HEPARIN-RELEASED PLATELET FACTOR 4 (HR-PF4) IN DIABETIC MICR0VAS-CULAR DISEASE

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Boschetti ◽  
A Vicari ◽  
E Cofrancesco ◽  
A Della Volpe ◽  
G Moreo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein C ◽  
Microvascular Disease ◽  
Macrovascular Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Group 2

When heparin is injected i.v. as a bolus, PF4 but not (β-throm boglobulin ((βTG) is released immediately. HR-PF4 is not liberated from platelets but from the endothelial cells of vessels which serve as storage sites. The role of platelet activation in diabetic microvascular disease is still controversial, however there is experimental evidence of vascular injury and hemostatic activation preceding the appearance of microvascular disease. The contradictory results so far obtained in man may be partly attributed to the heterogeneity of the diabetic patients studied. We studied 20 insulin-dependent diabetics (age 21-40) in stable metabolic equilibrium (mean HbAlc=7.6%). 10 without fluoroangiographic evidence of retinopathy (Group l) and 10 with retinopathy (Group 2). None had signs or symptoms of macrovascular disease. The control group consisted of 10 healthy volunteers (age 22-39). No medication except insulin was taken for at least 10 days preceding the study. 12 h before the study all subjects received aspirin 500 mg p.o. Plasma (βTG and PF4 were determined before (basal) and 5,30,90 min after a heparin bolus i.v. (5000 U). Protein C, factor VIIIR:Ag and tissue plasminogen activator were also measured in plasma.

scholarly journals Disturbances of Haemostasis in Diabetes Mellitus

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Fattah ◽  
Mohamed H. Shaheen ◽  
M. Hesham Mahfouz
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetic

Diabetes mellitus is associated with disturbances in haemostasis that could contribute to the development of thrombotic complications.The present study was undertaken to determine the behavior of coagulation variables and fibrinolytic system in diabetes mellitus. Forty five diabetic patients and forty five matched controls were evaluated by doing the following haemostatic parameter, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, coagulation factors assay II, VII, IX, & plasma fibrinogen, ADP-induced platelet aggregation, protein C,a2- antiplasmin, PAI and FDPs. Generally diabetic patients have high levels of fibrinogen,a2- antiplasmin, & PAI and lower level of protein C. Other haemostatic parameters did not show statistically significant difference between diabetic patients and control group. Significantally elevated levels of PAI,a2- antiplasmin together with low protein C level in diabetic patients may result in the disturbance of haemostatic balance favoring thrombotic events. Conclusion: High levels of plasma fibrinogen,a2A- antiplasmin with low plasma protein C activity could lead to a prothrombotic tendency in insulin dependent diabetic patients. Moreover, in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients, the above mentioned parameters together with high levels of ADP-induced platelet aggregation and plasminogen activator inhibitor may increase the risk of thrombotic complications. Obesity can be considered as an additional risk factor for development of thrombosis in diabetic patients.

Protein C Deficiency in Insulin-Dependent Diabetes: A Hyperglycemia-Related Phenomenon

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (01) ◽  
pp. 104-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Ceriello ◽  
Antonio Quatraro ◽  
Patrizia Dello Russo ◽  
Egidio Marchi ◽  
Miriam Barbanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein C ◽  
Insulin Infusion ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Related Phenomenon ◽  
Protein C Deficiency ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetic

SummaryIn 30 insulin-dependent diabetic patients protein C (PC) antigen and PC activity were significantly lower than those of matched control healthy subjects. An inverse correlation between fasting plasma glucose and both PC concentration and activity was present in diabetics, while a direct correlation between PC concentration and PC activity was observed. Induced hyperglycemia in diabetic and normal subjects was able to decrease both PC antigen levels and PC activity, and heparin reversed in part this effect.In diabetic patients euglycemia obtained by insulin infusion restored to normal the depressed PC levels. Heparin did not alter both the basal PC concentration and activity in healthy controls.These data stress the major role of hyperglycemia in determining PC decrease in diabetics, and suggest that PC reduction is probably associated to hyperglycemia-enhanced thrombin formation.

