scholarly journals Tax policy in the system of post COVID-19 anti-crisis measures

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 01027
Author(s):  
Viacheslav Shavshukov ◽  
Natalia Zhuravleva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Tax Policy ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Capital Gains ◽  
Tax Regimes ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Tax Systems ◽  
Policy Direction

Research Background: Tax policy and reforms are the means to overcome the COVID-19 crisis, contributing to economic growth. The study is based on an analysis of tax regimes before the pandemic. Purpose of the article: Purpose of the article is to develop instruments of tax regulation in anti-crisis tax policy. Methods: The analysis employs macroeconomic indicators from the IMF, and WB databases. The comparative analysis of countries in terms of Total Tax and Contribution Rate (TTCR), Labour Tax TTCR, other taxes TTCR has been conducted on the basis of WB/PWC tax ranking methodology. The paper presents a classification of tax systems according to six rankings, and suggests tax policy modifications. Findings & Value added: The main directions of tax policy reform are: 1) The tax system should maintain its progressive character while increasing social equity, a new quality of economic growth and life. 2) Income taxation is less conducive to economic growth than consumption taxation. The study suggests differentiation in tax policies for developed and developing countries. 3) The choice between a flat and a progressive personal income tax scale should be made on the bases of the thorough analysis of the tax systems of countries leading in the quality of life. Their regimes can serve as a benchmark. 4) The taxation of interest, dividends and capital gains under dual treatment is a promising tax policy direction. 5) Reforming the CIT on the basis of differentiated rental income would allow for part of the income to costs and part to profits.

scholarly journals National taxation policies dynamics in agrarian industry globalization: assessing the efficiency factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 13027
Author(s):  
Prateep Wajeetongratana
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Stimulation ◽  
Tax Regimes ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Efficiency Factors ◽  
The One ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
Macroeconomic Growth

This research study takes up the criteria of comfortable/harsh national taxation policies in an attempt to analyze various impacts of countries’ tax systems on their macroeconomic growth as well as on countries’ participation in the world economic processes. More specifically, the article analyzes the correlation between the dynamics of tax regimes’ components on the one side and the macroeconomic indicators of countries on the other, while the authors present their own, original classification of the countries divided into groups depending on the level of their wellbeing. Further on, authors’ conclusions are focused around the efficiency of fiscal instruments in part of economic growth stimulation and trade attractiveness. These conclusions are generally applicable to the majority of today’s countries. Also, the study shows how tax policies and tax regimes (de)stimulate economic growth and increase/decrease trade attractiveness of different countries in today’s globalized world. This obviously proves that taxation overall has enough power to affect national macroeconomic growth in general and foreign trade in particular. Indirectly, it also has the power to affect social wellbeing and the state of nationalinfrastructure.

Analisis Indikator Makro Ekonomi Terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan di Provinsi Sumatera Barat

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Cempaka Rizki Ambar Sari ◽  
Dela Resina ◽  
Neng Kamarni
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Variable Rate ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Economic Growth Rate ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Interesting Discussion

Poverty is a problem of economic development which is always an interesting discussion. Poverty has an impact on socio-economic burdens, increases in crime, decreases the quality of life, and hinders the creation of superior human resources. The objectives of this study were to 1) analyze the concept and development of poverty in West Sumatra Province; and 2) to analyze the effect of macroeconomic indicators on poverty in West Sumatra Province. The macroeconomic indicators used are Economic Growth Rate based on Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) and Human Development Index (HDI). The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression which includes data from 19 districts and cities in West Sumatra Province during the period 2015-2019. From the results of this study, it was found that in general the poverty rate in West Sumatra Province from 2015-2019 continued to decline. The variable rate of economic growth has a positive relationship with the level of poverty in West Sumatra Province. Meanwhile, the HDI variable has a significant effect on the poverty level and has a negative relationship.

