Merging Two Hospitals: The Effects on Pediatric Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Anderson de la Llana ◽  
Renate Le Marsney ◽  
Kristen Gibbons ◽  
Benjamin Anderson ◽  
Emma Haisz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Initial Time ◽  
Nonsignificant Trend ◽  
Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Neurocognitive Outcomes ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA retrospective study was performed to describe the impact of merging two pediatric intensive care units on the overall and neurocognitive outcomes of children who required extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR). Results from three cohorts were compared: 2008 to 2014: premerge, 2014 to 2017: initial time period postmerge, and 2018 to 2019: established merge. Survival to hospital discharge (and with good neurological outcome) was of 68% (61%), 46% (36%), and 79% (71%), respectively, for the three time periods. Merging two hospitals resulted in a nonsignificant trend toward temporary worse outcomes in pediatric patients requiring ECPR.

scholarly journals Lactate Clearance Predicts Good Neurological Outcomes in Cardiac Arrest Patients Treated with Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Jung ◽  
Sandra Bueter ◽  
Bernhard Wernly ◽  
Maryna Masyuk ◽  
Diyar Saeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Lactate Clearance ◽  
Serum Lactate ◽  
Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Neurological Outcomes ◽  
Baseline Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

Background: We evaluated critically ill patients undergoing extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) due to cardiac arrest (CA) with respect to baseline characteristics and laboratory assessments, including lactate and lactate clearance for prognostic relevance. Methods: The primary endpoint was 30-day mortality. The impact on 30-day mortality was assessed by uni- and multivariable Cox regression analyses. Neurological outcome assessed by Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) was pooled into two groups: scores of 1–3 (bad GOS score) and scores of 4–5 (good GOS score). Results: A total of 93 patients were included in the study. Serum lactate concentration (hazard ratio (HR) 1.09; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04–1.13; p < 0.001), hemoglobin, (Hb; HR 0.87; 95% CI 0.79–0.96; p = 0.004), and catecholamine use were associated with 30-day-mortality. In a multivariable model, only lactate clearance (after 6 h; OR 0.97; 95% CI 0.94–0.997; p = 0.03) was associated with a good GOS score. The optimal cut-off of lactate clearance at 6 h for the prediction of a bad GOS score was at ≤13%. Patients with a lactate clearance at 6 h ≤13% evidenced higher rates of bad GOS scores (97% vs. 73%; p = 0.01). Conclusions: Whereas lactate clearance does not predict mortality, it was the sole predictor of good neurological outcomes and might therefore guide clinicians when to stop ECPR.

scholarly journals Pediatric Long-Term Endotracheal Intubation and Role for Tracheostomy: Patient and Provider Factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 078-082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kassi Ackerman ◽  
Taylor Saley ◽  
Nasir Mushtaq ◽  
Timothy Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Intubation Time ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Illness Category ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Provider Surveys

AbstractTracheostomy provides an alternative to long-term intubation in patients with respiratory failure, but there is little guidance for its use in pediatric patients. Our study used provider surveys of pediatric intensive care physicians managing patients intubated longer than 14 days to evaluate accuracy of physician estimates for total intubation time and the impact of medical history and illness category on determining tracheostomy placement. Providers' ability to estimate length of intubation was found to be highly inaccurate. With delayed tracheostomy conferring increased risk and mortality, better recommendations regarding indication and timing of pediatric tracheostomy placement are needed.

Neonatal Kawasaki syndrome presenting as out of hospital cardiac arrest rescued by extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Perfusion ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-88
Author(s):  
Marguerite Tyson ◽  
Ala Mustafa ◽  
Prem Venugopal ◽  
Ben Whitehead ◽  
Ben Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Extracorporeal Life Support ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Kawasaki Syndrome ◽  
Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Diagnostic Uncertainty ◽  
Local Emergency Department

A 7-week-old girl presented in severe shock to a local emergency department. During transfer to the quaternary pediatric hospital, the child had a cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation was commenced en route. Upon arrival to the pediatric intensive care unit, extracorporeal life support was initiated via trans-sternal cannulation. Chest CT performed after extracorporeal life support cannulation, demonstrated widespread aneurysms and a diagnosis of Kawasaki disease was made. Immunomodulatory therapy with immunoglobulin and glucocorticoid medication was commenced and the child was separated from extracorporeal life support after 48 hours. Our case highlights both an unusual presentation of Kawasaki disease and the role extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation can play in the treatment of this disease. It describes the youngest reported patient in the literature with Kawasaki disease rescued by extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation and highlights how extracorporeal life support therapy can facilitate appropriate investigations to resolve diagnostic uncertainty and treat the underlying condition.

