Acaricidal Activity of Artemisia nilagirica Leaves Against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus Ticks

Planta Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (18) ◽  
pp. 1335-1344
Author(s):  
Darsana Udayan ◽  
Suresh Narayanan Nair ◽  
Sanis Juliet ◽  
Reghu Ravindran ◽  
Sunil Athalathil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Acaricidal Activity ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Synthetic Pyrethroids ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Boophilus Annulatus ◽  
Artemisia Nilagirica

AbstractSince time immemorial, human beings have used various parts of plants in either prevention or treatment of ailments. Plants are rich sources of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds with a high structural diversity. Many plants/herbs with specific biological activities such as antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, sedative, and acaricidal activity have been reported. Artemisia nilagirica (C. B. Clarke) Pamp. (Compositae) is a plant traditionally used for insect control in the southern part of India. Previous studies have demonstrated the activity of Artemisia species against pests. The present study thus evaluates the acaricidal activity of crude ethanolic extract of A. nilagirica leaves and its fractions against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus. Ticks are ectoparasites that transmit several protozoal, viral, and rickettsial diseases. In south India, R. (B.) annulatus is the commonly observed tick species. Control of these acarine parasites that adversely affect milk and meat production is a tough task. Chemical acaricides such as organophosphates, synthetic pyrethroids, amitraz, and ivermectin are commonly used in tick control. The high cost, environmental hazards, and development of acaricidal resistance are some of the drawbacks of these chemical acaricides. Plant-based formulations are one of the promising approaches for the control of ectoparasites. Previously, extracts from various medicinal/aromatic plants were reported for acaricidal activity from our laboratory, such as Tetrastigma leucostaphylum (Dennst.) Alston, Chassalia curviflora (Wall.) Thwaites, Jatropha curcas L., and Ageratum conyzoides Hieron. Biochemical quantification, fluorescence analysis, and primary phytochemical analysis are already reported for the ethanolic extract and its fractions of areal parts of A. nilagirica. Phytochemical characterization of ethanolic extract of A. nilagirica from Kerala, India was shown to have the presence of terpenoids, flavonoids, steroids, saponins, fixed oils and fats, tannins, and glycosides.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING POTENTIALS OF SOLANUM NIGRUM LEAVES EXTRACT

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 316
Author(s):  
Sriram Prasath
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Solanum Nigrum ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

ABSTRACTSolanum nigrum is a paramount in medicinal perspective and belongs to family Solanacea. From different parts of the plant significant pharmacological and biological activities have been reported previously.  In the present study, the ethanolic extract of leaves was investigated for phytochemical analysis, vitamin and mineral content. Phytochemical analysis of the leaves revealed the presence of phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, phytosterols and triterpenoides. The leaves extract was found to contain appreciable amounts of flavonoids and phenols. The extract showed the presence of vitamins such as ascorbic acid, folic acid, and niacinamide. It has been found that the leaves of Solanum nigrum is rich in minerals like copper, magnesium, manganese, vanadium, chromium, calcium, zinc, sodium, and potassium. The antioxidant (free radical scavenging) activity of the extract was determined against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) ABTS, Nitric oxide(NO) and Superoxide Scavenging assays. Solanum nigrum leaves extract was found to be antioxidant in nature which is evident from DPPH, ABTS, NO, Superoxide radical scavenging assays. These findings suggest that Solanum nigrum possess biologically important phytoconstituents, significant amounts of vitamins and minerals. IN addition, S. nigrum leaves extract exert free radical scavenging potential in vitro.Key words: Medicinal plants; Solanum nigrum leaves; phytoconstiuents;Antioxidant.  

scholarly journals Extraction, Qualitative and Quantitative Determination of Secondary Metabolites of Rumex Nepalensis Roots

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6-s) ◽  
pp. 97-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azher Nawaz Khan ◽  
Irm Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Test Protocol

