scholarly journals Astrophysical neutrino production and impact of associated uncertainties in photo-hadronic interactions of UHECRs

2019 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 04002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Biehl ◽  
Denise Boncioli ◽  
Anatoli Fedynitch ◽  
Leonel Morejon ◽  
Walter Winter
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Hadronic Interactions ◽  
Section Data ◽  
High Energy Cosmic Rays ◽  
Radiation Fields ◽  
Neutrino Production ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Astrophysical Neutrino

High energy neutrinos can be produced by interactions of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) in the dense radiation fields of their sources as well as off the cosmic backgrounds when they propagate through the universe. Multi-messenger interpretations of current measurements deeply rely on the understanding of these interactions. In order to efficiently produce neutrinos in the sources of UHECRs, at least a moderate level of interactions is needed, which means that a nuclear cascade develops if nuclei are involved. On the other hand, the available cross-section data and interaction models turn out to make poor predictions for most nuclei heavier than protons. We show the impact of these uncertainties in state-of-the-art photo-disintegration models and motivate nuclear cross-section measurements. Further, we discuss extensions for photo-meson models currently used in astrophysics and demonstrate the importance of understanding the details of UHECR interaction with the Glashow resonance.

scholarly journals Study of contributions of diffractive processes to forward neutral particle production with the ATLAS-LHCf detector

2019 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 05008
Author(s):  
Qi-Dong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Particle Production ◽  
Neutral Particle ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Hadronic Interactions ◽  
High Energy Cosmic Rays ◽  
Interaction Types ◽  
The Impact

LHCf is an experiment dedicated to verify the hadronic interaction models by measuring the forward neutral particle production at the LHC. Corresponding data are very important for understanding hadronic interactions occurring in air-shower development. According to the current LHCf results, no simulation model predicts the LHCf data perfectly. In order to provide more specific data, it is necessary to classify the LHCf observables into specific interaction types: diffraction or non-diffraction. Combining the information of ATLAS, LHCf is able to classify these specific interaction types experimentally. Especially, the ATLAS-LHCf joint experiment will have the unique sensitivity to low mass diffraction. LHCf and ATLAS have succeeded in the common data-taking in p-p collisions at √s = 13 TeV. We will report the first ATLAS-LHCf joint analysis result and discuss the impact of the corresponding joint analysis result to the determination of mass composition of ultra-high energy cosmic-rays.

scholarly journals Estimating the impact of the QCD dynamics on the determination of the high energy astrophysical neutrino flux

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor P. Gonçalves ◽  
Diego R. Gratieri ◽  
Alex S. C. Quadros
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Neutrino Flux ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ultra High Energy ◽  
High Energies ◽  
Ultra High Energy Neutrinos ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Astrophysical Neutrino

AbstractThe number of ultra-high energy neutrinos arriving at IceCube depends on the energy dependence of the astrophysical neutrino flux and neutrino cross-section. In this paper, we investigate the impact of different assumptions for the description of the QCD dynamics at high energies on the determination of the normalization $$\Phi _{Astro}$$ Φ Astro and spectral index $$\gamma $$ γ of the astrophysical neutrino flux. The distribution of neutrino events at the IceCube is estimated considering the DGLAP, BFKL, CGC and BBMT approaches and the best estimates for $$\Phi _{Astro}$$ Φ Astro and $$\gamma $$ γ are determined using a maximum likelihood fit comparing the predictions with the distribution of observed events at IceCube. Moreover, we also investigate if the increase in the effective exposure time expected in IceCube-Gen2 will to allow us to disentangle the QCD dynamical effects from the description of the astrophysical neutrino flux.

scholarly journals High energy cosmic ray interactions and UHECR composition problem

2019 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Sergey Ostapchenko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ultra High Energy ◽  
Hadronic Interactions ◽  
High Energy Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Ray Interactions ◽  
Composition Problem

The differences between contemporary Monte Carlo generators of high energy hadronic interactions are discussed and their impact on the interpretation of experimental data on ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) is studied. Key directions for further model improvements are outlined. The prospect for a coherent interpretation of the data in terms of the UHECR composition is investigated.