Medication Error Prevention by Clinical Pharmacists in Two Children's Hospitals

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 718-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo L. Folli ◽  
Robert L. Poole ◽  
William E. Benitz ◽  
Janita C. Russo
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Pharmacist Intervention ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Error Prevention ◽  
Potential Harm ◽  
Physician Group ◽  
Pediatric Hospitals ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Medication Error Prevention

The purpose of this study was to record prospectively the frequency of and potential harm caused by errant medication orders at two large pediatric hospitals. The objective of the study was to assess the impact of pharmacist intervention in preventing potential harm. The study was conducted during a 6-month period. A total of 281 and 198 errors were detected at the institutions. The overall error rates for the two hospitals were 1.35 and 1.77 per 100-patient days, and 4.9 and 4.5 per 1,000 medication orders, respectively. Pediatric patients aged 2 years and less and pediatric intensive care unit patients received the greatest proportion of errant orders. Neonatal patients received the lowest rate of errant orders. The most common type of error was incorrect dosage, and the most prevalent type of error was overdosage. Antibiotics was the class of drugs for which errant orders were most common. Orders for theophylline, analgesics, and fluid and electrolytes, including hyperalimentation, were also frequently in error. In general, the error rate was greatest among physicians with the least training, but no physician group was error free. Involving pharmacists in reviewing drug orders significantly reduced the potential harm resulting from errant medication orders.

Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (ECPR) in Infants and Children: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 582-589
Author(s):  
Aqsa Shakoor ◽  
Felipe E. Pedroso ◽  
Shimon E. Jacobs ◽  
Shunpei Okochi ◽  
Ariela Zenilman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Neurologic Injury ◽  
Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Thrombotic Complications ◽  
Baseline Characteristics

Background: Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) is increasingly used to rescue patients with cardiac arrest refractory to conventional therapy, necessitating evaluation of factors that may affect outcomes. Methods: A single-center retrospective review of pediatric patients (<21 years old) who underwent ECPR from January 2010 to November 2017. Comparisons between nonsurvivors and survivors, to decannulation and discharge, were made. Factors associated with survival and rate of complications were examined. Results: Seventy patients were supported with ECPR. Forty-nine (70%) patients survived to decannulation and 38 (54%) patients to discharge. There was no statistical difference between baseline characteristics of survivors and nonsurvivors, including age at cannulation, weight (kg), time to cannulation (minutes), and total time on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (hours). Survivors to discharge had significantly higher pH prior to cannulation compared to nonsurvivors (7.11 ± 0.24 vs 6.97 ± 0.21, P = .01). Of all, 23.2% of patients received renal replacement therapy (RRT), 39.4% had significant bleeding, 22.5% had thrombotic complications, and 68.8% had neurologic injury on imaging studies. A greater number of nonsurvivors received RRT compared to survivors to discharge (35.5% vs 10.8%, P = .02). There were no differences in bleeding or thrombotic complications or radiographically established neurologic injury. Conclusions: Although ECPR effectively increases overall survival, a better characterization of long-term outcomes is needed.

Rethinking Physiologic Stability: Touch and Intracranial Pressure

1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela H. Mitchell ◽  
Barbara Habermann
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this research was to examine the contingent nature of physiologic stability with respect to the impact of nursing and parental care touch on intracranial pressure (ICP) in children. Data were reanalyzed from those previously collected in eight children in a pediatric intensive care unit who had intracranial hypertension from a variety of causes and whose ICP was invasively monitored. One hundred forty-nine clusters of spontaneous touch/talking were available for analysis after those occurring close in time to procedures and drugs affecting ICP were dropped. Twenty-three episodes of investigator touch (without talking) were also analyzed. ICP stability was defined as any tracing over a defined time period in which the peak-to-trough amplitude did not exceed twice the calculated resting variability. Such an approach allowed classification and counting of stable versus unstable baselines, and stable versus unstable responses to touch. Therefore, ICP stability was examined by comparing the stability of the ICP tracing the last minute prior to a cluster of nonprocedural touch (baseline) with the first minute after the cluster. Clusters of spontaneous touch were nearly always associated with talking to the child and rarely were followed by change in level of ICP greater than that child’s ICP variability at rest. Investigator stroking without talking never was followed by a significant change in level of ICP. There was a contingent relationship between stability of the ICP tracing prior to a cluster of touching/talking such that the probability of ICP becoming more stable when the touch/talk occurred on an unstable baseline was twice that of touch/talk occurring on an stable baseline.

