Increased Leiden mutation and decreased serum levels of vitamin A and zeaxantin in patients with oesophageal, gastric, liver, pancreatic and colorectal cancers

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the serum levels of various antioxidants, namely, vitamin A and E, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the cord blood of term low birth weight (LBW) neonates who required delivery room resuscitation (DRR). Materials and Methods: This case control study included 37 term LBW neonates who needed DRR as cases and 44 term neonates as controls (15 term LBW and 29 term normal birth weight) who did not require resuscitation at birth. Neonates suffering from major congenital malformations, infection, or hemolytic disease were excluded. Standard methods were used to measure the levels of vitamin A, vitamin E, SOD, catalase, and GPx levels in the cord blood. Results: Vitamin A and E levels were significantly low in cases compared to term LBW controls as well as term normal birth weight controls. Levels of SOD, GPx, and catalase were comparable in different study groups. Conclusion: Our study shows that term LBW neonates requiring DRR had significantly low levels of vitamin A and E in their cord blood. This might compromise their ability to tolerate oxidative stress during DRR.

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Decreased Cysteine and Glutathione Levels: Possible Determinants of Liver Toxicity Risk in Ghanaian Subjects

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/030006059402200306 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 171-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

N-A Ankrah ◽

T Rikimaru ◽

F A Ekuban ◽

M M Addae

Keyword(s):

Vitamin A ◽

Liver Toxicity ◽

Malonic Dialdehyde ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Blood Levels ◽

Liver Inflammation ◽

Body Tissues ◽

Group 2 ◽

Β Carotene ◽

Group 1

Cysteine, methionine, vitamin A, β-carotene and glutathione (GSH) are known to protect body tissues against oxidative damage and inflammation but their value as protection against liver inflammation in tropical areas has received little attention. Blood levels of these nutrients were measured in Ghanaian volunteers with (Group 2) or without (Group 1) increased lipid peroxidation and signs of liver inflammation, as indicated by blood malonic dialdehyde, serum α1-antitrypsin and triglyceride levels, and the α1-acid glycoprotein: pre-albumin ratio. Serum levels of cysteine and blood glutathione were significantly lower ( P < 0.02) in group 2 than in group 1 volunteers. In contrast, serum levels of methionine, vitamin A and β-carotene were similar in both groups. Deficits in cysteine and glutathione may increase the risk of liver toxicity from oxidants in Ghanaians.

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Vitamin A Supplementation and Measles

Pediatrics in Review ◽

10.1542/pir.16.9.358 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. 358-359

Author(s):

Glenn J. Fennelly

Keyword(s):

Vitamin A ◽

Acute Phase ◽

Vitamin A Deficiency ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Serum Retinol ◽

Vitamin A Supplementation

Vitamin A deficiency resulting from inadequate intake or induced by infection is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Measles, the major single infectious cause of mortality in children worldwide, is more severe in children who have preexisting vitamin A deficiency. Several recent studies suggest that: 1) measles is associated with depressed serum levels of vitamin A; 2) hyporetinemia, defined as a serum retinol of less than 0.7 µmol/L, is associated with increased mortality from measles, especially in children younger than 2 years of age; and 3) vitamin A will decrease the risk of complications and death when administered during the acute phase of illness (within 5 days of the onset of rash).

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Association of dietary consumption and serum levels of vitamin A and β-carotene with bone mineral density in Chinese adults

Bone ◽

10.1016/j.bone.2015.05.028 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 79 ◽

pp. 110-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Geng-dong Chen ◽

Ying-Ying Zhu ◽

Yi Cao ◽

Jun Liu ◽

Wen-qi Shi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Chinese Adults ◽

Dietary Consumption ◽

Β Carotene

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Serum YKL-40 Levels in Patients with Gastric Cancer

Biomarkers in Cancer ◽

10.4137/bic.s7154 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. BIC.S7154 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Veyis Itik ◽

Ozgur Kemik ◽

Ahu Kemik ◽

A. Cumhur Dulger ◽

Aziz Sümer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Colorectal Cancers ◽

Healthy Population ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Future Studies ◽

Male Patients

Aims and background YKL-40 is secreted by several types of tumors. Increased serum YKL-40 levels have been reported in prostate, glioblastoma, breast and colorectal cancers. Determination of YKL-40 levels may serve as a valuable biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine the serum YKL-40 levels expressed in gastric carcinomas. Methods Between 2009 and 2011, we retrospectively reviewed 100 patients with gastric cancer and compared their serum samples to 75 healthy volunteers. YKL-40 levels were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results We found significantly higher serum levels of YKL-40 in patients with gastric cancer compared to the healthy population ( P < 0.0001). We also found significant differences in serum YKL-40 levels between female and male patients with gastric cancer ( P < 0.01). Conclusions YKL-40 is over-expressed in gastric cancer, suggesting a more aggressive phenotype. YKL-40 may be a useful serum biomarker for gastric cancer identification, and future studies should focus on the role of YKL-40 in the tumorigenesis of gastric cancer and responsiveness toward treatment.