Does tax policy fit in the portfolio of COVID-19 responses?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerrie Sadiq ◽  
Richard Krever
Keyword(s):  
Tax Policy ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Income Support ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Tax Regimes ◽  
The Uk

Purpose Tax policymakers are currently navigating a path through a delicate dialectic of macro- and micro-level policy responses to the economic dislocation of the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this paper is to examine initial tax measures that are aimed at helping taxpayers needing liquidity, solvency and income support. Design/methodology/approach This study undertakes a review of key tax policy responses of six jurisdictions across the globe that have similar tax regimes and virus mitigation strategies (albeit with different outcomes). Key initiatives implemented from February to April 2020 by Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Singapore, South Africa and the UK are examined. Findings This study indicates that tax concessions are a crude and mostly ineffective way of assisting individuals and enterprises in difficulty. In the longer term, if the crisis prompts desirable reforms such as extending the recognition of tax losses, the income tax system will emerge fairer and more efficient. Practical implications An investigation of the short-term reforms announced relating to asset write-offs, tax deferral, tax losses and goods and services tax/value-added tax rates in light of the liquidity, income support and stimulus objectives shows that in some cases the policies may have been misguided. The findings can be used by policymakers as the basis for designing better targeted alternative non-tax responses. Originality/value Jurisdictional responses to tax policy reforms during a modern period of significant economic dislocation have yet to be documented in the literature. Specifically, this paper highlights the limitations of tax policy initiatives as a response to financial hardship.

scholarly journals Analisis Pdrb Kabupaten Kebumen Sektor Perdagangan, Hotel Dan Restoran Atas Dasar Harga Berlaku Tahun 2008-2013

Media Wisata ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulianto
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Analysis Calculation ◽  
Trade Sector ◽  
Entire Amount ◽  
Constant Prices

Gross Regional Domestic Product is as the amount of value-added (add value) that are generated by the entire production unit or in a region or the entire amount is the value of final goods and services produced by the economy of the entire unit within a region in a given period, either on the basis of rates in force or on the basis of constant prices. One GRP District of Kebumen is a sector of trade, hotels and restaurants which is an important part of the calculation and the increasing economic growth each year has increased, although not significantly.On the trade sector, the hotel and restaurant viewed from the results of analysis calculation on equation trend for certain years have elevated the quality of the year 2008 amounting to 583, 253.02 in 2009 amounted to 651, 473.61, then increment level trends in2010 719, 694.20, while for the year 2011 for the highest rate of increase in trends, namely of 856, 135.38, then in 2012 has increased the trend 355.97 924, and 2013 for trends 992,576.56.The result of the analysis of the Gross Domestic Product has increased fromKebumen Regency, trade, hotels and restaurants on the basis of the applicable rates in 2008-2013.

scholarly journals Fair Taxation in the Middle East and North Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Mansour ◽  
Pritha Mitra ◽  
Carlo Sdralevich ◽  
Andrew Jewell
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Income Taxes ◽  
The State ◽  
Personal Income ◽  
Property Taxes ◽  
Political Transitions ◽  
Mena Countries ◽  
Constructive Dialogue ◽  
Tax Regimes ◽  
Tax Systems

Fairness – and what governments can do about it – is at the forefront of economic and social debate all over the world. In MENA, this has been at the core of recent political transitions but has not been adequately addressed. This SDN explores how tax systems – a critical interface between the state and citizens – can play a role in meeting demands for greater economic fairness in MENA countries. The SDN finds that for countries with well-established non-hydrocarbon tax systems (mostly oil importers) reforms should focus on simplifying tax structures and introducing more progressivity of personal income taxes, broadening tax bases, and better designing and enforcing property taxes. Tax administration should be more efficient and user-friendly while simplifying tax regimes will reduce the scope for arbitrary implementation. MENA countries with less established non-hydrocarbon revenue systems can begin with a “starter pack” that includes introduction of low-rate value-added and corporate income taxes, excises, and property taxes while building up administrative capacity and taxation expertise together with plans for introducing a personal income tax. Across the region, effective communication, transparency, and constructive dialogue between the State and citizens are critical to the success of reforms.

The Adversarial Politics of Fiscal Federalism: Tax Policy and the Conservative Ascendancy in Canada, 1988–2008

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 333-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Major ◽  
Josh McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Tax Policy ◽  
Fiscal Federalism ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Social Protest ◽  
Economic Program ◽  
Tax Regimes ◽  
Social Policy Reform

