scholarly journals Developing adult motivation for continuous training

2021 ◽  
Vol 343 ◽  
pp. 11006
Author(s):  
Elena Lucia Mara
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
Traditional Learning ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Adult Motivation ◽  
Motivational Structure ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Moment

Traditional education focused primarily on the moment of teaching, on the moment of transmitting information, knowledge, and only then on aspects related to ethical, motivational, moral nature. Contemporary society in a continuous remodeling and change, no longer coincides, no longer accepts such a system. Traditional learning does not keep pace with contemporary society. The aim of this study is to investigate the motivation of learning in adulthood. In the motivational structure of the investigated adults, extrinsic reasons predominated, indirectly related to the learning activity, such as: the need to advance professionally, to keep up with the times, to obtain a social status as high as possible, to meet current requirements, to earn the respect of others, for a diploma, a change of job. Among the intrinsic reasons invoked by the study participants, directly related to the learning activity, we mention: the desire for knowledge and personal development, curiosity, the desire to teach others. In conclusion, we want to offer a better perspective and a well-understanding of motivational factors implicated in adult learning, ensuring the ease of triangulation of sources of information collection, thus improving the credibility of findings.

scholarly journals Notes on the birth–death prior with fossil calibrations for Bayesian estimation of species divergence times

2016 ◽  
Vol 371 (1699) ◽  
pp. 20150128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario dos Reis
Keyword(s):  
Conditional Density ◽  
Death Process ◽  
Divergence Times ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Fossil Calibration ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Birth Death

Constructing a multi-dimensional prior on the times of divergence (the node ages) of species in a phylogeny is not a trivial task, in particular, if the prior density is the result of combining different sources of information such as a speciation process with fossil calibration densities. Yang & Rannala (2006 Mol. Biol. Evol . 23, 212–226. ( doi:10.1093/molbev/msj024 )) laid out the general approach to combine the birth–death process with arbitrary fossil-based densities to construct a prior on divergence times. They achieved this by calculating the density of node ages without calibrations conditioned on the ages of the calibrated nodes. Here, I show that the conditional density obtained by Yang & Rannala is misspecified. The misspecified density can sometimes be quite strange-looking and can lead to unintentionally informative priors on node ages without fossil calibrations. I derive the correct density and provide a few illustrative examples. Calculation of the density involves a sum over a large set of labelled histories, and so obtaining the density in a computer program seems hard at the moment. A general algorithm that may provide a way forward is given. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Dating species divergences using rocks and clocks’.

Appeal to Philosophers

Philosophy ◽  
1940 ◽  
Vol 15 (60) ◽  
pp. 400-416
Author(s):  
C. E. M. Joad
Keyword(s):  
Classical Tradition ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
The State ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Human Consciousness ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Conduct Of Life ◽  
The Moment

I want in this paper to enter a protest against the preoccupations of many contemporary philosophers, and to put in a plea for a return to the classical tradition in philosophy. According to this tradition, philosophy is, or at least should be, concerned with the whole conduct of life. It has two main functions, to clarify the wisdom of common-sense people, and to increase it. To put it technically, philosophy, as traditionally conceived, is an activity of self-conscious beings which seeks, among other things, critically to examine the manifestations of human consciousness and the principles which guide human activity; to examine not disinterestedly, but in order to illuminate, to assist, and to reform. Philosophy has, therefore, the dual purpose of revealing truth and increasing virtue. One of the methods traditionally employed for achieving these two purposes consists in the attempt to discover those values which are ultimate in the sense that, while other things are desired for the sake oi them, they alone are desired for their own sakes, to uncover by a process of analysis the values which underlie the judgments commonly passed by contemporary society—as for example, in our own society, the values implied by the judgment that increase of efficiency in slaughter is desirable, especially if combined with a readiness to undertake it whenever the State to which one happens to belong deems the moment expedient for the mass slaughter of the citizens of some other State—and to show how the latter deviate from the former.

scholarly journals Using dance movement therapy tools for future choreographers training

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (II) ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
Людмила МОВА
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Movement Therapy ◽  
Contemporary Dance ◽  
Dance Movement Therapy ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
Creative Development ◽  
Dance Movement ◽  
Creative Personality ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Freedom And Responsibility

