scholarly journals The impact of national political culture on the Global development of Entrepreneurial ecosystems

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Gennady Alpatov ◽  
Elena Korostyshevskaya ◽  
Olga Stoianova ◽  
Kirill Gusarov ◽  
Elena Bortnikova
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Sensitive Period ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Effective Relationships ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Private Venture ◽  
The Impact

Research background: Numerous attempts not only in the Russian Federation but also in many other countries to copy successful examples of the entrepreneurial ecosystem (EEs) from the USA did not lead to equally outstanding results. In scientific literature and in the media, the underestimation of the influence of informal institutions, also called cultural traditions of the country and business customs, is increasingly cited as a reason for that unfulfilled expectations. We postulate that the main reason for unfulfilled expectations lies in the underestimation of the influence of political culture. Purpose of the article: the goal is to prove the hypothesis that the prevailing culture of statism hinders the development of effective relationships between two key EEs actors - founders and venture funds. Methods: analysis of data from a wide range of publications by keywords and their classification into groups of factors that influence on EEs. Findings & Value Added: - The mature EEs dictates the rules to every new member, but the evolving EEs itself obeys the code of conduct that existed before it appeared. - The larger the share of state-funded startups, the stronger the distorting influence of the state in the sensitive period of EEs formation. - As a result of the contradiction that has arisen between the cultural environment and the need for security and support for startups, there is an outflow of startups to EEs with a friendly environment. This is the main reason for the lack of private venture capital in the country.

Analysis and Reduction of the Waste in the Work Process Using Time Study Analysis: A Case Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 971-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Norzaim bin Che Ani ◽  
Siti Aisyah Binti Abdul Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Cycle Time ◽  
Lean Manufacturing ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Time Study ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Unit Of Work ◽  
Time Required ◽  
The Impact

Time study is the process of observation which concerned with the determination of the amount of time required to perform a unit of work involves of internal, external and machine time elements. Originally, time study was first starting to be used in Europe since 1760s in manufacturing fields. It is the flexible technique in lean manufacturing and suitable for a wide range of situations. Time study approach that enable of reducing or minimizing ‘non-value added activities’ in the process cycle time which contribute to bottleneck time. The impact on improving process cycle time for organization that it was increasing the productivity and reduce cost. This project paper focusing on time study at selected processes with bottleneck time and identify the possible root cause which was contribute to high time required to perform a unit of work.

A New World Economic order formation

2021 ◽  
pp. 932-950
Author(s):  
Vladislav Vyacheslavovich Emelyanov
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
World Order ◽  
The United States ◽  
New Order ◽  
The West ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
World Economic Order ◽  
The Impact

Every few decades, the world order changes due to various geopolitical, economic and other circumstances. For example, as a result of globalization, the world order has undergone significant changes in the last forty years. Globalization has led to the destruction of the postwar world order, as well as to world leadership by the United States and the West. However, in recent decades, as a result of globalization, the U.S. and the West began to cede their leadership to developing countries, so there is now a change in the economic structure of relations in the world system. Today the center of economic growth is in the East, namely in Asia. There are no new superpowers in the world at the moment, but the unipolar world will cease to exist due to the weakening of the U. S. leadership, which will lead to a change in the world order. A new leader, which may replace the U. S., will not have as wide range of advantages as the USA has. Most likely, the essence of the new order will be to unite the largest countries and alliances into blocks, for example, the USA together with the Trans-Pacific Partnership, the EU, etc. The article outlines forecasts of GDP growth rates as well as the global energy outlook; analyzes the LNG market as well as the impact of the pandemic on the global oil and gas market; and lists the characteristics of U. S. geopolitics.

Analysis of Institutional Factors Affecting Share Prices: The Case of National Stock Exchange

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 707-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeraj Nautiyal ◽  
P. C. Kavidayal
Keyword(s):  
Stock Prices ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Price Variation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

This study offers empirical findings on the impact of institutional variables on firm’s stock market price performance. In order to identify the influence of companies financial on NIFTY 50 Index, our sample consists of balanced panel of 30 actively traded companies (that becomes the study’s index representative) over a massive transition period, 1995–2014. Attempts have been made with a wide range of econometric models and estimators, from the relatively straightforward to (static) more complex (dynamic panel analyses) to deal with the relevant econometric issues. Results indicate that increasing debt in capital structure does not establish any significant relation with the stock prices. Earnings per share (EPS) shows a poor explanation of price variation. Economic value added (EVA) indicates a positive relation with current as well as previous year’s stock price performances. However, dividend payout (DIVP) and dividend per share (DPS) achieve negative relationship at moderately significant level. The present study confirms that performance of companies fundamental ratios will be essential and immensely helpful to investors and analysts in assessing the better stocks that belong to different industry groups.

