Chemical Constituents from Physalis Calyx seu Fructus and Their Inhibitory Effects against Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response

Planta Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (16) ◽  
pp. 1191-1203
Author(s):  
Hui-Xin Hu ◽  
Lin-Tao Xu ◽  
Hui Gao ◽  
Hui Lv ◽  
Min Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Etoh Extract ◽  
First Time

AbstractPhysalis Calyx seu Fructus, a traditional Chinese medicine consisting of the calyxes and fruits of Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii, has been used as therapy for inflammation-related respiratory diseases such as excessive phlegm, cough, sore throat, and pharyngitis for a long history in China. The aim of the present study was to investigate the chemical constituents of Physalis Calyx seu Fructus and identify the bioactive constituents responsible for its traditional application as therapy for inflammation-related diseases. In the present study, one new phenylpropanoid (1), two new steroids (17 and 18), together with 55 known constituents have been purified from the EtOH extract of Physalis Calyx seu Fructus. Among them, seven and twelve known constituents were isolated for the first time from Physalis Calyx seu Fructus and the genus Physalis, respectively. Fourteen constituents, including steroids [physalins (5 – 9, 12 – 14, and 15) and ergostane (21)], a sesquiterpenoid (35), alkaloids (36 and 37), and a flavonoid (44), showed inhibitory effects against oxidative stress. Ten constituents, including steroids (5, 6, 8, 13, and 15), sesquiterpenoids (34 and 35), alkaloids (37 and 41), and a flavonoid (43), were found be potential anti-inflammatory constituents of this medicinal plant. The inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammatory response may be related to the regulation of Nrf2 and nuclear factor-κB pathways. The ethnomedical use of Physalis Calyx seu Fructus as a treatment for respiratory diseases might be attributed to the combined inhibitory effects of steroids, alkaloids, sesquiterpenoids, and flavonoids against oxidative stress and inflammatory response.

Ameliorative Effect of Rhoifolin in Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity via Regulating Nuclear Factor-κB Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-272
Author(s):  
Song Yanfang ◽  
Yan Shufang ◽  
Zhang Hong ◽  
Liu Rui ◽  
An Xin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Factor Α

Dose-dependent nephrotoxicity limits the therapeutic use of cisplatin in tumor chemotherapy. Natural compounds show a protective effect against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Rhoifolin is a flavone glycoside that demonstrates antioxidant and antiproliferative effects. The influence and mechanism of rhoifolin on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity were investigated in this study. First, a rat model of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity was established. Intraperitoneal administration of cisplatin induced renal damage in rats as demonstrated by a decrease in body weight, increase in blood urea, nitrogen and creatinine, and destruction of histological integrity. However, treatment with rhoifolin attenuated cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Second, cisplatin induced oxidative stress and inflammatory response in rats as demonstrated by a decrease in superoxide dismutase, glutathione, glutathione S-transferase and catalase, and an increase in malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6. Also, the administration of rhoifolin led to alleviation of cisplatin-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Finally, cisplatin activated the nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway via degradation and phosphorylation of IκBα (inhibitor of kappa B). Administration of rhoifolin inhibited nuclear translocation of NF-κB via down-regulation of phospho-IκBα and phospho-p65, as well as up-regulation of IκBα. In conclusion, the administration of rhoifolin attenuated cisplatin-induced renal damage, oxidative stress and inflammatory response through inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway, suggesting a potential adjunct candidate for cisplatin in tumor treatment.

scholarly journals CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells regulate immune balance in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion via the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-κB pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 030006052098094
Author(s):  
Shuang Qin ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Jinrui Zhang ◽  
Qing Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 4 ◽  
Unexplained Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Tlr4 Antagonist

Objective The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of cluster of differentiation (CD)4+CD25+ forkhead box p3 (Foxp3)+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) on unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) and the associated mechanisms. Methods The proportion of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs and inflammatory cytokine concentrations in the peripheral blood of women with URSA were measured by flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. CBA/JxDBA/2J mating was used to establish an abortion-prone mouse model and the model mice were treated with the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) antagonist E5564 and the TLR4 agonist lipopolysaccharide. Results The proportion of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs was decreased and the inflammatory response was increased in women with URSA. In the abortion-prone mouse model, E5564 significantly increased the proportion of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs, decreased the inflammatory response, and increased Foxp3 mRNA and protein expression. Lipopolysaccharide had adverse effects on the abortion-prone model. Conclusions These data suggest that CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs regulate immune homeostasis in URSA via the TLR4/nuclear factor-κB pathway, and that the TLR4 antagonist E5564 may be a novel and potential drug for treating URSA.