DIABETES MELLITUS: HYPERCOAGULABILITY AID HYPOFIBRIHOLYSIS

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Alava ◽  
L J Garcia Frade ◽  
H de la Calle ◽  
J L Havarro ◽  
L J Creighton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Factor Viii ◽  
Adenine Nucleotides ◽  
Macrovascular Disease ◽  
Threshold Concentration ◽  
Hypercoagulable State ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type I ◽  
Insulin Dependent

A hypercoagulable state has been related to the presence of microvascular and macrovascular disease in Diabetes Mellitus. The aim of this study was to establish when this hypercoagulable state appears and the response of the fibrinolytic system.43 patients (29 males, 14 females, aged 19-73), 28 insulin-dependent (10 of them with micro and/or macrovascular disease), 15 non insulin- dependent (all of them with vascular disease) were studied.Platelet aggregation and adenine nucleotides, plasma and serum thromboxane B2 (TxB2), Factor VIII Coagulant (VIII-C), Factor VIII Related antigen (VIII-RAg), Factor VIII Ristocetin Cofactor (VIII-RCoF), Fibronectin, Tissue Plasminogen Activator (t-PA) and X-Oligomers fibrin fragments were measured.In the diabetic patients maximal aggregation was induced by a threshold concentration of adenosin diphosphate and arachidonic acid lower than in controls (p<0.01 and p<0.05). Diabetic patients also presented elevated platelet ADP and decreased platelet c-AMP. They had higher plasma TxB* levels than the control group.FVIII-C, FVIII-RAg and Fibronectin were increased (p<0.001) both in patients type I and II, with and without vasculopathy. FVIII-RCoF was highly increased in vasculopathy (p<0.001) while was non significant without it.The patients with vasculopathy presented decreased t-PA plasma levels (p<0.05). lo difference in X-Oligomers was found related to controls.These findings suggest: 1) A hypercoagulable state previously to the development of clinical vasculopathy. 2) A decreased fibrinolytic response associated to vasculopathy.

Effects of acute insulin-induced hypoglycaemia on haemostasis, fibrinolysis and haemorheology in insulin-dependent diabetic patients and control subjects

1991 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 525-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Fisher ◽  
J. D. Quin ◽  
A. Rumley ◽  
S. E. Lennie ◽  
M. Small ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Erythrocyte Aggregation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor

1. The effects of acute hypoglycaemia on haemostasis, fibrinolysis, blood viscosity and erythrocyte aggregation were examined after acute insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in six normal male subjects and in six male patients with poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes. In the control subjects hypoglycaemia caused a significant increase in the concentration of von Willebrand factor, with no change in the concentrations of fibrinogen and cross-linked fibrin degradation products. Fibrinolysis was enhanced, as indicated by significant increases in tissue plasminogen activator concentration and the fibrin plate lysis area, with a fall in plasminogen-activator inhibitor activity, suggesting complex formation. Whole-blood and plasma viscosity increased significantly after hypoglycaemia, but there was no significant change in erythrocyte aggregation tendency. 2. In diabetic patients the increase in the concentration of von Willebrand factor was significantly greater than in the control group (analysis of variance, P < 0.02). The basal concentration of tissue plasminogen activator was reduced at 3.7 ± 0.7 mg/l (mean ± sem) in the diabetic group compared with 8.5 ± 1.3 mg/l in the control group (Student's t-test, P < 0.01), but thereafter the increase in response to hypoglycaemia was similar. The changes in the other variables were not significantly different from the changes in the control group. 3. During acute hypoglycaemia in poorly controlled diabetic patients there is promotion of haemostasis with a greater increase in the concentration of von Willebrand factor, which, in association with the increase in viscosity, might reduce perfusion in diabetic microangiopathy, leading to aggravation of the microvascular complications of diabetes.