scholarly journals TACHYON DYNAMICS OF THE BLACK DISC LIMIT IN THE HARD SMALL x PROCESSES IN QCD

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (07) ◽  
pp. 549-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. BLOK ◽  
L. FRANKFURT
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Impact Parameter ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Black Disk ◽  
Black Disc ◽  
Energy Behavior ◽  
Small X ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Black Disc Limit

We investigate the effective field theory (EFT) which gives the approximate description of the scattering of two hard small dipoles in the small x processes in QCD near the black disc limit (BDL). We argue that the perturbative QCD approaches predict the existence of tachyon and visualize it in the approximation where α′P=0. We demonstrate that the high energy behavior of the cross-section depends strongly on the diffusion law in the impact parameter plane. On the other hand, almost threshold behavior of the cross section of the hard processes and multiplicities, i.e. fast increase of cross sections (color inflation), melting of ladders into color network and softening of the longitudinal distributions of hadrons are qualitatively insensitive to the value of diffusion in the impact parameter space. We evaluate α′P near the black disk limit and find significant α′P as the consequence of the probability conservation.

ULTRA HIGH ENERGY COSMIC RAYS WITH THE PIERRE AUGER OBSERVATORY

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 221-229
Author(s):  
◽  
J. R. T. DE MELLO NETO
Keyword(s):  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Pierre Auger Observatory ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Ultra High Energy ◽  
High Energy Cosmic Rays ◽  
The Status ◽  
Shower Maximum

We present the status and the recent measurements from the Pierre Auger Observatory. The energy spectrum is described and its features discussed. We report searches for anisotropy of cosmic rays arrival directions in large scales and through correlation with catalogues of celestial objects. The measurement of the cross section proton-air is discussed. Finally, the mass composition is addressed with the measurements of the variation of the depth of shower maximum with energy and with the muon density at ground.

scholarly journals Effects of different nuclear evaluation data on the RMC keff calculation

2020 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 19005
Author(s):  
Zhang Wenxin ◽  
Qiang shenglong ◽  
Yin qiang ◽  
Cui Xiantao
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Neutron Cross Section ◽  
Nuclear Data ◽  
Section Data ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Physical Calculation

Neutron cross section data is the basis of nuclear reactor physical calculation and has a decisive influence on the accuracy of calculation results. AFA3Gassemble is widely used in nuclear power plants. CENACE is an ACE format multiple-temperature continuous energy cross section library that developed by China Nuclear Data Centre. In this paper, we calculated the AFA3G assemble by RMC.We respectively used ENDF6.8/, ENDF/7 and CENACE data for calculation. The impact of nuclear data on RMC calculation is studied by comparing the results of different nuclear data.

scholarly journals Starburst and post-starburst high-redshift protogalaxies

2019 ◽  
Vol 626 ◽  
pp. A85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellis R. Owen ◽  
Kinwah Wu ◽  
Xiangyu Jin ◽  
Pooja Surajbali ◽  
Noriko Kataoka
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
High Redshift ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Starburst Galaxies ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inverse Compton Scattering ◽  
High Energy Cosmic Rays ◽  
Radiation Fields ◽  
Inverse Compton