In the Indian ayurvedic system of medicine, Rumex nepalensis Spreng. (Polygonaceae) commonly known as Nepal Dock has wide-spectrum therapeutic potencies and is extensively used for centuries in traditional medicine systems. They act as a possible food supplement and are largely used in pharmaceutical industry. Extracts and metabolites from this plant exhibits pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, insecticidal, purgative, analesic, antipyretic, anti-algal, central nervous system depressant, genotoxic, wound healing and skeletal muscle relaxant activity. Due to its remarkable biological activities, it has the potential to act as a rich source of drug against life threatening diseases. The aim of the present study is to examine Rumex nepalensis roots for phytochemical profile. Qualitative analysis of various phytochemical constituents and quantitative analysis of total phenolics and flavonoids were determined by the well-known test protocol available in the literature. Quantitative analysis of phenolic and flavonoids was carried out by Folins Ciocalteau reagent method and aluminium chloride method respectively. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, fixed oil and fats. The total phenolics content of roots ethanolic extract was (1.658 mg/100mg), followed by flavonoids (1.048mg/100mg). The present study concluded that the crude extract of Rumex nepalensis is a potential source of various activates and this justifies its use in folkloric medicine. Keywords: Rumex nepalensis, Qualitative analysis, Quantitative analysis, TPC, TFC, Folins Ciocalteau

In vitro acaricidal effects of ethanolic extract and its fractions of Ageratum conyzoides L. against common cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suresh Narayanan Nair ◽  
Sanis Juliet ◽  
Krishnan Kavillimakkil Amithamol ◽  
Athalathil Ramankutty Sunil ◽  
Adarsh Krishna Thumadath Palayullaparambil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Boophilus Annulatus

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and Biological Activities of Combretum adenogonium Leaves Extracts

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (30) ◽  
pp. 358
Author(s):  
Martial S. Nounagon ◽  
Durand Dah-Nouvlessounon ◽  
Christine N’tcha ◽  
Sani M. Akorede ◽  
Haziz Sina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Scientific Journal ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Dpph Method

Combretum adenogonium is beniniens pharmacopoeia medicinal plant used for the treatment of various diseases. This work aims to study the phytochemical and assess some biological activities of C. adenogonium leaves extracts. The phytochemical analysis (qualitative et quantitative) was conducted by standard analytical chemistry method. Antioxydant activity was evaluated by the DPPH method. Antibacterial activity was evaluated in vitro with 10 references strains , 10 Staphylococcus strains isolated from European Scientific Journal October 2017 edition Vol.13, No.30 ISSN: 1857 – 7881 (Print) e - ISSN 1857- 7431 359 meat products and 10 clinical Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from Buruli ulcer lesions and pus. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Bactericidal (CMB) were determined by macrodilution method. The extracts cytotoxic effect was evaluated with Artemia salina larvae. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanins, saponin and triterpenoids. The methanolique extract present the higest content (450.66 ± 0.004 µg EAG/mg) of total polyphenolic compound. The results showed the good antioxidant activity. The inhibitory diameter zone vary (p < 0.001) according to the strains. The largest medium inhibitory diameter (21.85 ± 0.17 mm) was obtained with the ethanolic extract, while the lowest (6.00 ±0.00 mm) were recorded with water-ethanol extract. The variation between CMI and CMB is not significant (p > 0.05). The higher LD50 (27.66 mg/ml) was recorded with methanol extract. The results of this study confirm some use of C. Adenogonium extracts. But; these extracts must be use with moderation

scholarly journals Phytochemical analysis and biological activities of ethanolic extract of Curcuma longa rhizome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Sabir ◽  
A. Zeb ◽  
M. Mahmood ◽  
S.R. Abbas ◽  
Z. Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

