scholarly journals Indian Society of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care (ISNACC) Position Statement and Advisory for the Practice of Neuroanesthesia during COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (03) ◽  
pp. 118-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Jangra ◽  
Nitin Manohar ◽  
Prasanna U. Bidkar ◽  
Ponniah Vanamoorthy ◽  
Devendra Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Position Statement ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
World Health ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a major health emergency in today’s time. In December 2019, a cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan, China was attributed to a novel coronavirus. The World Health Organization declared it as a pandemic. As the majority of the cases suffering from COVID-19 are mildly symptomatic or asymptomatic, it becomes a great challenge to identify the infected persons in the absence of extensive testing. In the hospital environment, it can infect several other vulnerable patients and healthcare providers, significantly impacting the hospital services. Anesthesiologists are at an increased risk of COVID-19 transmission from the patients, as they are frequently involved in several aerosol-generating procedures. It is not possible to identify asymptomatic COVID-19 patients solely based on history-taking during their first point of contact with the anesthesiologists at the preanesthetic checkup clinic.Most of the neurosurgical conditions are of urgent in nature and cannot be postponed for a longer duration. In view of this, the position statement and practice advisory from the Indian Society of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care (ISNACC) provides guidance to the practice of neuroanesthesia in the present scenario. The advisory has been prepared considering the current disease status of the COVID-19 pandemic, available literature, and consensus from experts in the field of neuroanesthesiology. Since the pandemic is still progressing and the nature of the disease is dynamic, readers are advised to constantly look for updated literature from ISNACC and other neurology and neurosurgical societies.

scholarly journals Techniques of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy—Do We Need to Change Anything?

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
Prakash Zacharias ◽  
Hasim Ahamed
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
World Health ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractNovel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread to different parts of the world and was declared a pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO). Health care workers are at increased risk of contracting the disease due to their nature of work and close contact with the patients. Staff in endoscopy need to be aware of this risk due to the aerosol-generating nature of procedures and the presence of virus particles in stool samples of infected persons. The risk of asymptomatic patients spreading the disease is also a cause for concern. This article intends to provide guidance and recommendations for techniques and practice of gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy to prevent infection in endoscopy unit.

Face Mask as a Tool to Prevent the Coronavirus Disease 2019: The Importance and Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzaneh Barati ◽  
Fakhrisadat Hosseini ◽  
Faezeh Habibi Moghadam ◽  
Samin Abbasi Dezfouli
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Approved Drugs ◽  
And Control

Context: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in China in December 2019 and rapidly became a global epidemic. Respiratory droplets are the main transmission route, and no approved drugs or vaccines have been reported so far. Therefore, prevention is considered essential to the control of this pandemic. Masks are personal protective equipment, which play a key role in the prevention process. The World Health Organization (WHO), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) have emphasized on the use of masks by healthcare providers, patients, and caregivers. Evidence Acquisition: This review study was conducted by searching in Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and WHO library databases using specific search terms. Only the articles and other secondary sources published in English were selected and reviewed. Results: 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is smaller than the pore size of all types of available masks. In addition, the issue of limited hospital resources (e.g., masks during pandemics) requires special attention, while the produced mask garbage during the pandemic is another crucial issue. Efforts have been made to address these three critical challenges. Conclusions: We reviewed various types of masks and investigated the ability of each to prevent COVID-19, as well as the solutions for the issues associated with using the masks that provide insufficient protection against the 2019-nCoV, mask shortage, and mask garbage. Despite the deficient protective power of the available masks, these tools could delay the progression of COVID-19 effectively owing to mask flow resistance and virus spread via droplets.

scholarly journals Principles of Care for Patients with Liver Disease During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic: Position Statement of the Saudi Association for the Study of Liver Disease and Transplantation

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleh A. Alqahtani ◽  
Abdulrahman A. Aljumah ◽  
Almoutaz Hashim ◽  
Thamer H. Alenazi ◽  
Mohammed AlJawad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Position Statement ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Regular Care ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACT In December 2019, a novel coronavirus was identified in patients in Wuhan, China. The virus, subsequently named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, spread worldwide and the disease (coronavirus disease 2019 or COVID-19) was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. Older adults and individuals with comorbidities have been reported as being more vulnerable to COVID-19. Patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) have compromised immune function due to cirrhosis and are more susceptible to infection. However, it is unclear if patients with CLD are more vulnerable to COVID-19 and its complications than other populations. The high number of severe cases of COVID-19 has placed an unusual burden on health systems, compromising their capacity to provide the regular care that patients with CLD require. Hence, it is incredibly crucial at this juncture to provide a set of interim recommendations on the management of patients with CLD during the current COVID-19 outbreak.

