Biophysical characteristics of medical compression stockings

Phlebologie ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 36 (04) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ströhn ◽  
H. M. Häfner ◽  
M. Jünger
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Compression Stockings ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Resting Pressure ◽  
Venous Function ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Mercury Strain Gauge

Summary Aim: Haemodynamic effectivity of 13 compression stockings in correlation with its physical characteristics. Patients, methods: In a prospective study, 42 patients in clinical stage C1–4 were examined with dynamic mercury strain gauge plethysmography to determine the effects of 13 different compression stockings in compression classes 2 and 3 (CEN) on venous haemodynamics. At the same time that venous function measurement was monitored, the pressure exerted by the compression stockings was measured under resting conditions and during standardized exercises by the patients. Results: Resting pressure measured while the patient was reclining corresponded to the in vitro textile data for the corresponding compression class in all of the stockings. The compression stockings improved venous refill times t0 and t1/2 to a statistically significant degree. The differences in the improvement in refill times t0 and t1/2 was found to depend on the quotient of maximum working pressure during movement over resting pressure (pW/pR) while standing (r = 0.90, p < 0.01 ). The improvement of the expelled volume correlated with decrease of resting pressure from ankle to calf (r = 0.86, p <0.01 ). Conclusion: Compression stockings that exert the same resting pressure at ankle level in reclining patients can still have different effects on venous haemodynamics. The haemodynamic effectivity of the various compression materials is determined above all by the degree of stiffness, which can be characterized in vivo as the ratio of maximum working pressure to resting pressure (pW/pR) while standing.

The Haemodynamic Efficacy of Six Different Compression Stockings from Compression Class 2 in Patients Suffering from Chronic Venous Insufficiency

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 126-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Häfner ◽  
M. Jünger
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Compression Stockings ◽  
Textile Technology ◽  
Resting Pressure ◽  
Venous Function ◽  
University Department

Objective: To describe the efficacy of six different compression stockings from compression class 2 on venous haemodynamics in patients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). Design: An open, randomised, prospective study. Setting: University Department of Dermatology, Tübigen, Germany. Patients: Twenty-two patients (11 women, 11 men; mean age 55.1 years, SD 10.3 years) suffering from chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) at clinical stages C14EpAs, A14, Ap, PR. Interventions: The acute effect of six different compresion stockings from compression class 2 (CEN) on venous haemodynamics were measured using dynamic mercury strain gauge plethysmography. At the same time as venous function, the pressure exerted by the compression hosiery was determined under resting conditions and during exercise. Main outcome measures: Resting pressure exerted in the supine position was equivalent in all compression hosiery to the data defined in textile technology for compression class 2 (25–35 mmHg at the ankle). Compression hosiery produced a statistically significant improvement in venous refilling time t 0. The differing improvement in venous function could be explained by the quotient for maximum active pressure/resting pressure on standing (r = 0.98, p <0.01). Conclusion: Compression stockings from the same compression class possess differing acute effects on venous haemodynamics. The efficacy of the various compression devices derives to an exceptional degree from the elasticity of the material, and can be characterised in vivo by the ratio between maximum pressure exerted during exercise and the resting pressure on standing.

scholarly journals Kinesin Family Member 18A (KIF18A) Contributes to the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-Tao Chen ◽  
Fu-Kuan Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Cells ◽  
Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells ◽  
Tumor Growth And Metastasis

Objective. To determine the expression levels of KIF18A in lung adenocarcinoma and its relationship with the clinicopathologic features of patients undergoing radical colectomy and explore the potential role in the progression of lung adenocarcinoma. Methods. Immunohistochemical assays were performed to explore the expression levels of KIF18A in 82 samples of lung adenocarcinoma and corresponding normal tissues. According to the levels of KIF18A expression in lung adenocarcinoma tissue samples, patients were classified into the KIF18A high expression group and low expression group. Clinical data related to the perioperative clinical features (age, gender, smoking, tumor size, differentiation, clinical stage, and lymph node metastasis), the potential correlation between KIF18A expression levels, and clinical features were analyzed, and the effects of KIF18A on lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were measured by colony formation assay, MTT assay, wound healing assay, and transwell assays. The possible effects of KIF18A on tumor growth and metastasis were measured in mice through tumor growth and tumor metastasis assays in vivo. Results. KIF18A in lung adenocarcinoma tissues. Further, KIF18A was significantly associated to clinical characteristic features including the tumor size (P=0.033) and clinical stage (P=0.041) of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Our data also investigated that KIF18A depletion dramatically impairs the proliferation, migration, and invasion capacity of lung adenocarcinoma cells in vitro and inhibits tumor growth and metastasis in mice. Conclusions. Our study reveals the involvement of KIF18A in the progression and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma and provides a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.

