Biological Maturation, Body Composition, and Growth of Female Gymnasts and Control Groups of Schoolgirls and Girl Swimmers, Aged 8 to 14 Years: A Cross-Sectional Survey of 1064 Girls

1984 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Peltenburg ◽  
W. Erich ◽  
M. Bernink ◽  
M. Zonderland ◽  
I. Huisveld
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Biological Maturation ◽  
Female Gymnasts ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Survey of Personal Hygiene Positive Behavior Related to COVID-19 Prevention and Control among Indonesian Communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Fatma Lestari ◽  
Abdul Kadir ◽  
Muhammad Idham ◽  
Fahrul Azwar ◽  
Ganis Ramadhany ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Positive Behavior ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Council ◽  
And Control

People’s behaviors can affect the spread of the COVID-19 virus. Public behaviors, including proper personal hygiene and healthy life practices, the use of appropriate masks, and the application of good disinfectants, have an important role in human health and protection towards prevention and control of COVID-19 spread. This study aims to perform a survey of public behavior and best practices related to COVID-19 prevention and control among Indonesian communities. A cross-sectional study was designed to collect information using an online survey. Respondents were gathered from 34 provinces in Indonesia through the Indonesia National Safety and Health Council network and Universities network. Respondents voluntarily submitted their response to a predesigned online questionnaire. The collected data was then analyzed using SPSS 24.0. A total of 771 respondent subjects (male 386; female 385) were recruited. The results show that 96% of participants implement positive behavior of personal hygiene, including wearing a mask when going outside their house, and almost 67.3% of respondents sprayed a disinfectant in their house. The majority of participants hold a door handle (37.2%) and desk (28.1%) at a frequency of more than six times a day. There were 8.2% of participants implementing good personal hygiene, including hand-washing at least once a day and maximum of more than six times after going to the toilet. At-risk behaviors were conducted by respondents in which they touched part of their face at a frequency of once during an hour. It was identified that males are less likely to perform better hand hygiene as opposed to females. In conclusion, the study showed that positive behavior of personal hygiene related to COVID-19 has been implemented among Indonesian communities. This result suggests that positive behavior based on community-based prevention and control needs to be continually maintained in order to prevent and control COVID-19 spread.

scholarly journals Dysbiosis of Gut Microbiota and Its Relationship with the Regulatory T Cells in Patients with Aplastic Anemia 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengxiao Ren ◽  
Yongqin Ge ◽  
Jindan Qi ◽  
Shengli Xue ◽  
Miao Miao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Aplastic Anemia ◽  
Treg Cell ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Treg Cells ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
And Control ◽  
Healthy Participants

Abstract Background: The characteristics of gut microbiota (GM) and its relationship with the Regulatory T Cells (Treg) remains unclear in patients with aplastic anemia (AA). Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey which included 12 AA patients consisted of 6 with severity aplastic anemia (SAA) and 6 with non-severity aplastic anemia (NSAA) and 6 healthy participants. The GM and its relationship with the Treg cells of AA patients were analyzed. Results: The results showed that the presence of compositional differences in the GM structure between the AA and Control groups. The bacterial communities were depleted of Clostridia class (e.g., Lachnospiraceae ND3007, Lachnospiraceae XPB1014, Lachnolostridium, Ruminococcaceae UCG 013 and Butyricicoccus genus) in AA group, especially in SAA group. Inversely, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Streptococcus genus from Bacilli class were increased significantly in patients with SAA. The relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae (r=0.663, p=0.029), Clostridiaceae 1 (r=0.619, p=0.042) and Clostridiales vadinBB60 group family (r=0.674, p=0.023) which from Clostridia class, were positively correlated with the Treg cell counts. Conclusion: We speculated that the decrease of some bacteria from Clostridia class may participate in the pathophysiological process of AA through reducing the Treg cell counts. Notwithstanding the low sample size, our data provided some clues that the treatment strategy of AA could start by adjusting the imbalance of GM, increasing Treg cell counts to improve the suppression of bone marrow hematopoiesis.

scholarly journals Human Milk output among mothers previously treated for severe acute malnutrition in childhood in Democratic Republic of Congo