scholarly journals Atypical Presentations among Older Adults with COVID-19 Disease: A Need for Broadening the Differential Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 233372142199931
Author(s):  
Ugochi Ohuabunwa ◽  
Joyce Turner ◽  
Ted Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
World Health ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Atypical Presentations ◽  
Current Guidelines

Typical presenting symptoms of COVID-19 have been reported to be common in older adults. Current guidelines by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Centers for Disease Control (CDC) for testing and diagnosis are based on the presence of these typical symptoms. Several older adults seen at our hospital have presented atypically with symptoms such as delirium, falls, increasing the need for attention to diagnostic protocols since this has significant implications for early detection and patient outcomes, infection control and promotion of safety among healthcare providers. With the increased risk of fatality among older adults with COVID-19, appropriate diagnostic protocols are needed to ensure early diagnosis and management. Recognizing these atypical presentations in nursing homes would also facilitate early screening and cohorting in these congregate living facilities where older adults have had disproportionately high morbidity and mortality rates. We present two patients who presented with delirium and falls, found to have COVID-19 infection.

scholarly journals Alarming Symptoms Leading To Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiping Ji ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Gautam Bishnu ◽  
Xudong Du ◽  
Xinxin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
World Health ◽  
Circulatory Support ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background: To identify alarming symptoms that could potentially lead to severe form of COVID-19 pneumonia (i.e. novel coronavirus pneumonia: NCP), a disease that is now having pandemic spread.Methods: Articles from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane database and Google up to 24 February 2020 were systematically reviewed. 18 publications that had documented cases of COVID-19 pneumonia were identified. The relevant data were extracted, systematically reviewed and further evaluated using meta-analysis. We define severe COVID-19 pneumonia as the disease status that requires admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and respiratory/circulatory support, which is in align with the guideline from the World Health Organization (WHO).Results: 14 studies including 1,424 patients were considered eligible and analyzed. Symptoms such as fever (89.2%), cough (67.2%), fatigue (43.6%) were quite common; but dizziness, hemoptysis, abdominal pain and conjunctival congestion/conjunctivitis were relatively rare. The incidence of dyspnea was significantly higher in patients with severe than non-severe COVID-19 pneumonia (42.7% vs.16.3%, p<0.0001). Similarly, fever and diarrhea were also drastically more common in patients with severe form (p=0.0374 and 0.0267). Further meta-analysis using three high-quality China-based studies confirmed such findings and showed that dyspnea, fever and diarrhea were 3.53 (OR: 3.53, 95%CI: 1.95-6.38), 1.70 (OR: 1.70, 95%CI: 1.01-2.87), and 1.80 (OR: 1.80, 95%CI: 1.06-3.03) folds higher respectively in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia.Conclusion: Dyspnea, fever and diarrhea are significantly more prevalent in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia, suggesting they are alarming symptoms that warrant close attention and timely management.

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics and Laboratory Findings in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-2019) Infected Cancer Patients and Chemotherapeutic Medicines against COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-373
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Chrysanthakopoulos ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
World Health ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Oncological Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

In December 2019 in Wuhan, China, the World Health Organization (WHO) declares that a severe pandemic of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was emerged and was spread rapidly resulted in dramatic global economic and health implications. The novel coronavirus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for a severe inflammatory reaction and clinically severe complications, although the majority of the infected individuals had mild symptoms and favorable prognosis after recovery. However, cancer patients are a high-risk group as are already susceptible to COVID-19 infection due to their underlying disease and their immunosuppression. Moreover, cancer patients are at increased risk of developing clinically severe complications in case of COVID-19 infection such as, Intensive Care Unit admission, required mechanical ventilation or even death. Another aggravating factor for oncological patients, during that pandemic crisis is the risk of postponing cancer treatment. The present review presents the clinical characteristics accompanied by the corresponding laboratory findings in COVID-19 infected cancer patients and the possible therapeutic role of some known chemo-therapeutic agents based on the recent observations of the International literature.