scholarly journals Comparative Studies of Platelet Survival by Different Methods in the Rabbit

Blood ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHIRLEY EBBE ◽  
MARIO BALDINI ◽  
JANET DONOVAN
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Sodium Chromate ◽  
Platelet Concentrates ◽  
Rabbit Platelets

Abstract Four methods for measuring the survival of homologous platelets in rabbits were studied: (1) transfusion of nonradioactive platelet concentrates to thrombocytopenic recipients, (2) transfusion of concentrates of platelets labeled in vitro with Cr51-sodium chromate, (3) transfusion of concentrates of platelets labeled in vivo with P32-orthophosphate and (4) transfusion of whole blood labeled in vivo with P32-orthophosphate. The survival time of platelets in normal rabbits was 3-4 days. From comparison of the 3 methods using platelet concentrates, the following conclusions were drawn. (1) All the platelets in a platelet concentrate were capable of recirculating after transfusion. (2) Labeling with P32 or Cr51 did not damage platelets. (3) About one-third of the Cr51 was immediately eluted from viable platelets after they were transfused. (4) Further exchange of the label in vivo did not occur to a significant degree with either Cr51 or P32. (5) Cr51 did not elute from platelets during storage of the platelets. (6) Studies of rabbit platelets had applicability in predicting the behavior of human platelets.

scholarly journals Upregulation of KCNQ1OT1 promotes resistance to stereotactic body radiotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma by inducing ATG5/ATG12-mediated autophagy via miR-372-3p

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanyu He ◽  
Xinmao Song ◽  
Zuozhang Yang ◽  
Yuchi Mao ◽  
Kunming Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Resistant Cell ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Large Tumor ◽  
Advanced Clinical Stage ◽  
Potential Strategy

Abstract Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has emerged as a standard treatment for non-small-cell lung cancer. However, its therapeutic advantages are limited with the development of SBRT resistance. The SBRT-resistant cell lines (A549/IR and H1975/IR) were established after exposure with hypofractionated irradiation. The differential lncRNAs were screened by microarray assay, then the expression was detected in LUAD tumor tissues and cell lines by qPCR. The influence on radiation response was assessed via in vitro and in vivo assays, and autophagy levels were evaluated by western blot and transmission electron microscopy. Bioinformatics prediction and rescue experiments were used to identify the pathways underlying SBRT resistance. High expression of KCNQ1OT1 was identified in LUAD SBRT-resistant cells and tissues, positively associated with a large tumor, advanced clinical stage, and a lower response rate to concurrent therapy. KCNQ1OT1 depletion significantly resensitized A549/IR and H1975/IR cells to radiation by inhibiting autophagy, which could be attenuated by miR-372-3p knockdown. Furthermore, autophagy-related 5 (ATG5) and autophagy-related 12 (ATG12) were confirmed as direct targets of miR-372-3p. Restoration of either ATG5 or ATG12 abrogated miR-372-3p-mediated autophagy inhibition and radiosensitivity. Our data describe that KCNQ1OT1 is responsible for SBRT resistance in LUAD through induction of ATG5- and ATG12-dependent autophagy via sponging miR-372-3p, which would be a potential strategy to enhance the antitumor effects of radiotherapy in LUAD.

scholarly journals miR-125b Suppresses Proliferation and Invasion by Targeting MCL1 in Gastric Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shihua Wu ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
Liming Xie ◽  
Yaling Peng ◽  
Xiaoyuan Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Gastric Cancer Cells ◽  
Gastric Cancer Progression

Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying gastric cancer progression contributes to the development of novel targeted therapies. In this study, we found that the expression levels of miR-125b were strongly downregulated in gastric cancer and associated with clinical stage and the presence of lymph node metastases. Additionally, miR-125b could independently predict OS and DFS in gastric cancer. We further found that upregulation of miR-125b inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. miR-125b elicits these responses by directly targeting MCL1 (myeloid cell leukemia 1), which results in a marked reduction in MCL1 expression. Transfection of miR-125b sensitizes gastric cancer cells to 5-FU-induced apoptosis. By understanding the function and molecular mechanisms of miR-125b in gastric cancer, we may learn that miR-125b has the therapeutic potential to suppress gastric cancer progression and increase drug sensitivity to gastric cancer.

scholarly journals An In Vivo and In Vitro Evaluation of the Mutual Interactions between the Lung and the Large Intestine

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei-Miao Yin ◽  
Guang-Quan Zhang ◽  
Xing-Ke Yan ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Yu-Dong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Intestine ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Lung Homogenate ◽  
Muscle Strip ◽  
Pulmonary Resistance ◽  
Pulmonary Functions ◽  
Resting Pressure ◽  
First Time

One of the most important theories of the traditional Chinese medicine is the exterior-interior relationship between the lung and the large intestine; so far, little direct experimental evidence has been reported to support such relationship. Here we for the first time investigated the mutual interactions between the lung and the large intestine by examining the relevancies between the pulmonary functions and the rectal resting pressure in the rat models of asthma and constipation. We also evaluated the effects of the lung homogenate and the large intestine homogenate on the isolated large intestine muscle strip and the isolated tracheal spiral, respectively. Our results showed that the pulmonary resistance and pulmonary compliance were closely related to the rectal resting pressure in the asthmatic rat model, while the rectal resting pressure was much correlated with the pulmonary resistance in the rat model of constipation. Moreover, it was shown that the lung homogenate could specifically contract the isolated large intestine muscle strip. Overall, this study provided new lines of evidence for the theory and highlighted the potential application in the treatment of the corresponding diseases.

scholarly journals Treatment of Recurrent Eczematous External Otitis with Honey Eardrops: A Proof-of-Concept Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 157 (4) ◽  
pp. 696-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darius Henatsch ◽  
Cindy H. Nabuurs ◽  
Rens M. van de Goor ◽  
Petra F. Wolffs ◽  
Robert J. Stokroos
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
External Otitis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
In Vitro Treatment ◽  
Antibacterial Potential

Eczematous external otitis is a chronic inflammatory disease and often difficult to treat. Our objective was to investigate the clinical effect and in vitro antibacterial potential of medical honey eardrops as treatment of eczematous external otitis. In a prospective study, 15 patients diagnosed with recurrent eczematous external otitis were treated with medical honey eardrops for 2 weeks. The following clinical outcomes were evaluated: visual analog scale of ear complaints, score of eczema, and eradication of bacterial infection. Furthermore, the antibacterial effect of honey eardrops against different bacterial strains was tested in vitro. Treatment resulted in less discomfort and itching and decreased signs of eczema, with high patient satisfaction and without adverse reactions. Honey eardrops showed a strong in vitro inhibitory activity against all tested strains but did not eradicate Staphylococcus aureus infection in vivo. The results of this preliminary study indicate a possible role of honey eardrops in eczematous ear disease.

scholarly journals Phosphotyrosine picked threonine kinase stimulates proliferation of human osteosarcoma cells in vitro and in vivo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe-Xiang Wang ◽  
Shao-Chun Ren ◽  
Jing Ren
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Primary Bone Tumor ◽  
Threonine Kinase ◽  
Human Osteosarcoma Cells

IntroductionOsteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumor, and the main affected population is adolescents. The survival of OS patients was 10–20% when surgery was used as a single treatment. There is less basic research on OS than other tumors, and we need more ways to improve the survival rate. Phosphotyrosine picked threonine kinase (TTK) has been widely reported as an oncogene in multiple types of cancers, and it is also known as a clinical therapeutic target. This study aims to assess TTK expression levels in human OS tissues and its link with the clinical characteristics of OS patients, and to evaluate the potential role in OS development.Material and methodsImmunohistochemical (IHC) assays were conducted to detect the expression levels of TTK in a total of 74 OS tissues and the corresponding adjacent tissues. Furthermore, according to the staining intensity of TTK in tumor tissues, patients were divided into TTK high and low expression groups. The possible correlation between TTK expression levels and clinical features were analyzed, and the effects of TTK on OS cell proliferation were detected through colony formation and cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assays. The effects of TTK on tumor growth were detected using an animal model.ResultsPhosphotyrosine picked threonine kinase was abnormally highly expressed in human OS tissues. Meanwhile, TTK was significantly correlated with the clinical characteristics such as tumor size (p = 0.004*) and clinical stage (p = 0.014*) of OS patients. Our results also revealed that the inhibition of TTK dramatically suppressed the proliferation of OS cells in vitro and blocked tumor growth in mice.ConclusionsWe demonstrated the involvement of TTK in the development of OS, and therefore we suggest that TTK should be considered as a promising therapy target for OS.

scholarly journals MON-LB60 Prolactin Response to Metformin in Cabergoline-Resistant Prolactinomas: A Prospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Henrique Corrêa Portari ◽  
Silvia Regina Correa-Silva ◽  
Julio Abucham
Keyword(s):  
Extended Release ◽  
Prolactin Secretion ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Metformin Treatment ◽  
Fasting Glycemia ◽  
Prolactin Response ◽  
A Prospective Study

Abstract Introduction: Prolactinomas are the most frequent pituitary-secreting tumors. Medical therapy with cabergoline (CAB), a dopamine agonist (DA), is the first line treatment, but 10% of prolactinomas are resistant to CAB. Recently, in vitro studies have shown anti-tumoral activity of metformin and other biguanids in human prolactinomas1, which prompted us to investigate that possibility in vivo. Aim: To evaluate the effect of metformin (MET) on Prolactin (PRL) secretion in patients with CAB resistant prolactinomas. Design and Setting: Prospective interventional study in a single referral center. Subjects: Ten patients (7 M; mean age: 44 ± 12y) with CAB resistant (PRL: 148 ± 125ng/ml; range: 38 - 386) prolactinomas (all macroadenomas) and metabolic syndrome on maximally tolerated CAB doses (4.3 ± 1.2 mg/week; range: 2.0-7.0) for ≥ 6 months (45 ± 39mo; range: 6-120). Intervention: Oral extended release metformin (p.o.) was prescribed according to patient’s tolerance (mean dose: 1.3 ± 0.4 g; range: 1.0-2.0). Main Outcome Measurements: Serum PRL (Elecsys, Roche, Indianapolis, USA), body weight (BW), fasting glycemia (FG) and HbA1C were evaluated before and at two time points during metformin treatment (30-60 and 120-180 days). Results: BW, FG, and/or HbA1C reductions were observed in 9/10 patients and mean FG decreased significantly (P=0.04). No significant changes were observed in serum PRL levels during metformin treatment [134 ± 124 ng/ml vs 138 ± 132 ng/ml vs 144 ± 129 ng/ml, before, at 30-60 days and at 120-180 days, respectively (P=0.499, mixed-effects analysis with the Geisser-Greenhouse correction)]. Individually, two patients exhibited a ≥ 50% decrease in PRL levels at a single timepoint (one at 30-60 days, with a further increase at 120-180 days and the other at 120-180 days). Conclusion: Metformin, at usual doses, did not inhibit prolactin secretion in patients with cabergoline-resistant prolactinomas. The discrepancy between our results and in vitro studies is not clear, but may be related to the much higher concentrations of metformin used in vitro1 as compared to the serum concentrations observed in patients during metformin treatment2. References: 1Gao J et al. Metformin inhibits growth and prolactin secretion of pituitary prolactinoma cells and xenografts. J Cell Mol Med. 2018 22:6368-79; 2 Frid A et al. Novel assay of metformin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and varying levels of renal function: clinical recommendations. Diabetes Care 2010 33:1291-3.

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