Abstract Curcuma longa is an important dietary plant which possess several pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflamatory, anticancer and anti clotting etc. The aim of the present study was to determine the phenolic profile of Curcuma longa and in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. In HPLC chromatogram of Curcuma longa rhizome extract 15 phenolic compounds were identified namely Digalloyl-hexoside, Caffeic acid hexoside, Curdione, Coumaric, Caffeic acid, Sinapic acid, Qurecetin-3-D-galactoside, Casuarinin, Bisdemethoxycurcumin, Curcuminol, Demethoxycurcumin, and Isorhamnetin, Valoneic acid bilactone, Curcumin, Curcumin-O-glucuronide respectively. The ethanolic extract displayed an IC50 value of 37.1±0.3 µg/ml against alpha glucosidase. The IC50 value of DPPH radical scavenging activity was 27.2 ± 1.1 μg/mL. It is concluded that ethanolic extract of Curcuma long is rich source of curcumin and contain several important phenolics. The in vitro antioxidant and alpha glucosidase inhibitory effect of the plant justifies its popular use in traditional medicine.

Phytochemical Analysis, In Vitro Antioxidant and Wound Healing Activities of Turbinaria ornata (Turner) J. Agardh from Gulf of Mannar, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Saibi K M ◽  
Leeba Balan ◽  
Sankar Jamuna ◽  
Ramesh Babu
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Gulf Of Mannar ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Turbinaria Ornata ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Abstract Turbinaria ornata, tropical brown algae found in the South pacific and Indian Ocean ecosystems. In accordance with recent studies, Turbinaria ornata J. has potent anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, this study is aimed to explore the biological activities of ethanolic extract of Turbinaria ornata J by analyzing the presence of phytochemical components, antioxidant property, antimicrobial activity and the wound healing activity. From the results, phytochemical analysis of ethanolic extract of T. ornata showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, oils, total phenolic and total flavanoid content were estimated to be 0.683 Abs and 0.433 Abs respectively. Anti-oxidant activity of the ethanolic extract of T. ornata extract showed remarkable DPPH radical scavenging activity of about 58.8% at 200μg/ml and total anti-oxidant activity of 0.257 absorbance at 100μg/ml concentration, as compared to that of their respective controls. The ethanolic extract of T. ornata exhibited the maximum zone of inhibition against the clinical pathogens like Pseudomonas aeuruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with their potent anti-microbial activity. Wound healing effects of the ethanolic extract of T. ornata was analysed by using Zebra fish model. The results showed the rapidand significant regeneration of the wounded caudal fin on day 14. Therefore, the preliminary results of this study strongly supports the ethanolic extract of T. ornata may be effective in wound healing and regeneration of the wounded tissues.

scholarly journals Acaricidal Activity of Crude Ethanolic Extract of Sphaeranthus indicus, its Fractions and Subfractions against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus (Acari: Ixodidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (08) ◽  
pp. 787-797
Author(s):  
Thirumangalath Meethal Divya ◽  
Valliparampil Chandran Soorya ◽  
Krishnan Kavillimakkil Amithamol ◽  
Darsana Udayan ◽  
Kanapadinchareveetil Sreelekha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Acaricidal Activity ◽  
Boophilus Annulatus ◽  
Sphaeranthus Indicus

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Activities of the Ethanolic Extract of Daphne sericea Vahl Flowering Aerial Parts Collected in Central Italy

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
Claudio Frezza ◽  
Alessandro Venditti ◽  
Daniela De Vita ◽  
Fabio Sciubba ◽  
Pierpaolo Tomai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Pheophorbide A ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Anisic Acid ◽  
First Time