BMC Nutrition ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Chimanuka Murhima’Alika ◽  
Ghislain Maheshe Balemba ◽  
Pacifique Mwene-Batu Lyabayungu ◽  
Guy Mulinganya Mulume’oderhwa ◽  
Grace Munthali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Milk Output ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Malnutrition is a public health problem, as wasting affects 7.5% of children worldwide. The harmful effects of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) can last a lifetime, but how SAM in childhood affects later breastfeeding ability is not clear. In the present study, we assessed the human milk output and body composition among mothers with a history of childhood SAM. Methods This retrospective cohort study was carried out in Miti-Murhesa Health Zone (Democratic Republic of Congo) from January 15 to March 17, 2020. We selected lactating mothers with breastfed infants aged 2–12 months. Two categories of mothers were included: those who had been treated for SAM during their childhood (years 1988–2003; n = 39) and a community control with no history of SAM (n = 40). The weight, height, and mid-upper arm circumference were measured and body mass index (BMI) calculated as weight/height2. Body composition and human milk output were assessed using standard deuterium dilution methods. Student t and chi2 tests ware applied to compare two groups. Results The mean age ± standard deviation of the mothers was 24.4 ± 5.1 and 26.0 ± 6.1 years for the SAM and control groups, respectively (p = 0.186). The age of their infants was 5.4 ± 2.3 months in both groups (p = 0.962). In the SAM and control groups, the mean maternal BMI was 23.8 ± 2.3 and 23.6 ± 3.7 kg/m2 (p = 0.849), mean Fat Mass 27.1% ± 5.0 and 27.1% ± 5.8% (p = 0.708), and the mean Fat Free mass 72.9% ± 5.0 and 72.9% ± 5.8% (p = 0.998), respectively. Human milk output was 833.7 ± 152.1 g/d in SAM group and 827.4 ± 171.4 g/d in the control group (p = 0.864). Conclusions We found no significant difference in human milk output and body composition in mothers treated for SAM during childhood compared to community controls.

scholarly journals Occupational stress of employees in an insurance company

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Coetzer ◽  
S. Rothmann
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Insurance Industry ◽  
Job Characteristics ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Organisational Commitment ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Control

The objectives of this study were to assess the internal consistency of the ASSET, to identify occupational stressors for employees in an insurance company and to assess the relationships between occupational stress, ill health and organisational commitment. A cross-sectional survey design was used. An availability sample (N = 613) of employees in an insurance company was used. An Organisational Stress Screening Tool (ASSET) was used as measuring instrument. The results showed that job insecurity as well as pay and benefits were the highest stressors in the insurance industry. Two stressors, namely job characteristics and control were statistically significant predictors of low organisational commitment. Physical ill health was best predicted by overload and job characteristics. Three stressors, namely work-life balance, overload and job characteristics best predicted psychological ill health.

scholarly journals Influence of etanercept on leptin and ghrelin secretion in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 525-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Maciejewska-Paszek ◽  
Elżbieta Grochowska-Niedworok ◽  
Andrzej Siwiec ◽  
Anna Gruenpeter ◽  
Lechosław Dul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Ghrelin ◽  
Low Bmi ◽  
Acyl Ghrelin ◽  
And Control ◽  
Ghrelin Secretion

Objective To assess possible changes in leptin and ghrelin secretion due to etanercept in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods 50 patients with JIA and 16 age-matched controls were enrolled into this prospective, cross-sectional study. Serum leptin, total and acyl ghrelin were measured in addition to white blood cell (WBC) and lymphocyte counts. Results 25 patients received etanercept and 25 conventional therapies (including methotrexate) for JIA. There was no difference between treatment and control groups in leptin or ghrelin levels and no evidence of a relationship between leptin and ghrelin in patients with JIA. In all children with JIA there was a correlation between leptin and body mass index (BMI). However, compared with children in the conventional treatment group, children in the etanercept group showed a positive correlation between total ghrelin and BMI and those with a low BMI showed a negative correlation between acyl ghrelin and BMI. Conclusion No differences in leptin and ghrelin concentrations were found when patients with JIA and controls were compared or when patients who received etanercept were compared with those who received conventional treatment for JIA.

scholarly journals Analyses of the anthropometric data from the North/South Ireland Food Consumption Survey

2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (5a) ◽  
pp. 1099-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
SN McCarthy ◽  
KE Harrington ◽  
M Kiely ◽  
A Flynn ◽  
PJ Robson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Irish Population ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Waist Circumference ◽  
The North ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

AbstractObjectiveTo obtain measured anthropometric data for weight, height and other parameters not previously measured in the Irish population such as waist and hip circumferences and body composition.DesignA cross-sectional survey. Weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference and body composition were measured according to standard procedures.SettingNorthern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland, 1997–1999.SubjectsRandom representative sample of 1379 adults aged 18–64 years. Results: With the exception of body fat, all anthropometric values were significantly higher for men than women (P < 0.001). All measurements were significantly higher in the 36–50-year-old age group compared with 18–35 year olds. Height was the exception, which decreased significantly with age (P < 0.05). Weight, height and body mass index (BMI) have increased in Ireland since last measured in 1988 and in 1990. Over the last decade, obesity has increased in men 2.5 fold from 8% to 20% and in women by 1.25 fold from 13% to 16%. Significantly more women have a normal BMI than men (50.4% vs. 33.3%; P < 0.05). Cut-off points for a high waist circumference and high waist-to-hip ratio identified 47% and 33% of the population, respectively, to be at an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Social class did not have any significant effect on mean BMI. Location of residence influenced BMI but not in any consistent manner. Ex-smokers had a significantly higher BMI than nonsmokers and smokers (P < 0.05).ConclusionsA revision of current recommendations for combating obesity is warranted to improve the health of the Irish population. Further research is needed to identify the factors that have contributed to the dramatic increase in the prevalence of obesity in men over the last decade and have resulted in a higher prevalence of obesity in men than in women.

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