scholarly journals Engaging healthcare providers and patients on climate action through physical, emotional and social wellness

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-9
Author(s):  
Minna Allarakhia
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sustainable Living ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Climate Action ◽  
Health Organization

According to the World Health Organization, the health challenges from climate change are many and varied including: Malnutrition due to lack of quality food access. Mental health challenges in addition to severe socioeconomic challenges, through the loss of homes, jobs and needed social connections due to extreme events. Acute illness and the risk of water-borne diseases associated with lack of access to clean water. The increased risk of vector-borne diseases with warmer temperatures. Chronic illnesses associated with heat stress and pollution. Death from cardiovascular and respiratory disease, particularly among vulnerable people as temperatures rise to extreme levels. Both healthcare providers and patients must be engaged on climate change and action. While several medical training institutions are exploring opportunities to embed climate change and health education into their curricula, of importance are the holistic strategies to engage patients on climate action. The challenges are complex, and the data is overwhelming. Patients may not fully comprehend the personal implications of climate change and as citizens, may not understand their role in climate action. We suggest through the creation of a sustainable living mindset based on wellness, it is possible for healthcare providers to create a personal and emotional connection to climate action. The results from workshops with older adults are shared in this paper, demonstrating how the link to physical, emotional and social wellness, can encourage behavior change with respect to dietary and consumption practices as well as increased connection to and protection of greenspaces for health and well-being.  

Current updates on COVID-19 - A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ghotekar D S ◽  
Vishal N Kushare ◽  
Sagar V Ghotekar
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Hubei Province ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

Coronaviruses are a family of viruses that cause illness such as respiratory diseases or gastrointestinal diseases. Respiratory diseases can range from the common cold to more severe diseases. A novel coronavirus outbreak was first documented in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China in December 2019. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic. A global coordinated effort is needed to stop the further spread of the virus. A novel coronavirus (nCoV) is a new strain that has not been identified in humans previously. Once scientists determine exactly what coronavirus it is, they give it a name (as in the case of COVID-19, the virus causing it is SARS-CoV-2).

An approach to the understanding of the clinical-etiopathological aspect of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 862-869
Author(s):  
Meena Kumari ◽  
Monika Agrawal ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Parameswarappa S Byadgi
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Therapy Assessment ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
The World ◽  
Polarized Epithelia ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Currently, the world is facing a health and socioeconomic crisis caused by the novel coronavirus disease COVID-19. On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared this disease as a pandemic. The condition (COVID-19) is an infectious disorder triggered by a newly discovered severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2. Most of the COVID-19 infected patients will experience mild to moderate respiratory symptoms and recover without any unique therapy. Assessment of the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 cases suggests the infected patients will not be contagious until the onset of severe symptoms and affects the other organs. Well-differentiated cells of apical airway epithelia communicating with ACE2 were promptly infected to SARS-CoV-2 virus. But the expression of ACE 2 in poorly differentiated epithelia facilitated SARS spike (S) protein-pseudo typed virus entry and it is replicated in polarized epithelia and especially exited via the apical surface. Limiting the transmission of COVID-19 infection & its prevention can be regarded as a hierarchy of controls. In this article, we briefly discuss the most recent advances in respect to aetiology, pathogenesis and clinical progression of the disease COVID-19.

Myths about COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 907-912
Author(s):  
Deepika Masurkar ◽  
Priyanka Jaiswal
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Common People ◽  
The World ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Media ◽  
Personal Level ◽  
Novel Virus ◽  
The Common ◽  
Health Organization

Recently at the end of 2019, a new disease was found in Wuhan, China. This disease was diagnosed to be caused by a new type of coronavirus and affected almost the whole world. Chinese researchers named this novel virus as 2019-nCov or Wuhan-coronavirus. However, to avoid misunderstanding the World Health Organization noises it as COVID-19 virus when interacting with the media COVID-19 is new globally as well as in India. This has disturbed peoples mind. There are various rumours about the coronavirus in Indian society which causes panic in peoples mind. It is the need of society to know myths and facts about coronavirus to reduce the panic and take the proper precautionary actions for our safety against the coronavirus. Thus this article aims to bust myths and present the facts to the common people. We need to verify myths spreading through social media and keep our self-ready with facts so that we can protect our self in a better way. People must prevent COVID 19 at a personal level. Appropriate action in individual communities and countries can benefit the entire world.

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