scholarly journals Development of Future Managers’ Resilience as a Condition for Efficiency and Reliability of Management Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 02003
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Kravets ◽  
Halyna Meshko ◽  
Oleksandr Meshko ◽  
Alina Leskiw ◽  
Nataliia Habrusieva
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Psychosocial Adaptation ◽  
Positive Thinking ◽  
Assertive Behavior ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Efficiency And Reliability

The article is devoted to the study of the future managers' resilience development problem at the stage of Master's training. The state of development of the specified problem in psychological scientific literature and practice was analyzed. The essential approaches to interpreting resilience were clarified and the factors of resilience, considering the analysis of the scientific literature, were analyzed. The method of determining neuropsychological resilience, the risk of maladaptation in stress "Prognosis", adapted method of L. Wasserman "Diagnosis of neuroticism" and SACS-questionnaire and models of coping behavior, developed by S. Hobfoll, were used to measure the ability to maintain psychosocial adaptation during stress and to diagnose the level of neuroticism, neuropsychological resilience to stress. The results of the study served as a basis for finding alternative ways of developing future managers' resilience. The program of future managers' resilience development, focused on the formation of productive interaction and constructive overcoming the professional difficulties skills; mastering constructive coping strategies; learning methods and technics of self-regulation; formation of assertive behavior and positive thinking, selfefficacy of the individual, was substantiated and developed. The main ways of the offered resilience development program’s realization were outlined. The role of the course "Occupational Health" in the development of future managers' resilience was developed and characterized.

SAMUEL J. BROADS CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE ACCOUNTING PROFESSION

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary John Previts ◽  
Thomas R. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Accounting Profession ◽  
General Acceptance ◽  
Accounting Principles ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Securities Laws ◽  
Analogous Reasoning ◽  
Independent Audit ◽  
Selection Of

In the decade following the passage of the Federal Securities Laws of 1933 and 1934, the reform of accounting and auditing practices directed authority for selection of accounting principles and auditing procedures away from the discretion of the individual accountant and auditor. Instead, a self-regulatory peer driven process to establish general acceptance for a more limited set of principles and procedures was being initiated. Two events which occurred in 1938 indelibly affected this process, the SEC's decision to issue Accounting Series Release No. 4, which empowered non-governmental entities as potential sources of authoritative support, and the McKesson & Robbins fraud which called into question the value of the independent audit and the role of external auditing at the very time a momentum had been established for self-regulation by the nascent and recently reunified accounting profession. The contributions of Samuel J. Broad in both the initiatives for self-regulation of accounting principles and of auditing procedures is examined in this paper. Further, several examples of Broad's rhetorical technique of employing analogous reasoning to facilitate dissemination of complex economic and accounting issues are examined.

scholarly journals Eye contact effect: The role of vagal regulation and reactivity, and self-regulation of attention

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicja Niedźwiecka
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Eye Contact ◽  
Autonomic Regulation ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Contact Effect ◽  
The Individual

AbstractEye contact is a crucial aspect of social interactions that may enhance an individual’s cognitive performance (i.e. the eye contact effect) or hinder it (i.e. face-to-face interference effect). In this paper, I focus on the influence of eye contact on cognitive performance in tasks engaging executive functions. I present a hypothesis as to why some individuals benefit from eye contact while others do not. I propose that the relations between eye contact and executive functioning are modulated by an individual’s autonomic regulation and reactivity and self-regulation of attention. In particular, I propose that individuals with more optimal autonomic regulation and reactivity, and more effective self-regulation of attention benefit from eye contact. Individuals who are less well regulated and over- or under-reactive and who do not employ effective strategies of self-regulation of attention may not benefit from eye contact and may perform better when eye contact is absent. I present some studies that justify the proposed hypothesis and point to a method that could be employed to test them. This approach could help to better understand the complex mechanisms underlying the individual differences in participant’s cognitive performance during tasks engaging executive functions.

scholarly journals The mediating role of narcissism in the effects of regulatory mode on positivity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Di Santo ◽  
Calogero Lo Destro ◽  
Conrad Baldner ◽  
Alessandra Talamo ◽  
Cristina Cabras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Motivational Orientation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Regulatory Mode ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Reported Data