Impact of basic risks, sanctions and adverse market conditions on the coal industry development in Russia over the period to 2040. Part I: External and internal challenges critical to the coal industry development and its performance scenarios in the post-crisis period

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Plakitkin ◽  
◽  
L. S. Plakitkina ◽  
K. I. Dyachenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Baseline Scenario ◽  
Industry Development ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Industry Performance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

The growth prospects for coal production in Russia are not so clearly evident as it may seem. Today there is a wide range of alternative avenues of advancement for the coal sector, which can be explained by the external and internal challenges critical to the development of the coal industry in Russia. The basic risks potentially capable to cause the most adverse effect on the coal industry performance in the years to come include: the coal market slump in the world; ecological risks; risks due to sanctions imposed by the USA and European Union to restrict import of new technologies and attraction of financial assets; social risks. Aiming to evaluate the impact of these risks on the coal industry performance in the coming years, four look-ahead scenarios are developed: baseline, hazardous (baseline), moderate, and hazardous (moderate). The moderate scenario is found to be more innovative than the baseline scenario. The highest rate of introduction of technological innovations is representative of the technologies with lower level of the predicted output of coal. This study has been partly supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research in the framework of R&D Project No. 18-010-00467 Development of Economic Indicators and Production Data for the Coal Industry Development in Russia up to 2035 with the Changing Vector of Global Technological Innovation due to Implementation of Industry 4.0 Program.

Economic Prospects for Wind Farming

1983 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-79
Author(s):  
Martin T. Katzman
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Fuel Savings ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Average Wind ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Generating Capacity ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Several American utilities have contracted to purchase electricity from ‘windfarmers’, and many others are beginning to explore this option. The value of conventional fuel and capacity savings will influence the terms under which utilities enter these contracts. A quantitative assessment of these savings is undertaken using computer models that simulate the dispatching of conventional capacity and calculate the reliability of this capacity. These models identify the conventional costs avoided by utilities as a consequence of windfarming. The impact of various levels of windmill penetration is simulated in five sites in the USA, representing a wide range of average wind speeds. The cost of wind energy is less than the value of fuel savings alone for utilities which possess substantial oil- and-gas-fired generating capacity and which serve sites with winds above 12 m.p.h. In such sites, 1kW of conventional capacity is displaced by 2–5 kW windmill capacity. Increased windmill penetration reduces the value of fuel and capacity savings per kW.

scholarly journals Variation of market power across different food supply chains

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 06004
Author(s):  
Mykola Dereva ◽  
Miroslava Rajčániová
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Market Power ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Power Index ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Food Supply Chains ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Usa

Research background: The analysis of the competitiveness between producers, processors and retailers in food supply chains has always been drawing a high level of attention. It has become even more topical issue for researchers and policymakers after the global food crisis in 2008. Purpose of the article: The goal of this paper is to analyse empirical studies of market power and to investigate if some supply chains are systematically more prone to excessive market power than others. Methods: For this study, we have collected a wide range of recent studies investigating the processors’ market power index in the food supply chains. In total, in our analysis, we used 472 unique market power index estimates and employed various linear regression models to investigate their determinants. Findings & Value added: Our findings suggest that, on average, the reported degree of market power in the USA is almost twice as high as in other countries. At the same time, market power estimates related to the meat, dairy and horticulture industries are systematically higher than the ones related to other supply chains. Finally, we observed that, on average, supply chains related to highly perishable products tend to have lower market power estimates associated with them, than other supply chains. Our results have important implications for future investigation of the structural source of market power and unfair trade practices.

scholarly journals The New Luddite Scare: The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Labor, Capital and Business Competition between US and China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-20
Author(s):  
Miron Wolnicki ◽  
Ryszard Piasecki
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
The People ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective: The main aim of the article is to send a message to the general public that Artificial Intelligence (AI) is no different than any inventions disruptive for the mode of production discovered before. In the past, Luddites looked with fear at steam-powered industry and mechanized looms; today we look at Artificial Intelligence (AI) with equal anxiety and fear of the unknown. Methodology: We analyze the world literature on this subject and compare the main economic actors: the USA and China. We also use some historic analogies like discoveries of Thomas Edison and Nicola Tesla. Findings: AI is a ground-breaking technology which will fundamentally change human relations to the outside world. It will disrupt all known paradigms or production, medicine, shopping and, generally, the exploration of human environment, blurring the barrier between virtual and real. Value Added: The luddite-type fears are unfounded. AI will enhance the concentration power, polarize societies between winners and losers, capital and labor and enhance the gaps which were on rise with the industrial revolution. We are at the outset of another revolution which will give humans a better command of nature. The negative effects of the revolution should be addressed and resolved in the future. Recommendations: AI was created by people and can be ultimately governed by the people who set it in motion. Perhaps AI will provide answers how to control ourselves from a runaway deep or general AI. But this is a subject of another paper.