In the article, we considered the basic conditions for creative abilities development of future choreographers, analyzed the significance of choreographic art in personal creative development, and identified methods to increase creative activity in student-choreographers. Authors have proved that contemporary dance contributes to the discovery and emergence of the uniqueness of each person, the formation of bright creative personality, because of imagination, diversity, and unpredictability play an important role here, as each next dance performance, search for new elements of vocabulary, creation of new compositional solutions require improvisation, creativity, and skills of presence in the moment of performance. It is noted, that it is very important to include elements of dance movement therapy in the process of preparing future choreographers. Authors have offered the themes that allow to activate processes of personal development, find a balance between feelings of freedom and responsibility, and reveal creative possibilities of choreographic students.    

CHALLENGES FOR EDUCATION – INNOVATION, SKILLS AND EFFICIENCY

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-318
Author(s):  
Nevena Gushkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
School Environment ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Soft Skills ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Traditional Education ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Education Innovation ◽  
The Times ◽  
European Citizen

This article presents new trends and challenges for education – effective and necessary for the times in which we live. Today, more than ever, as professional teachers, we need to guarantee every student and parent the values of education and a calm school environment. We need new tools to meet new challenges, to stimulate and inspire our students so that they can reach their full potential, feeling confident and at ease that they are in safe hands. Diversity today is the focus of the evolutionary process of quality, which is certainly difficult, problematic, painful, and yet real. We need to apply strategies, methods that prepare pedagogical specialists to apply traditional education in a new, modern way, emphasizing the positive. It is important to skilfully develop our digital skills that will be useful in classroom work and personal development of teachers and students, worthy of every European citizen. A priority for new trends in education is positive education, building strong teachers with „soft skills“ and the opportunity to always face the challenge of flexibility, looking for non-standard solutions, changing plans, taking advantage of all opportunities in the environment, and helping. The article focuses on the possibility of building „soft skills“ in teachers and students working on a common goal – building mutual trust, discipline, perseverance, motivation, and interest in learning.

Temperature and Time of Development of the Two Sexes in Drosophila

1926 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
GERT BONNIER
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
The Other ◽  
Female Development ◽  
Short Intervals ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Moment ◽  
First Time ◽  
Insight Into

1. The time of development at 25°C. up to the moment of pupation is found to be for females and males respectively 116.62 ± 0.19 and 116.78 ± 0.20 hours. During the pupal stage the two times are 111.36 ± 0.15 and 115.46 ± 0.13 hours. 2. At 30° C. the corresponding figures are (in the same order): 99.95 ± 0.49, 103.37 ± 0.43, 78±15 ± 0.50 and 84.26 ± 0.34 hours. 3. These figures show that there is a statistical significance in the differences of the times of development of the two sexes for both the periods at 30°C. but only for the pupal stage at 25° C. It is pointed out that the fact that the longer time of male development as compared with female development at 25° C. is confined to the pupal stage, may be correlated with the other fact that the essential parts of the secondary sexual characters are developed during this stage. 4. It is shown that there is a negative correlation between the pre-pupal and pupal times of development, indicating that the longer the first time is, the shorter is, as a rule, the other time and vice versa. 5. With the aid of statistical methods it is shown that the shortening of the time of development at 30°C. as compared with the time at 25° C. is much more pronounced for the pupal than for the pre-pupal stage. 6. This last fact is discussed and it is emphasised that the ordinary methods of studying the influence of temperature on development are too rough to be of more than of a descriptive value, the only way of getting a deeper insight into the processes of development by temperature studies being the separate studies of a number of short intervals.

Literacy: Gateway to a World of Exploits

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Biale Zua
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
National Development ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
National Governments

The importance of literacy to the personal development of an individual and existence of any nation cannot be overemphasized. Literacy is the foundation for meaningful development of any nation. It is not a single entity but an interconnection of several fields―education, health, agriculture, and more. For example, a literate individual can have access to information relating to her career or business. However, not every individual in the society is literate enough to contribute to national development. Thus, strong literacy skills are necessary to function in today’s contemporary society. This research examines literacy across African countries with a view of determining countries with high literacy rates. Countries in sub-Saharan Africa have low literacy rates with gender and regional disparity. Therefore, sub-Saharan Africa national governments need to develop strong literacy skills in their countries to participate effectively in the globalized society.