In this paper, the first phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic extract of Daphne sericea Vahl flowering aerial parts collected in Italy and its biological activities were reported. Eleven compounds were identified i.e., α-linolenic acid (1), tri-linoleoyl-sn-glycerol (2), pheophorbide a ethyl ester (3), pilloin (4), sinensetin (5), yuanhuanin (6), rutamontine (7), syringin (8), p-coumaric acid (9), p-anisic acid (10) and caffeic acid (11). To the best of our knowledge, compounds (1-4, 7-8 and 10) were isolated from D. sericea for the first time during this work, whereas sinensetin (5) represents a newly identified component of the entire Thymelaeaceae family. The extract was found to possess radical scavenging against both DPPH• and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-thylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS•+) radicals, with at least a 40-fold higher potency against the latter. Moreover, chelating abilities against both ferrous and ferric ions have been highlighted, thus suggesting a possible indirect antioxidant power of the extract. Although the precise bioactive compounds remain to be discovered, the polyphenolic constituents, including phenolic acids, tannins and flavonoids, seem to contribute to the antioxidant power of the phytocomplex. In addition, the extract produced cytotoxic effects in MDA-MB-231 and U87-MG cancer cell lines, especially at the concentration of 625 μg/mL and after 48–72 h. Further studies are required to clarify the contribution of the identified compounds in the bioactivities of the extract and to support possible future applications.

Determination of Antioxidant Activities and Bioactive Components of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (Samonsabar)

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Molecular Formula ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare

World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 80% of the population of developing countries use traditional medicines, mostly natural plant products, for their primary health care needs. In the past few decades, the medicinal value of plants has been assumed more important dimension owing largely to the discovery that extracts from plants contain not only primary metabolites but also a diverse array of secondary metabolites with antioxidant potential. Medicinal plants are potential sources of natural compounds with biological activities and therefore attract the attention of researchers worldwide. Antioxidants are vital substances which possess ability to protect the body from damage due to free radical-induced oxidative stress. The purpose of current study was to determine the antioxidant activities and bioactive components of Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) (Samonsabar) seeds by using UV Visible Spectrophotometer (UV-Vis) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Aqueous extract of fennel seeds showed more antioxidant activity (IC50: 0.28 ug/ml) than ethanolic extract (IC50: 0.83 ug/ml) and comparable to standard antioxidant, ascorbic acid (IC50: 0.59 ug/ml). GC-MS analysis was fruitful in identification of compounds based on peak area, retention time, molecular formula, molecular weight, MS Fragmentions and pharmacological actions. Ten bioactive phytochemical compounds from aqueous extracts and 11 from ethanolic extract of fennel seeds were identified. These findings indicated that fennel seeds are potential to provide preventive properties against oxidative damage. These results will give scientific information for quality control of indigenous drug to herbal medicine users and local practitioners using fennel for different types of ailments

Tamarix articulata (T. articulata) - An Important Halophytic Medicinal Plant with Potential Pharmacological Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah M. Alnuqaydan ◽  
Bilal Rah
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Pharmacological Properties

Background:Tamarix Articulata (T. articulata), commonly known as Tamarisk or Athal in Arabic region, belongs to the Tamaricaece species. It is an important halophytic medicinal plant and a good source of polyphenolic phytochemical(s). In traditional medicines, T. articulata extract is commonly used, either singly or in combination with other plant extracts against different ailments since ancient times.Methods:Electronic database survey via Pubmed, Google Scholar, Researchgate, Scopus and Science Direct were used to review the scientific inputs until October 2018, by searching appropriate keywords. Literature related to pharmacological activities of T. articulata, Tamarix species, phytochemical analysis of T. articulata, biological activities of T. articulata extracts. All of these terms were used to search the scientific literature associated with T. articulata; the dosage of extract, route of administration, extract type, and in-vitro and in-vivo model.Results:Numerous reports revealed that T. articulata contains a wide spectrum of phytochemical(s), which enables it to have a wide window of biological properties. Owing to the presence of high content of phytochemical compounds like polyphenolics and flavonoids, T. articulata is a potential source of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties. In view of these pharmacological properties, T. articulata could be a potential drug candidate to treat various clinical conditions including cancer in the near future.Conclusion:In this review, the spectrum of phytochemical(s) has been summarized for their pharmacological properties and the mechanisms of action, and the possible potential therapeutic applications of this plant against various diseases discussed.

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