propulsion ◽  
Marine Vessels

Many improvements are performed in the maritime industry to ensure sustainability and energy efficiency. The use of hybrid propulsion systems (HPS) in marine vessels constitutes one of the developments in this field. In this study,both economic and environmental benefits are targeted. The study aims to reduce the high fuel consumption of the engine per unit power at low loads and minimization of emissions by sourcing them from main engine by HPS. Overcoming the limitations of Annex VI (Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships) of International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) are desired and the research hopes for a beneficial result on Energy Efficiency Measures such as Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator (EEOI). A comprehensive study is accomplished on the hybrid propulsion system components and the keywords used in the literature review are revealed. Furthermore, the articles that have “efficiency”, “vessel”, “propulsion” and “marine” topics published in Web of Science (WOS) between 1975-2020 are examined and 44 studies are obtained. The studies that have been reached are analyzed and interests of them are collect under the 18 heading and the focal point of each study is highlighted in article. According to the results, the hybrid system provides low fuel consumption, minimizes emissions and  costs, complies with the regulations of the International Maritime Organization, uses renewable energy sources, encourages the use of electric motors in addition to internal combustion engines, increases the efficiency of energy storage systems among other things. This article will be a significant resource for academicians, experts and companies on the Hybrid propulsion system in setting their focus.   Keywords: Hybrid propulsion, Energy saving, Global warming.

scholarly journals Impact study of the fuel type used on the energy efficiency costs values and harmful emissions generation for small, medium and large container vessels

2021 ◽  
Vol 327 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Viktor Nikiforov ◽  
Irina Kostova
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Fuel Type ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Large Container ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
The Impact

Annually a large amount of goods has been transported over the world and the most of the transportation is carried by seaborne. Although the seaborne trade is considered to be the most efficient – economically and environmentally friendly way of transportation an enormous amount of fossil fuels is used to fulfil the operation of the merchant fleet. Although we are living in times where efforts are directed to improvement of the state of the environment and reduction of the negative impact of the Greenhouse Gases, the fossil fuels still remain the main energy source used to run the internal combustion engines widely used in the ships nowadays. A well-known fact is that the fuel burning leads to significant harmful emissions generation causing a serious negative effect on the surrounding us environment. The introduced by IMO and MEPC requirements regarding the Greenhouse Gases (GHG) imposes for development and application of new criteria when selecting the ship’s propulsion plant. In the current article will be observed three ship groups consisting of real container vessels. The purpose is to analyse the impact caused by the fuel type used in the ship’s engines on the GHG generation and the economic indicators related with fuel costs

scholarly journals A method for selection of parameters of ship propulsion system fitted with compromise screw propeller

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Michalski
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Mathematical Optimization ◽  
Stage Structure ◽  
Propulsion System ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Inland Waterways ◽  
Ship Propulsion ◽  
Screw Propeller ◽  
Selection Of

A method for selection of parameters of ship propulsion system fitted with compromise screw propeller This paper concerns an algorithmic method for preliminary selection of parameters of ship propulsion system fitted with fixed screw propeller in the case when the ship's operation is associated with significant changes of waterway depth and width, hull resistance of the ship and its service speed. Mathematical model arguments of the considered design problem are main ship design parameters identified in the preliminary design stage. Structure of the formulated model complies with formal requirements for continuous- discrete mathematical optimization problems. The presented examples of application of the method concern an inland waterways ship fitted with compromise screw propeller optimized in the sense of minimization of fuel consumption for passing a given route distance within a given time. The elaborated method may be especially useful in designing such ships as: coasters, inland waterways ships, tugs, pushers, trawlers, mine sweepers, icebreakers etc.

MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF PROPELLER SERIES

2014 ◽  
Vol 156 (B2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bukarica
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Propulsion System ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Reliability Of Results ◽  
Mathematical Functions ◽  
Ship Propulsion ◽  
Mathematical Expressions ◽  
Selection Of

Propeller series are used in the process of designing the ship propulsion system, propeller and engine. The emergence of computers has made it possible to create a program, an expert system, which greatly accelerates and improves this process. In order to create such a program, it is necessary to provide a mathematical model of the test results, i.e. describe them by some mathematical expressions. In addition to this mathematical model, such a program must also have a mathematical model of the ship resistance. Precision and reliability of results produced by the expert system for the selection of the ship propulsion system depends on precision of the mathematical models it uses. Usual modeling procedures use standard mathematical functions and statistical methods. The aim of this paper is to present a "natural method" of mathematical modeling using spline functions, to compare them with each other, and to point out their advantages and deficiencies.

Meriel Talbot and the Society for the Overseas Settlement of British Women, 1919–1937

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-52
Author(s):  
Bonnie White
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Service ◽  
Agricultural Workers ◽  
British Government ◽  
Early Failure ◽  
Proper Selection ◽  
Domestic Servants ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Female Migrants ◽  
Post War ◽  
Selection Of

In 1917 the British government began making plans for post-war adjustments to the economy, which included the migration of surplus women to the dominions. The Society for the Overseas Settlement of British Women was established in 1920 to facilitate the migration of female workers to the dominions. Earlier studies have argued that overseas emigration efforts purposefully directed women into domestic service as surplus commodities, thus alleviating the female ‘surplus’ and easing economic hardships of the post-war period. This article argues that as Publicity Officer for the SOSBW, Meriel Talbot targeted women she believed would be ideal candidates for emigration, including former members of the Women's Land Army and affiliated groups. With the proper selection of female migrants, Talbot sought to expand work opportunities for women in the dominions beyond domestic service, while reducing the female surplus at home and servicing the connection between state and empire. Dominion authorities, whose demands for migrant labour vacillated between agricultural workers during the war years and domestic servants after 1920, disapproved of Talbot's efforts to migrate women for work in agriculture. Divergent policies led to the early failure of the SOSBW in 1923.

scholarly journals Design Concepts for NiTiNOL Wires to Function as a Sensor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Josephine Selvarani Ruth
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Proper Selection ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Mechanical Element ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Inverse Hysteresis

AbstractNickel Titanium Naval Ordinance Laboratory (NiTiNOL) is widely called as a shape memory alloy (SMA), a class of nonlinear smart material inherited with the functionally programmed property of varying electrical resistance during the transformation enabling to be positioned as a sensing element. The major challenge to instrument the SMA wires is to suppress the wires’ nonlinearity by proper selection of two important factors. The first factor is influenced by the mechanical biasing element and the other is to identify the sensing current for the sensing device (SMA wires + biasing). This paper focuses on developing SMA wires for sensing in different orientation types and configurations by removing the non-linearity in the system’s output by introducing inverse hysteresis to the wires through the passive mechanical element.

scholarly journals The Recent Progress of Natural Sources and Manufacturing Process of Biodiesel: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5599
Author(s):  
Eko Supriyanto ◽  
Jayan Sentanuhady ◽  
Ariyana Dwiputra ◽  
Ari Permana ◽  
Muhammad Akhsin Muflikhun
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

Biodiesel has caught the attention of many researchers because it has great potential to be a sustainable fossil fuel substitute. Biodiesel has a non-toxic and renewable nature and has been proven to emit less environmentally harmful emissions such as hydrocarbons (HC), and carbon monoxide (CO) as smoke particles during combustion. Problems related to global warming caused by greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions could also be solved by utilizing biodiesel as a daily energy source. However, the expensive cost of biodiesel production, mainly because of the cost of natural feedstock, hinders the potential of biodiesel commercialization. The selection of natural sources of biodiesel should be made with observations from economic, agricultural, and technical perspectives to obtain one feasible biodiesel with superior characteristics. This review paper presents a detailed overview of various natural sources, their physicochemical properties, the performance, emission, and combustion characteristics of biodiesel when used in a diesel engine. The recent progress in studies about natural feedstocks and manufacturing methods used in biodiesel production were evaluated in detail. Finally, the findings of the present work reveal that transesterification is currently the most superior and commonly used biodiesel production method compared to other methods available.

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