Effects of erdosteine on cyclosporin-A-induced nephrotoxicity

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 565-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Tutanc ◽  
V Arica ◽  
N Yılmaz ◽  
A Nacar ◽  
I Zararsiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cyclosporin A ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Aim: In cyclosporin-A (CsA)-induced toxicity, oxidative stress has been implicated as a potential responsible mechanism. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the protective role of erdosteine against CsA-induced nephrotoxicity in terms of tissue oxidant/antioxidant parameters and light microscopy in rats. Materials and methods: Wistar albino rats were randomly separated into four groups. Group 1 rats treated with sodium chloride served as the control, group 2 rats were treated with CsA, group 3 with CsA plus erdosteine, and group 4 with erdosteine alone. Animals were killed and blood samples were analyzed for blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Cr), uric acid (UA), total protein (TP), and albumin (ALB) levels. Kidney sections were analyzed for malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, as well as for histopathological changes. Results: In the CsA group, MDA, GSH-Px, BUN, and Cr levels were increased. The TP and ALB levels were decreased. These changes had been improved by erdosteine administration. Other biochemical parameters did not show any significant change. Conclusion: These results indicate that erdosteine produces a protective mechanism against CsA-induced nephrotoxicity and suggest a role of oxidative stress in pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Elabela levels in patients with type 2 diabetes: can it be a marker for diabetic nephropathy?

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 833-840
Author(s):  
Erhan Onalan ◽  
Yusuf Doğan ◽  
Ebru Onalan ◽  
Nevzat Gozel ◽  
Ilay Buran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Urine Albumin ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Group 2

Backround: Elabela (ELA) is a hormone that is secreted at high levels in the kidneys of a healthy adult. This study aims to investigate whether serum ELA levels of patients with Type 2 Diabetes vary with the severity of renal damage. Methods: Our study included 50 healthy control subjects and 100 diabetic patients, who were categorized into groups based on urine albumin/creatinine ratios (ACR). Patients included in the study were assigned to four groups: Group 1 (healthy control), Group 2 (ACR<29mg/g), Group 3 (ACR=30-299 mg/g), and Group 4 (ACR>300 mg/g normal or high serum creatinine). Physical examination findings, demographic characteristics of the study group were recorded, and serum ELA levels and other laboratory parameters were assessed using appropriate methods. Results: The results of the study indicated that ELA levels determined in healthy individuals gradually decreased through stages of normal albuminuria, microalbuminuria, and macroalbuminuria. Moreover, ELA had a significant negative corre- lation with LDL-C (r=-0.201, p=0.014), glucose (r=-0.437, P<0.001), retinopathy (r=-0.222, P=0.006), serum BUN (r=- 0.161, P=0.049), and a positive correlation with eGFR (r=0.250, P=0.002). Conclusions: The fact that ELA levels are higher in healthy individuals compared to diabetic patients without microalbu- minuria, and higher in diabetic patients without microalbuminuria compared to patients with advanced albuminuria and kidney damage, suggests that the ELA level can be an important clinical prognostic variable and even a promising agent for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy patients. Keywords: Elabela, diabetes, diabetic kidney disease, albuminuria.

Evaluate the effectiveness of hypoglycemia after laparoscopic bariatric gastric to treat diabete in non-insulin dependent patients due to obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanh Phúc Bùi
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Banding ◽  
Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding ◽  
Adjustable Gastric Banding ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Insulin Dependent