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Pediatric Cardiac Arrest

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennie Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
The Impact

Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) remains a promising treatment for pediatric patients in cardiac arrest unresponsive to traditional cardiopulmonary resuscitation. With venoarterial extracorporeal support, blood is drained from the right atrium, oxygenated through the extracorporeal circuit, and transfused back to the body, bypassing the heart and lungs. The use of artificial oxygenation and perfusion thus provides the body a period of hemodynamic stability, while allowing resolution of underlying disease processes. Survival rates for ECPR patients are higher than those for traditional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), although neurological outcomes require further investigation. The impact of duration of CPR and length of treatment with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation vary in published reports. Furthermore, current guidelines for the initiation and use of ECPR are limited and may lead to confusion about appropriate use of this support. Many ethical concerns arise with this advanced form of life support. More often than not, the dilemma is not whether to withhold ECPR, but rather when to withdraw it. Although clinicians must decide if ECPR is appropriate and when further intervention is futile, the ultimate burden of choice is left to the patient’s caregivers. Offering support and guidance to the patient’s family as well as the patient is essential.

scholarly journals 1344. Impact of Pharmacist-Physician Team on Antimicrobial Utilization at a Pediatric Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S683-S683
Author(s):  
Julia Sapozhnikov ◽  
Marisol Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Hospital ◽  
Antimicrobial Utilization ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Days Of Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Central Texas ◽  
Successful Approach ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Physician Team

Abstract Background “Handshake stewardship” is now considered a leading practice in antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) by The Joint Commission. This study aims to evaluate the impact of a pharmacist-led and physician-pharmacist led handshake stewardship method on antimicrobial utilization at a pediatric hospital. Methods This was a single-center, retrospective quality improvement study at a teaching children’s hospital in central Texas. We retrospectively measured hospital-wide antimicrobial utilization from June 2015 to May 2020. We compared the time periods with an ID pharmacist participating in handshake stewardship ([A] July 2012 to April 2015,[B] May 2015 to May 2018 and [D] August 2019 to May 2020) and without an ID pharmacist ([C] June 2018 to July 2019). We also compared time periods with only an ID pharmacist led ASP [A] compared to a physician-pharmacist led ASP [B].The primary endpoint was days of therapy per 1,000 patient days (DOT/1000 PD). Table 1. Overall Antimicrobial Utilization During Changes in ASP Structure Results Antimicrobial utilization during pharmacist-led ASP [A] was significantly higher than during the pharmacist-physician led ASP time period [B] (95% CI, 68.8-76.8; P=0.001). No significant difference was observed for mean hospital-wide antimicrobial, meropenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, or cefepime DOT/1000 PD from period [B] to [C]. However, the increase in mean DOT/1000 PD during these time periods was statistically significant for ceftriaxone (95% CI, 6.3-23.9; P=0.001) and vancomycin (95% CI, 1.2-18.1; P=0.03). For time period [C] to [D], there was a statistically significant reduction in mean DOT/1000 PD seen in overall antimicrobial use (95% CI, 156.9-313.6; P&lt; 0.0001). Statistically significant decreases in DOT/1000 patient days were also seen for cefepime (95% CI, 11.4-36.4; P&lt; 0.0007), ceftriaxone (95% CI, 5.0-24.8; P=0.005), and vancomycin (95% CI, 6.1-23.1; P=0.002). No difference was seen for piperacillin-tazobactam or meropenem DOT from [C] to [D]. Figure 1. Hospital-Wide Monthly Days of Therapy per 1000 Patient Days Conclusion Active engagement with frontline providers via handshake stewardship offers a more successful approach to decreasing antimicrobial utilization. A greater reduction in overall antimicrobial utilization was seen when the ASP was led by a pharmacist-physician team compared to when it was pharmacist-led without a physician champion. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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