AbstractPositivity (i.e., the individual tendency to positively approach life experiences) has proven to be an effective construct applied in positive psychology. However, individuals’ self-regulation may have contrasting effects on positivity. We specifically examined whether positivity could be partially explained through two aspects of motivation concerned with self-regulation: locomotion (i.e., a motivational orientation concerned with movement) and assessment (i.e., a motivational orientation concerned with comparison and evaluation). Furthermore, based on previous literature that found a link between these aspects and narcissism, we examined whether “adaptive” and “maladaptive” dimensions of narcissism could mediate the effects of locomotion and assessment on increased or decreased positivity. Narcissism was defined by previous research as adaptive or maladaptive insofar as it leads or does not lead to increased psychological well-being. We estimated a mediation model with multiple independent variables and multiple mediators in a cross-sectional study with self-reported data from 190 university students. We found that both locomotion and assessment were associated with adaptive narcissism, which in turn was positively associated with positivity. However, assessment was also associated with maladaptive narcissism, which in turn was negatively associated with positivity. Relationships between aspects of self-regulation, narcissism, and positivity can have significant implications which will be discussed.

scholarly journals EMPIRICAL STUDY OF PERSONAL DETERMINANTS OF THE CHOICE OF COPING STRATEGIES OF SERVICEMEN

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Yarmolchyk
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Modern Psychology ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Military ◽  
Military Units

Today, the activities of military units become especially important in conditions of instability in the country. Consequently, the study of the psychological characteristics of such people becomes expedient. Modern types of combat are requirements that often exceed the capabilities and resources of the military. This, in turn, creates a need for a special type of personality - stable, socially active, with a high level of self-regulation and the ability to withstand pressure from adverse factors [9].In modern psychology, the individual way in which a person can cope with a complex, crisis situation is determined by the concept of coping behavior. The study of this concept is especially relevant for persons working in the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Coping is a strategy of behavior in complex stressful situations, which is chosen by servicemen to deal with stress. This is a kind of response of the psyche, which is an adaptive mechanism at the time of negative impact. The choice of coping strategies is determined by a number of personality traits that determine the dominant pattern of behavior of a particular serviceman during decompression.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of Expression of Leadership of Pre-Primary Children in Musical Activities

Pedagogika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-132
Author(s):  
Asta Rauduvaitė ◽  
Živilė Virganavičienė
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Literature Analysis ◽  
Leadership Qualities ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Musical Activities

On the basis of scientific literature analysis it can be stated that at pre-primary age leadership is fostered developing children’s self-confidence, initiative, communication with adults, empathy, curiosity, leading of activities and play, activity, self-regulation and self-control, creativity, generating of ideas, which may be expressed in musical activities as well. Therefore, applying musical activities, expression of various features may be encouraged, their synthesis and variations may be achieved to enable a child to experience the nurtured qualities and to develop them. The results of the research on expression of leadership qualities of pre-primary children in musical activities showed that children’s leadership qualities are expressed in singing most frequently. Expression of leadership in other activities such as listening to music, playing and rhythmisation, improvisation and creation, is not so suggestive. Expression of leadership qualities in all activities should be encouraged, whereas during singing activities, all the distinguished leadership qualities were noticed: communicating with adults, generating of ideas, leading of activities and play, initiative, activity, empathy, creativity, curiosity, sensitivity, self-regulation and self-control. The analysis of children’s opinion about leadership qualities revealed that: 1) distribution of favorable musical activities is predetermined by child’s wish to involve in a certain activity and its attractiveness. Therefore, the role of a teacher is important presenting these activities in an attractive way and making attempts to strengthen learners’ interested in them; 2) children like to rally other children for activities but involve in them to a different extent. Some of them seek to lead, others generate ideas and show initiative to rally other children but they later assume the role of a collaborator and do not lead activities. Moreover, a number of children experience a negative influence of their peers, when they are not invited to engage in play, i.e., they lose self-confidence or engage in play only as an observer.

scholarly journals Socio-Pedagogical Context of Upbringing and Education

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Svetlana Vladislavovna Kolesova
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Positive Thinking ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
Social Pedagogy ◽  
The Social ◽  
General Pedagogy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Pedagogical Science