Tóm tắt Đặt vấn đề: Béo phì là một tình trạng bệnh lý đang gia tăng tại Việt Nam. Phẫu thuật nội soi đặt vòng thắt dạ dày đã được ứng dụng trong điều trị bệnh béo phì. Trong số các người bệnh béo phì có không ít các người bệnh đái đường. Chúng tôi tiến hành thực hiên nghiên cứu này nhằm đánh giá hiệu quả giảm đường huyết sau phẫu thuật nội soi đặt vòng thắt dạ dày điều trị béo phì. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả tiến cứu không có nhóm chứng, theo dõi dọc Kết quả: 22 người bệnh đái tháo đường với BMI trung bình trước mổ là 39.9 được đánh giá đái tháo đường trước và sau mổ với 6 mức độ. Mức độ giảm đường huyết nhiều nhất tại thời điểm 3 tháng sau phẫu thuật. Kết luận: Phẫu thuật nội soi đặt vòng thắt dạ dày không chỉ làm giảm cân nặng mà còn giảm tỷ lệ đái tháo đường ở các người bệnh béo phì. Abstract Introduction: Obesity is a medical condition which has increased in Vietnam. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding has been used in the treatment of this disease in recent years. The study aims at evaluating the results of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding in the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Viet Duc Hospital. Material and Methods: Prospective descriptive study without a control group, vertical survery methods. Results: This retrospective study includes 22 obese diabetic patients with a preoperative BMI of 39.9± 7.8 kg/m2 who underwent gastric banding. A 6-point scoring system graded the level of anti-diabetic therapy. Downgrading reached its maximum at 3 months after operation. Conclusion: Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding is a highly effective method to lose weight as well as decrease diabete rate in obese patients. Keyword: Diabetes, obesity, laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding.

scholarly journals Methylglyoxal-Induced Retinal Angiogenesis in Zebrafish Embryo: A Potential Animal Model of Neovascular Retinopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Li ◽  
Yantao Zhao ◽  
Shengmin Sang ◽  
TinChung Leung
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Fluorescence Signal ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Vegf Signaling ◽  
Vascular Area ◽  
Glycation End Products ◽  
Retinal Angiogenesis

Methylglyoxal (MG) is an intermediate of glucose metabolism and the precursor of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) found in high levels in blood or tissue of diabetic patients. MG and AGEs are thought to play a major role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. In order to determine if zebrafish is valuable to help us understand more about retinopathy, we evaluate if MG induces abnormal vascular change and angiogenesis in zebrafish in a short incubation period. We also used an inhibitor of VEGFR (PTK787) to explore the mechanistic role of VEGF in MG-induced pathogenesis. A transgenic Tg(flk1:GFP) zebrafish line was used, and the embryos were incubated with MG solution and in combination with glucose (to mimic hyperglycemia). Retinal vascular structure visible with fluorescence signal was imaged using fluorescence microscopy. The percentage of vascular area was calculated and found elevated in the MG treatment groups than that in the control group (p<0.01) which indicated increased angiogenesis induced by MG treatment. PTK787 blocked the proangiogenic effects of MG treatment. This study suggests that MG has a potential proangiogenic effect via VEGF signaling in the retina of zebrafish embryos. Therefore, this zebrafish model may be used to study neovascular retinopathy.

Effects of Dietary α-Tocopherol and Polyunsaturated Fats on the Fatty Acid Composition of Platelet Phospholipids and on Blood Coagulation

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Korsan-Bengtsen ◽  
B. Hallgren ◽  
A.-C Teger-Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Platelet Factor ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fats ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The study group was 40 male post myocardial infarction patients 47-57 years old. All the participants were investigated two times with two weeks interval after which they were randomly divided into four groups with 10 subjects in each. Group 1 was given alpha-tocopherol 300 mg/day, group 2 was given alpha tocopherol 300 mg/day and a diet containing extra polyunsaturated fats, group 3 was given extra polyunsaturated fats but no extra alpha-tocopherol and group 4 served as a control group – thus continued their ordinary diet. After three months all participants were again investigated twice with two weeks interval.On the values from all 40 subjects before the start of the dietary regimens linear regression analyses showed that there was a significant correlation between the content of the fatty acid 18 : 0 in the serin cephalin fraction and re calcification time in platelet rich plasma (RPRP), and a negative correlation between 20: 4 and RPRP. There was also a correlation between the ratio 18: 0/20: 4 and RPRP and a negative correlation between 18: 0/20: 4 and platelet factor 3 activity in plasma.In group 2 there was a significant decrease in 18:0 and an increase in 20: 4 in the serin cephalin fraction from platelets after the diet period compared to preexperimental values. Russel’s viper venom clotting time (RVV) decreased significantly in group 1. There was a significant correlation between the decrease in RVV and the increase in plasma alphatocopherol.

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