Quenching of star-formation has been identified in many starburst and post-starburst galaxies, indicating burst-like star-formation histories (SFH) in the primordial Universe. Galaxies undergoing violent episodes of star-formation are expected to be rich in high energy cosmic rays (CRs). We have investigated the role of these CRs in such environments, particularly how they could contribute to this burst-like SFH via quenching and feedback. These high energy particles interact with the baryon and radiation fields of their host via hadronic processes to produce secondary leptons. The secondary particles then also interact with ambient radiation fields to generate X-rays through inverse-Compton scattering. In addition, they can thermalise directly with the semi-ionised medium via Coulomb processes. Heating at a rate of ∼10−25 erg cm−3 s−1can be attained by Coulomb processes in a star-forming galaxy with one core-collapse SN event per decade, and this is sufficient to cause quenching of star-formation. At high-redshift, a substantial amount of CR secondary electron energy can be diverted into inverse-Compton X-ray emission. This yields an X-ray luminosity of above 1041 erg s−1by redshiftz = 7 which drives a further heating effect, operating over larger scales. This would be able to halt inflowing cold gas filaments, strangulating subsequent star-formation. We selected a sample of 16 starburst and post-starburst galaxies at 7 ≲ z ≲ 9 and determine the star-formation rates they could have sustained. We applied a model with CR injection, propagation and heating to calculate energy deposition rates in these 16 sources. Our calculations show that CR feedback cannot be neglected as it has the strength to suppress star-formation in these systems. We also show that their currently observed quiescence is consistent with the suffocation of cold inflows, probably by a combination of X-ray and CR heating.

scholarly journals PHYSICS WITH COSMIC NEUTRINOS, PEV TO ZEV

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 4065-4083 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS J. WEILER
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Microwave Background ◽  
Radiation Fields ◽  
Cosmic Neutrino ◽  
Long Lifetime ◽  
The Impact

Neutrinos offer a particularly promising eye on the extreme Universe. Neutrinos are not attenuated by intervening radiation fields such as the Cosmic Microwave Background, and so they are messengers from the very distant and very young phase of the universe. Also, neutrinos are not deflected by cosmic magnetic fields, and so they should point to their sources. In addition, there are particle physics aspects of neutrinos which can be tested only with cosmic neutrino beams. After a brief overview of highest-energy cosmic ray data, and the present and proposed experiments which will perform neutrino astronomy, we discuss two particle physics aspects of neutrinos. They are possible long-lifetime decay of the neutrino, and a measurement of the neutrino-nucleon cross-section at a CMS energy orders of magnitude beyond what can be achieved with terrestrial accelerators. Measurement of an anomalously large neutrino cross-section would indicate new physics (e.g. low string-scale, extra dimensions, precocious unification), while a smaller than expected cross-section would reveal an aspect of QCD evolution. We then discuss aspects of neutrino-primary models for the extreme-energy (EE) cosmic ray data. Primary neutrinos in extant data are motivated by the directional clustering at EE reported by the AGASA experiment. We discuss the impact of the strongly-interacting neutrino hypothesis on lower-energy physics via dispersion relations, the statistical significance of AGASA directional clustering, and the possible relevance of the Z-burst mechanism for existing EE cosmic ray data.

scholarly journals CHASING THE GZK WITH HiRes

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 1235-1245 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOUGLAS R. BERGMAN
Keyword(s):  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cosmological Evolution ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Ultra High Energy ◽  
High Energy Cosmic Rays ◽  
Luminous Matter ◽  
The Universe

The HiRes collaboration has recently announced preliminary measurements of the energy spectrum of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR), as seen in monocular analyses from each of the two HiRes sites. This spectrum is consistent with the existence of the GZK cutoff, as well other aspects of the energy loss processes that cause the GZK cutoff. Based on the analytic energy loss formalism of Berezinsky et al., the HiRes spectra favor a distribution of extragalactic sources that has a similar distribution to that of luminous matter in the universe, both in its local over-density and in its cosmological evolution.

scholarly journals Study of Tau Neutrino Production in Proton Nucleus Interactions

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (7) ◽  
pp. 577
Author(s):  
Yu. Gornushkin
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Proton ◽  
Tau Neutrino ◽  
Neutrino Production ◽  
Tau Neutrinos ◽  
Energy Proton ◽  
First Results ◽  
Particle Decays

In the DsTau experiment at the CERN SPS, an independent direct way to study the tau neutrino production in high energy proton-nucleous interactions was proposed. Since the main source of tau neutrinos is a decay of Ds mesons, the project aims at measuring the differential cross-section of this reaction. The experimental method is based on the use of high-resolution emulsion detectors for the efficient registration of events with short-lived particle decays. The motivation of the project, details of the experimental technique, and the first results of the analysis of the data collected during test runs, which prove the feasibility of the study are presented.

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