The article is devoted to discussing social and pedagogical context for the processes of upbringing and education. The purpose of the study is to disclose the specifics of upbringing and education contributing to positive socialization of the individual in the circumstances when the social component of modern life has gained greater significance. The research methods include the study and analysis of academic and pedagogical publications on the discussed issue. The article examines integration and differentiation as trends in the progress of modern pedagogical science. The author highlights the issue of interconnection and independence between general pedagogy, social pedagogy and other human sciences. The idea of social context for traditional pedagogical processes of education and instruction is argued in the article. The author focuses on transformation that these processes undergo in the present-day context for an individual’s social development, as well as on risks and barriers in solving educational problems arising in that context. The article reveals the role performed by child’s upbringing and education as factors of positive socialization. The author presents her standing in viewing the concept of “positive socialization”, and in defining the role of positive thinking in this process. The article also suggests there is a need for socio-pedagogical support for an individual’s positive socialization. The concept and content of socio-pedagogical support of a student in the process of upbringing and education is briefly revealed. The author concludes by stating a demand to modify methodology of researching processes of education and instruction in the domain of an individual’s socialization.

scholarly journals Unhealthy lifestyles and their deleterious relationship with infections: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
Shashi K Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Healthy Lifestyles ◽  
Direct Connection ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Role

Infection morbidity and mortality generate a significant global health burden. Several pandemics throughout human history have caused considerable suffering and killed millions of people. The ongoing Covid-19 pandemic is one such example. Individual lifestyles, if healthy, have been shown to modulate immune function and help fight infection. The five most important lifestyles are diet, obesity, exercise, alcohol consumption, and smoking. A favorable lifestyle or a prudent change result in reducing the risk and severity of infections. These include several viral, bacterial, parasitic, and fungal infections. The medical scientific literature is loaded with large well-done studies that have focused on the individual role of these lifestyles. A direct connection has been identified and verified in most cases. This manuscript provides a narrative review of this lifestyle-infection relationship. The aim is to raise the awareness of health care providers on the significant impact healthy lifestyles can have on infectious diseases. It is hoped that disseminating this data will translate into improved healthcare.

scholarly journals Occupational health and safety legislation: possibilities for future development

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian B. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Occupational Health And Safety ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Training And Education ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Legislative Changes

That there should be much greater attention to the problem of occupational health and safety may be demonstrated by the out-dated and fragnented legislation and its administration now current in New Zealand, notwithstanding recent legislative changes. It is suggested that there are many factors that should be considered in developing a new course of action and recent approaches in some other countries, notably Britain and Canada are examined for their relevance to New Zealand's future needs. Among the factors considered are scientific, economic, ethical and political aspects. Probably the greatest need lies in the necessity of paying a lot more attention to the health effects of the working environment. Also recommended is a well-informed approach to self-regulation which involves all in the workplace and, as a consequence, calls for a lot more training and education. Joint training for all members of management-labour committees is regarded as essential. A tripartite authority is proposed to take over the present role of government departments.

A general framework for assessing fitness for work

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
John Hobson ◽  
Julia Smedley
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Occupational Health Services ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Fitness For Work ◽  
Work Health ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
The Individual

The opening chapter of Fitness for Work provides an introduction to the book and sets out a framework for assessing fitness for work. It considers the relationship between work and health including the prevalence of disability and its impact on employment. The role of occupational health services, the various professions working in the field, and how they function are described. Guidance is provided on consent, confidentiality, occupational health reports, and communicating with the employer and other health professionals. The occupational health assessment itself is considered with detailed sections on the consultation, functional assessment, objective tests, and assessing the workplace. Factors affecting work performance are considered as well as matching the individual to the job, rehabilitation, making accommodation and adjustments, and return to work. The chapter concludes by considering recent trends and developments with particular regard to the most recent government initiatives, specifically Improving Lives: the Future of Work, Health and Disability.

scholarly journals Strategic Self-Regulation in Groups: Collective Implementation Intentions Help Cooperate When Cooperation Is Called for

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lukas Thürmer ◽  
Frank Wieber ◽  
Peter M. Gollwitzer
Keyword(s):  
Implementation Intentions ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Social Dilemmas ◽  
Investment Game ◽  
Prisoners Dilemma ◽  
Group Members ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Group Member

Groups need contributions that are personally costly to their members. Such cooperation is only adaptive when others cooperate as well, as unconditional cooperation may incur high costs to the individual. We argue that individuals can use We-if-then plans (collective implementation intentions, cIIs) to regulate their group-directed behavior strategically, helping them to cooperate selectively with group members in the situation planned for. In line with this prediction, a cII to consider group earnings increased cooperative decisions in a prisoners’ dilemma game when playing against another group member but not when playing against a stranger (i.e., non-group member). Moreover, cIIs to cooperate in the prisoners’ dilemma game did not increase cooperation in a structurally similar investment game that participants had not planned for. We discuss the role of collective planning in solving social dilemmas.

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