Reinventing the Past: Stories about Communism and the Transition to a Market Economy in Romania

2002 ◽  
pp. 143-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Kelemen
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
The Past

The Great Financial Crisis: an Ethical Rejoinder

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (01) ◽  
pp. 19-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Charles Merrill
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Ethical Question ◽  
Heterodox Economics ◽  
Ethical Philosophy ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
The Past ◽  
Modern Economy ◽  
Radical Reconstruction

The Great Financial Crisis that broke in 2008 and the Great Recession that followed has led many to question the very structure of contemporary economies. Some argue that the economic model of the past forty years is now broken. Criticism has also been directed at the orthodoxies of economics. For example, neoclassical equilibrium economics, the mainstream economics of the day, is accused of failing to understand some of the most basic aspects of the modern economy (debt and money), of supporting policies that have led to the economic breakdown (deregulation), and of failing to see the crisis coming (Bezemer 2012, Keen 2011). Consequently, heterodox thinking in economics is getting a hearing as never before. Heterodox economics offers itself as the requisite radical reconstruction of the science of economics and also proposes policies for the radical reconstruction of the major economics.Yet to talk of the reconstruction of the modern market economy is at the same time to raise the ethical question: what shape ought the market economy to take? Heterodox economics may acutely analyse the inadequacies of real economies and propose plausible reforms, but as an essentially descriptive science there will be limits on its ability to state what ought to be. Rather, what is required seems to be a systematic prescriptive ethics. In other words, recent events in the world of economics have provided an opening for what ethical philosophy should be best at providing. Determining whether a specific ethical philosophy, to be identified shortly, has the capacity to address the questions raised by heterodox economics is the task of this paper.

1968. The “Prague Spring”: Fifty Years Later. Historical Essays

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
General Reader ◽  
The Past ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Prague Spring ◽  
The Military

This book is devoted to a symbolic event that defined the life and values of several generations. Half a century ago, Czech communists tried to give a new impetus to their country’s system of government by combining socialist values with a rational market economy and the mechanisms of a developed democracy. This effort failed, and the state was occupied by the military. This book is the result of joint efforts by Russian, Czech, and Romanian historians, archivists, and cultural and literary scholars, who—exploring new documents and materials—have reinterpreted these events and their lessons from a present-day perspective. Objectively, the “Prague Spring” is from a bygone era, but it is still a milestone, and many of the problems encountered during the Prague Spring are still relevant today. The authors hope that they have contributed to the historiography of the now-distant events of 1968 and that their contributions will help in analysing the experiences of the past in order to be prepared for the events of the future. This book is aimed at specialists in the history and culture of Central and Eastern Europe, students of higher educational institutions, and the general reader interested in twentieth-century history.

The “Gospel” of Pentecostalism and Entrepreneurship

2017 ◽  
pp. 252-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanya Ojo
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
African Culture ◽  
Structural Arrangement ◽  
The Past ◽  
Diaspora And Development

Sieving through the avalanche of dissertations on the Pentecostal movements this chapter attempts to analyze the African Pentecostalism's structural arrangement to generate a deeper understanding of its operations and how the movement is re-inventing itself in contemporary epoch. This was done by appraising in-depth knowledge in concrete terms rather than in abstraction through the combination of notions of the market, entrepreneurship, diaspora, and development. Thus, the chapter develops a new sociological understanding of the differences and similarities between religion and the market in ethnic/diaspora entrepreneurship market space. It argues that the success of African Pentecostalism, both in Africa and the diaspora, is predicated on its ability to smoothly connect the past with the present. Whilst synthesis of African culture in the movement's liturgy is a proficient engagement with the past, inculcating the efficiency ethos of the market economy in its operations signifies a commitment to the present.

scholarly journals Towards a Broader View of Competition Policy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph E Stiglitz
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Competition Policy ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Antitrust Law ◽  
The Past ◽  
Economics Profession ◽  
Economics And Politics

For over 100 years, competition policy has been a central part of a market economy’s legal framework. Over the past third of a century, however, the scope and effectiveness of competition policy has been narrowed, under the influence of certain ideas about the functioning of the market economy—ideas which have subsequently been widely discredited within the economics profession, but whose influence within antitrust law remains significant. This chapter argues that, to the contrary, changes in our economy and our understandings of the interplay between economics and politics necessitates a broader reach for competition policy than envisaged by the original advocates of antitrust law, and that this is especially so in developing countries and emerging markets.

scholarly journals Earnings disparities in the czech republic: evidence of the past decade and cross-national comparison

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Večerník
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Wage Structure ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Wage Determination ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Past ◽  
National Comparison ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Cross National