In Vitro and in Vivo Nuclear Factor-κB Inhibitory Effects of the Cell-Penetrating Penetratin Peptide

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 2027-2036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Letoha ◽  
Erzsébet Kusz ◽  
Gábor Pápai ◽  
Annamária Szabolcs ◽  
József Kaszaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Cell Penetrating

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress-Dependent Impairment of Cardiac-Specific Transcription Factors in Experimental Diabetes

Endocrinology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 147 (12) ◽  
pp. 5967-5974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Aragno ◽  
Raffaella Mastrocola ◽  
Claudio Medana ◽  
Maria Graziella Catalano ◽  
Ilenia Vercellinatto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Downstream Signaling ◽  
Zdf Rats ◽  
Myogenic Factors ◽  
Age Receptors

Oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy, which is characterized by myocyte loss and fibrosis, finally resulting in heart failure. The study looked at the downstream signaling whereby oxidative stress leads to reduced myocardial contractility in the left ventricle of diabetic rats and the effects of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), which production is suppressed in the failing heart and prevents the oxidative damage induced by hyperglycemia in several experimental models. DHEA was given orally at a dose of 4 mg/rat per day for 21 d to rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes and genetic diabetic-fatty (ZDF) rats. Oxidative balance, advanced glycated end products (AGEs) and AGE receptors, cardiac myogenic factors, and myosin heavy-chain gene expression were determined in the left ventricle of treated and untreated STZ-diabetic rats and ZDF rats. Oxidative stress induced by chronic hyperglycemia increased AGE and AGE receptors and led to activation of the pleoitropic transcription factor nuclear factor-κB. Nuclear factor-κB activation triggered a cascade of signaling, which finally led to the switch in the cardiac myosin heavy-chain (MHC) gene expression from the α-MHC isoform to the β-MHC isoform. DHEA treatment, by preventing the activation of the oxidative pathways induced by hyperglycemia, counteracted the enhanced AGE receptor activation in the heart of STZ-diabetic rats and ZDF rats and normalized downstream signaling, thus avoiding impairment of the cardiac myogenic factors, heart autonomic nervous system and neural crest derivatives (HAND) and myogenic enhancer factor-2, and the switch in MHC gene expression, which are the early events in diabetic cardiomyopathy.

scholarly journals (–)-Loliolide Isolated from Sargassum horneri Suppressed Oxidative Stress and Inflammation by Activating Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling in IFN-γ/TNF-α-Stimulated HaCaT Keratinocytes

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 856
Author(s):  
Eui-Jeong Han ◽  
Ilekuttige Priyan Shanura Fernando ◽  
Hyun-Soo Kim ◽  
Dae-Sung Lee ◽  
Areum Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Sargassum Horneri ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Hacat Keratinocytes ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ

The present study evaluated the effects of (–)-loliolide isolated from Sargassum horneri (S. horneri) against oxidative stress and inflammation, and its biological mechanism in interferon (IFN)-γ/tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes. The results showed that (–)-loliolide improved the cell viability by reducing the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in IFN-γ/TNF-α-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes. In addition, (–)-loliolide effectively decreased the expression of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-4 IL-6, IL-13, IFN-γ and TNF-α) and chemokines (CCL11 (Eotaxin), macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC)), by downregulating the expression of epidermal-derived initial cytokines (IL-25, IL-33 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP)). Furthermore, (–)-loliolide suppressed the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling, whereas it activated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling. Interestingly, the cytoprotective effects of (–)-loliolide against IFN-γ/TNF-α stimulation were significantly blocked upon inhibition of HO-1. Taken together, these results suggest that (–)-loliolide effectively suppressed the oxidative stress and inflammation by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling in IFN-γ/TNF-α-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes.

scholarly journals Chemical Constituents of Eupatorium japonicum and Anti-Inflammatory, Cytotoxic, and Apoptotic Activities of Eupatoriopicrin on Cancer Stem Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Minh Giang Phan ◽  
Thi Thao Do ◽  
Thi Nga Nguyen ◽  
Thi Viet Huong Do ◽  
Ngoc Phuc Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
No Production ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
First Time ◽  
Eupatorium Japonicum

Eupatorium japonicum Thunb. of the plant family Asteraceae is a popular traditional herb in Vietnam. However, its chemical constituents as well as bioactive principles have not been investigated yet. We investigated the phytochemistry of E. japonicum in Vietnam and isolated seventeen compounds (1–17) including phytosterols, terpenoids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, fatty alcohols, and fatty acids. They were structurally determined by MS and NMR analysis. Except for compounds 6 and 12, all the other compounds were identified for the first time from E. japonicum. Since many sesquiterpene lactones with α-methylene γ-lactone ring are reported as anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents, eupatoriopicrin (10), 1-hydroxy-8-(4,5-dihydroxytigloyloxy)eudesma-4(15),11(13)-dien-6,12-olide (11) were selected among the isolates for biological assays. Compound 10 was identified as the main bioactive sesquiterpene lactone of E. japonicum showing its potent anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity through inhibiting NO production and the growth of HepG2 and MCF-7 human cancer cell lines. For the first time, eupatoriopicrin (10) was demonstrated to strongly inhibit NTERA-2 human cancer stem cell (CSC) line in vitro. It is noticeable that the cytotoxicity of eupatoriopicrin against NTERA-2 cells is mediated by its apoptosis-inducing capability of 10 as demonstrated by the results of Hoechst 33342 staining, flow cytometry apoptosis analysis, and caspase-3 activity assays. The biological activities of the main bioactive constituents 1–7, 10, 12, and 15 supported the reported anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties of extracts from E. japonicum.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress causes hypertension and activation of nuclear factor-κB after high-fructose and salt treatments

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waleska C. Dornas ◽  
Leonardo M. Cardoso ◽  
Maísa Silva ◽  
Natália L. S. Machado ◽  
Deoclécio A. Chianca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
High Fructose
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