When and how do tax regimes become sites of social protest and support broader movements of social policy reform? This question has drawn increasing interest from political sociologists and political scientists who have looked at the ways in which tax regimes create political cleavages that create the foundations for major shifts in state policy making or become the focal points of collective identity formation, leading to “tax protests.” In this paper we seek to contribute to this line of inquiry through an examination of the politics of Canadian tax policy from 1988 through 2008. What makes this case so compelling is that during these years the debates over tax policy raged over, first, the implementation and, later, the reduction of a federal value-added tax (VAT). However, rather than fueling a broad-based tax protest, debates over the VAT heightened interprovincial political cleavages that allowed the Conservatives to tie the question of the VAT to a broader economic program of typically “neoliberal” reforms: improving private-sector competitiveness and shrinking the size of the state. Drawing on a statistical analysis of the Canadian Election Study and an historical analysis of the conflict over taxation, we show how the federal structure of the Canadian state, and its policies of revenue equalization across the provinces, created an interprovincial adversarial politics that made sales tax reduction a key issue for Canadian voters. Our findings show how recognizing the historically contingent and institutionally specific context of struggles over tax policy helps to explain cross-national variation in the politics of taxation.

scholarly journals The evolution of free economic zones in Russian Federation as a determinant of regional development

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
Maria Ignatieva ◽  
Yan Shokin
Keyword(s):  
Subject Area ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Qualitative Level ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Economic Zones ◽  
The Impact

In the context of a steady increase in the mutual dependence between the economic systems of various countries, the identification and quantitative analysis of key parameters determining the quality of development of the economic environment of individual states are becoming increasingly relevant; at the same time, it is certain that, not least, the qualitative level of the country's economic development is determined by the effective functioning of the territories of innovative development, that is, free economic zones.The report provides a detailed description of the subject area, namely, the classification of modern Russian SEZs and an overview of the main factors of their development; a set of factors is proposed for analyzing the impact of the functioning of SEZs on regional and macroeconomic indicators with the aim of further developing a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of the functioning of free economic zones.

scholarly journals KUALITAS HIDUP DAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI, STUDI KASUS DKI JAKARTA DAN DAERAH PENYANGGANYA

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malik Al Karim ◽  
Galih Jati Utomo ◽  
Bella Fauziah
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Agglomeration ◽  
The City ◽  
New Infrastructure

This study aims to analyze the phenomenon of urban sprawl development from aspects of value added, quality of life and economic growth to sub urban area of DKI Jakarta. The city are Bekasi City, Bekasi Regency, Depok City, Bogor City, Bogor Regency, Tangerang City, South Tangerang City, and Tangerang Regency. The research method was desk study with  variables population, typology of city, Human Development Index (HDI), Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), education level, proportion of labor, access to Jakarta and distribution of settlements. The results of this research are (1) urban sprawl increases the population and the development of regions around the city including economic agglomeration to the sub urban area. It can be seen from the change of land use in each region become an area of settlement, commercial, industrial, or service and the development of new infrastructure and centers of economic growth.  (2) economic growth in the sub urban area have an increase in GDP per year. Based on this, there is no competitiveness between the DKI Jakarta sub urban areas developing not based on competition but complementary. (3) The city of South Tangerang is considered to have the best quality of life. This is seen from the highest value of South Tangerang City HDI compared to other regions. 

Taxation and the Quality of Government

2021 ◽  
pp. 700-722
Author(s):  
Steven M. Karceski ◽  
Edgar Kiser
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Tax Policy ◽  
Path Dependence ◽  
The State ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Important Interaction ◽  
State Size ◽  
Historical Periods

In this chapter we explore the connection between taxation and quality of government. Taxation represents an important interaction between citizens and the state, thus the way in which tax policies are organized has important implications for the quality of government. The first part of the chapter describes three different perspectives on quality of government: The first relates to administrative impartiality, the second to state size and economic growth, and the last to democracy. It then explores how each perspective holds distinct prescriptions for the design of tax policy. The latter part of the chapter applies the conclusions on the three perspectives to discuss exemplary cases of each over different historical periods. It concludes with a discussion of path dependence and the difficulty of maintaining a high quality of government in the long run.

National Currency Appreciation and Growth of the Russian Economy

2004 ◽  
pp. 95-111
Author(s):  
T. Zolotoukhina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Money Supply ◽  
Capital Flows ◽  
National Currency ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Exchange Market ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators

The problem of interaction between Russian currency appreciation and positive dynamics of macroeconomic indicators is studied. Main economic factors of ruble appreciation are analyzed. Consequences of the Russian Central Bank's policy directed to oppose ruble appreciation and problems in financial area due to the increase of money supply through the exchange market are considered. Influence of exchange rate appreciation on economic growth, inflation, export, import, capital flows are discussed. It is concluded that Russian ruble appreciation stimulates an increase in efficiency of the Russian economy.

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