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Fat-soluble vitamins A and E and health disparities in a cohort of pregnant women at delivery

Journal of Nutritional Science ◽

10.1017/jns.2018.5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Corrine Hanson ◽

Marina Verdi Schumacher ◽

Elizabeth Lyden ◽

Dejun Su ◽

Jeremy Furtado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Disparities ◽

Food Security ◽

Health Insurance ◽

Vitamin E ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Food Desert ◽

Health Concern ◽

Lower Serum

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to evaluate intakes and serum levels of vitamin A, vitamin E, and related compounds in a cohort of maternal–infant pairs in the Midwestern USA in relation to measures of health disparities. Concentrations of carotenoids and tocopherols in maternal serum were measured using HPLC and measures of socio-economic status, including food security and food desert residence, were obtained in 180 mothers upon admission to a Midwestern Academic Medical Center labour and delivery unit. The Kruskal–Wallis and independent-samples t tests were used to compare measures between groups; logistic regression models were used to adjust for relevant confounders. P < 0·05 was considered statistically significant. The odds of vitamin A insufficiency/deficiency were 2·17 times higher for non-whites when compared with whites (95 % CI 1·16, 4·05; P = 0·01) after adjustment for relevant confounders. Similarly, the odds of being vitamin E deficient were 3·52 times higher for non-whites (95 % CI 1·51, 8·10; P = 0·003). Those with public health insurance had lower serum lutein concentrations compared with those with private health insurance (P = 0·05), and living in a food desert was associated with lower serum concentrations of β-carotene (P = 0·02), after adjustment for confounders. Subjects with low/marginal food security had higher serum levels of lutein and β-cryptoxanthin compared with those with high food security (P = 0·004 and 0·02 for lutein and β-cryptoxanthin). Diet quality may be a public health concern in economically disadvantaged populations of industrialised societies leading to nutritional disadvantages as well.

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Micronutrients and Infection with COVID-19: A Critical Mini-Review

Critical Comments in Biomedicine ◽

10.18502/ccb.v2i1.5868 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zahra Yaghtin ◽

Richard Webb ◽

Sayyed Saeid Khayyatzadeh

Keyword(s):

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

Micronutrient Intake ◽

Severity Of The Disease ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship ◽

Low Serum

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been the cause of a global pandemic. Given the impact of nutritional status upon immune function, it is crucial to understand the relationship between micronutrient intake and severity of the disease. This mini-review aimed to summarize the known associations between specific micronutrients (vitamin A, D, E, C and zinc, selenium and magnesium) and the health of coronavirus-infected patients. Low serum levels of these micronutrients are associated with the incidence and severity of SARS-CoV-2. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the outcomes of supplementation with these nutrients.

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Phase I/II trial of tamoxifen with or without fenretinide, an analog of vitamin A, in women with metastatic breast cancer.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.1993.11.3.474 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 474-477 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

M A Cobleigh ◽

K Dowlatshahi ◽

T A Deutsch ◽

R G Mehta ◽

R C Moon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Phase I ◽

Mammary Cancer ◽

Metastatic Breast ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Phase Iii ◽

Antitumor Effects ◽

Er Positive

PURPOSE Considerable attention has been focused on the chemopreventive properties of fenretinide against carcinogen-induced rodent mammary cancer. Less is known about its direct antitumor effects. The combination of tamoxifen and fenretinide is more effective than tamoxifen or fenretinide alone in prevention of rat mammary cancer. However, the combined toxicity of tamoxifen plus fenretinide in humans is unknown. Therefore, we performed a phase I/II trial in women with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive or progesterone receptor (PR)-positive, previously untreated metastatic breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Groups of three patients received tamoxifen 20 mg/d, or tamoxifen plus fenretinide 100, 200, 300, or 400 mg/d. Patients who received fenretinide enjoyed a 3-day "drug holiday" every 4 weeks. Serum levels of fenretinide and its major metabolites were monitored. Patients were monitored for known toxicities of tamoxifen and vitamin A analogs, as well as for response. RESULTS There were no significant adverse effects on renal, hepatic, hematologic, or lipid values. Nyctalopia, photophobia, cheilitis, and pruritus were not observed. Improvement or stabilization of disease occurred in 12 of 15 patients. CONCLUSION We conclude that tamoxifen administered with fenretinide is nontoxic. Phase III trials of tamoxifen versus tamoxifen plus fenretinide are warranted.

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