Wage and income surveys are used to display changes in inequality of earnings and main factors of disparities. In the first part, increasing disparities in the Czech Republic and the decreasing weight of demographic characteristics in wage determination are observed. In the second part, available evidence on cross-national comparison is gathered in order to demonstrate the increasing similarity of the Czech wage structure with Western countries. We document that the introduction of the market economy has led to a significant increase in earnings disparities; the

scholarly journals MARKET UPDATE IN POST-SOVIET KAZAKHSTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anar Mami ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
The State ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Market Reforms ◽  
Private Ownership ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Mixed Economy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Post Soviet Period

The article examines the results of market reforms in Kazakhstan in the post-Soviet period, comparing the past and present. For 30 years, the market economy has decided only some of the most pressing issues of the economy. The full transition to private ownership, which began in the 1990s, is already in its infancy. To get out of the current crisis in Kazakhstan, it is necessary to change the direction of economic development. The state must take responsibility for these changes. The result in the country should be a model of mixed economy, offering different forms of ownership. At the same time, the state must control the spheres that facilitate the lives of people and play a key role in the security of the country.

scholarly journals Great Transformation. Could it Have Been Better? Will it Be Better?

2010 ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
G. Kolodko
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Alternative Schools ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Multiple Path ◽  
The Past ◽  
Systemic Transformation ◽  
Great Transformation ◽  
Counterfactual History

The process of systemic transformation to market economy has evolved more by chance than by design, and has beared mixed fruit. The diversity of current conditions is a result of both the legacy of the past and different strategies/policies executed in particular countries afterwards. These polices have been based on different assumptions and followed the advices from alternative schools of economic thought. In the paper written from the comparative perspective, with the use of counterfactual history principles, the multiple-path process of post-communist transformations during the last two decades is examined, some forecasts and propositions for the next generations are provided.

Outward Turkish foreign direct investment continues

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Outward Fdi ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Past ◽  
Set Up ◽  
International Systems

Significance As an open emerging-market economy which usually runs large external deficits, Turkey has long sought to attract foreign direct investment (FDI), with varying degrees of success. At the same time, Turkish companies have been spending significant sums to acquire or set up businesses in other countries over the past 10-15 years. Impacts Turkey’s role as a source of FDI will strengthen Ankara’s influence in the countries that benefit or stand to benefit. The presence of Turkish investors in EU countries, Russia and the Middle East may help to defuse international tensions. Outward FDI may improve the competitiveness of Turkish companies through gains in know-how and integration into international systems.

Thorny way of strategic planning in modern Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-34
Author(s):  
MIKHAIL E. DMITRIEV ◽  
◽  
VALERY B. KRAPIL ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Planning System ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
To Come ◽  
Further Development

The article considers strategic planning practices in Russia since the transition to market economy. The authors assess the outcomes of federal strategies and the possible causes of their incomplete implementation. The study reviews the development of legislation on strategic planning and the problems and contradictions associated with the implementation of the laws, including the subfederal level. The course of development of the project format of strategic documents (national projects, etc.) and the reasons that led to the strengthening of its role, despite the lack of legislative registration, are also presented. Based on the results of the review, a characteristic is given of the current state of the strategic planning system, which is assessed as unstable and transitional, and possible directions for its further development are noted. The interest in strategic planning over the past three decades has been generated by objective long-term challenges. They are largely due to the need to take into account long-term trends in demographic, technological, environmental, climatic, spatial, infrastructural, geopolitical and other areas where there are problems and tasks that can only be solved by coordinated planning of actions for many years to come.

The “Gospel” of Pentecostalism and Entrepreneurship

2017 ◽  
pp. 961-982
Author(s):  
Sanya Ojo
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
African Culture ◽  
Structural Arrangement ◽  
The Past ◽  
Diaspora And Development

Sieving through the avalanche of dissertations on the Pentecostal movements this chapter attempts to analyze the African Pentecostalism's structural arrangement to generate a deeper understanding of its operations and how the movement is re-inventing itself in contemporary epoch. This was done by appraising in-depth knowledge in concrete terms rather than in abstraction through the combination of notions of the market, entrepreneurship, diaspora, and development. Thus, the chapter develops a new sociological understanding of the differences and similarities between religion and the market in ethnic/diaspora entrepreneurship market space. It argues that the success of African Pentecostalism, both in Africa and the diaspora, is predicated on its ability to smoothly connect the past with the present. Whilst synthesis of African culture in the movement's liturgy is a proficient engagement with the past, inculcating the efficiency ethos of the market economy in its operations signifies a commitment to the present.

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