The impact of the news on the value and trading volume of the USA pharmaceutical companies stocks

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (5) ◽  
pp. 217-237
Author(s):  
Sergey Volodin ◽  
Ekaterina Zueva
Keyword(s):  
Insider Trading ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Trading Volume ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Portfolio Managers ◽  
Trading Volumes ◽  
Corporate Investors ◽  
The Impact

Intensive development of the global pharmaceutical industry has led to a significant increase in its attractiveness to market investors. At the same time, there is a clear lack of academic work in world financial science that would reveal the specifics of the shares pricing for pharmaceutical companies, including the nature of the influence of various types of news information. The study made it possible to partially solve this problem, significantly expanding the range of available scientific conclusions. Based on a situational and econometric analysis, the authors characterized the influence of a wide range of news information on the dynamics of stock prices and trading volumes, assessed the possibility of insider trading. It is shown that usage of news information by investors can potentially lead to extra profit on market transactions. The findings of the study can be useful to both private and corporate investors, including portfolio managers, in transactions with shares of the world’s largest pharmaceutical companies.

scholarly journals Property Tax Reform and Urban Housing Production and Consumption in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-186
Author(s):  
Maren Mallo Daniel ◽  
Joseph Tanko Nkup ◽  
Nenrot Gombwer Wuyokwe
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
Capital Gains ◽  
Housing Production ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Land Titling ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In the past decade, the Nigerian government has witnessed dwindling revenues owing to fluctuating oil prices. This has necessitated the search for alternative revenue sources. For the authorities in Jos, the administrative city of Plateau State in north-central Nigeria, taxes within housing production and consumption loop were thought to be the easiest catch. Accordingly, the authorities intensified the generation of land titling fee, capital gains tax, value added tax, land use charge, ground rent, development permits, probate fee, withholding tax among others. These efforts came with some implication for urban housing. The paper aims to provide an understanding of this and it employed a wide range of secondary data of quantitative and qualitative forms in pursuits of two objectives. The first objective examined how property taxes were administered and found that multiple agencies were involved in tax administration and, as a result, double taxation occurred in land titling, seeking of development permits and probate. Furthermore, sporadic land and property registration impeded the development of a cadastre, thereby allowing the government to arbitrarily and outrageously apply taxes, which tax payers tried to evade through informal house building and property transactions. The second objective analysed the impact of property taxation and found that taxes accounted for a high cost of new housing and residential rentals but also had the potentials of stimulating housing production and consumption. Recommendations that could help the government generate revenue from taxing properties while also incentivising housing production and consumption were offered.

scholarly journals Nanocellulose: Resources, Physio-Chemical Properties, Current Uses and Future Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhpreet Kaur ◽  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Meghana Munagala ◽  
Rangam Rajkhowa ◽  
Ben Aallardyce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Systems View ◽  
The Impact

The growing environmental concerns due to the excessive use of non-renewable petroleum based products have raised interest for the sustainable synthesis of bio-based value added products and chemicals. Recently, nanocellulose has attracted wide attention because of its unique properties such as high surface area, tunable surface chemistry, excellent mechanical strength, biodegradability and renewable nature. It serves wide range of applications in paper making, biosensor, hydrogel and aerogel synthesis, water purification, biomedical industry and food industry. Variations in selection of source, processing technique and subsequent chemical modifications influence the size, morphology, and other characteristics of nanocellulose and ultimately their area of application. The current review is focused on extraction/synthesis of nanocellulose from different sources such as bacteria and lignocellulosic biomass, by using various production techniques ranging from traditional harsh chemicals to green methods. Further, the challenges in nanocellulose production, physio-chemical properties and applications are discussed with future opportunities. Finally, the sustainability of nanocellulose product as well as processes is reviewed by taking a systems view. The impact of chemicals, energy use, and waste generated can often negate the benefit of a bio-based product. These issues are evaluated and future research needs are identified.

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