The official reappraisal of May Fourth intellectuals: Hu Shi in the Sinicization of Marxism

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-273
Author(s):  
Selena Orly
Keyword(s):  
Political Identity ◽  
Chinese History ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Reform Era ◽  
Hu Shi ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Chinese Characteristics ◽  
May Fourth ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Moment

In the two decades after 1995, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) executed a significant philosophical shift in its relentless struggle for legitimacy and relevance through the Sinicization of Marxism (马克思主义中国化). Following the pattern of many other political reorientations, the party undertook a reassessment of a prominent historical figure to conduct ideological work – in this case, a leading May Fourth intellectual, Hu Shi. For decades the orthodox CCP view of Hu had been uniformly negative, but from 1995 onwards the People’s Republic of China’s establishment intellectuals presented a more positive appraisal of his impact on Chinese history. Previous scholarship on the rehabilitation of Hu argues that the shift reflected the more liberal academic and political climate of the times. This article argues however that the reappraisal of Hu enabled the CCP to manage a key problem in its political identity – the disjuncture between revolutionary Maoism and reform-era policies captured by the slogan ‘socialism with Chinese characteristics’. By analysing the discussion on a key 1919 debate – known as the ‘problems and isms’ debate – I show that the CCP used Hu’s philosophical ruminations to trace the Sinicization of Marxism from the moment Marxism entered China to reform-era socialism with Chinese characteristics, and in the process it diminished the role of revolutionary Maoism. In so doing, the CCP consolidated legitimacy through showing its leading role in the historic Sinicization of Marxism without Maoism.

ON THE TRACK OF THINGS: SENSATION AND MODERNITY IN MARY ELIZABETH BRADDON'S LADY AUDLEY'S SECRET

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Badowska
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Henry James ◽  
Wilkie Collins ◽  
Mary Elizabeth Braddon ◽  
Sensation Novel ◽  
Lady Audley's Secret ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Moment

Nineteenth-century reviewers, though they disagreed about nearly all aspects of the sensation phenomenon, were united in diagnosing the sensation novel as a symptom of modernity. In a review of novels by Mary Elizabeth Braddon and Wilkie Collins, Henry James noted that their books were typically set in “Modern England – the England of to-day's newspaper” and featured protagonists who were “English [gentlewomen] of the current year, familiar with the use of the railway and the telegraph” (593). Like Bram Stoker's Dracula some four decades later, Braddon's Lady Audley's Secret (1862) represented “nineteenth century up-to-date with a vengeance” (Stoker 67; ch. 3). But Braddon's novel was also “a sign of the times” because it betokened the rising awareness of modernity's tendency toward rapid obsoleteness (“Our Female Sensation Novelists” 485). The critical hostility directed against it at the moment of its greatest success in the 1860s also had the effect of exposing the seeds of transience that constitute the paradoxical essence of novelty.

Patent novelty; proposals for change and their possible impact on information scientists

1985 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
Charles Oppenheim
Keyword(s):  
Patent Law ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Traditional Concept ◽  
Grace Period ◽  
Prior Publication ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
Prior Use ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Moment

Novelty is one of the most Important criteria an applicant must demonstrate for an invention before a patent can be granted. Its importance is not just crucial to patent agents, but also to information scientists, for any changes to the concept could have important implications for their work. The paper describes the major requirements for patent novelty, i.e. the concepts of prior publication, prior use (also known as prior user) and prior claiming. The major groupings of patent novelty requirements in the world—local novelty, relative novelty, and the increasingly important absolute novelty are considered. The paper then examines some variants on the concept of novelty. The best established of these variants is the novelty grace period, used in the USA. Finally, the paper looks at one of the most interesting suggestions for changes in patent law, the concept of the innovation or investment patent. This idea sweeps away the traditional concept of novelty. Innovation patents would not be granted unless there is evidence of commercial use. If such a system were adopted, the numbers of patents applied for and published would drop dramatically, and patents would become much less important as sources of information. At the moment, the concept of an innovation patent remains theoretical, as no country has seriously pro posed changing its patent law in that direction.

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