The fertility of Merino ewes artificially inseminated with semen diluted in solutions based on skim milk, glucose or ribose

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
KR Lapwood ◽  
ICA Martin ◽  
KW Entwistle
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Solution ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sperm Density

The fertility of Merino ewes artificially inseminated with semen diluted tenfold in milk or buffered glucose solution was lower than that of a control group of ewes inseminated with the same number of spermatozoa in undiluted semen. By means of centrifugation, the concentration of spermatozoa in the insemination dose of diluted semen was raised to match that of the undiluted semen and then the effect of dilution on fertility was eliminated for the glucose-diluted semen, but not for the milk-diluted semen. Respective percentages of ewes not returning to oestrus and ewes lambing were, after insemination with undiluted semen, 60.5, 46.7; with milk-diluted semen, 55.9, 40.2 and after reconcentration 56.0, 38.0; with glucose-diluted semen, 48.2, 35.3, and after reconcentration 62.1, 46.1. In another experiment, the percentage of ewes lambing after insemination with undiluted semen, with semen diluted tenfold with glucose, and with semen diluted with a ribose mixture and chilled at 5°C for 24 hr were respectively 67.0, 58.0, and 26.1. Both diluents contained 6% (v/v) egg yolk and diluted semen samples were reconcentrated to the original sperm density of the semen immediately before insemination.

scholarly journals A 150 kDa Protein Derived from Bull Seminal Plasma Extended the Survival Time of Kacang Goat Sperm Stored at 5°C

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Suherni Susilowati ◽  
Imam Mustofa ◽  
Wurlina Wurlina ◽  
Indah Norma Triana ◽  
Suzanita Utama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Genetic Quality ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Complex Protein

Artificial insemination has proven to be an effective method for increasing population size and genetic quality of Kacang goats. However, innovation is required to maintain the quality of Kacang goat semen in storage. This study aimed to examine the effects of supplementing the 150 kDa protein assumed as IGF-I complex derived from bull seminal plasma in skim milk-egg yolk extender on the quality of Kacang goat sperm stored at 5°C. Twelve ejaculates collected from three Kacang goats were divided into three groups. In the control group (T0), the ejaculates were extended with skim milk-egg yolk only. In the treatment groups (T1 and T2), the ejaculates were extended with skim milk-egg yolk supplemented with the IGF-I complex protein at 12 μg and 24 μg/100 mL, respectively. The extended semen was stored at 5°C, and the viability, motility, intactness of the plasma membrane, malondialdehyde concentration, and apoptotic sperm percentage were evaluated daily for five days. The results showed that the T1 was the most effective treatment for maintaining Kacang goat semen at a quality acceptable for artificial insemination over five days of storage at 5°C. However, the T0 and T2 groups retained acceptable qualities for only three days at 5°C. It could be concluded that supplementation of 12 μg of the 150 kDa protein derived from bull seminal plasma per 100 mL extender successfully extended the life span of Kacang goat sperm for five days.

scholarly journals Penambahan alfa-tokoferol dalam pengencer susu skim - kuning telur terhadap kualitas spermatozoa domba Sapudi yang disimpan pada suhu 5°C

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Satya Alysa Cahya Puspita ◽  
Suherni Susilowati ◽  
Trilas Sardjito ◽  
Abdul Samik ◽  
Indah Norma Triana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Fresh Semen

Spermatozoa in fresh semen of Sapudi ram has a limited life span. The storage of semen in cold temperatures (5 °C) is intended to prolong the spermatozoa's life. However, storage in cold temperatures can lead to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This condition reduces the quality of spermatozoa. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of alphatocopherol supplementation in skim milk-egg yolk extender on viability, motility, and plasma membrane integrity of Sapudi ram spermatozoa. Fresh semen derived from Sapudi ram was divided into four treatment groups. Control treatment (P0): semen was added in the extender of skim milkegg yolk without alpha-tocopherol. Three other treatments: P1, P2, and P3 semen were added in skim milk-egg yolk extender with the supplementation of 0.25, 0.5, and 1 gram alpha-tocopherol/ 100 mL extender, respectively. The results showed that the viability, motility, and integrity of the spermatozoa plasma membrane decreased gradually according to the storage length. Supplementation of skim milk-egg yolk extender with 0.5 gram of alpha-tocopherol/100 mL (P2) was able to maintain spermatozoa quality longer (p <0.05) than the control group. It can be concluded that alpha-tocopherol with a concentration of 0.5 g/100 mL of skim milk-egg yolk extender effectively maintains the quality of Sapudi ram spermatozoa in storage at 5 ° C.

scholarly journals Kualitas post-thawing semen domba Merino dalam bahan pengencer berbasis susu skim-kuning telur yang ditambah isolat crude protein Tirosine Kinase

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Krisna Widiantoro ◽  
Sri Pantja Madyawati ◽  
Trilas Sardjito ◽  
Tatik Hernawati ◽  
Indah Norma Triana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spermatozoa Motility ◽  
Skimmed Milk ◽  
Fresh Semen

This study was conducted to determine the effect of crude protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) isolates supplementation into skim milk-egg yolk based diluent to maintain the quality of Merino ram spermatozoa.  Four ejaculates of two Merino rams were divided into two groups for the control group (P0): Merino ram semen was diluted in skimmed milk-egg yolk based diluent, and the treatment group (P1): Merino ram semen was diluted in skim milk-egg yolk based diluent contained crude PTK 1,597 mg/ml diluent. All diluted semen was equilibrated for 2 hours at 5 °C and filled into 0.25 mL French straws. The filled straws were placed on steel racks (Cooltop, Minitube) held in liquid nitrogen vapour for 10 minutes at –140 °C, immersed immediately in liquid nitrogen at –196 °C, and stored for 48 hours for  later assessment. Post-thawed semen samples were evaluated for spermatozoa motility, viability, and morphological abnormality. The results showed that the spermatozoa motility of fresh semen of Merino ram was 82.5 ± 2.89, which was qualified for freezing. The post-thawing spermatozoa motility, viability, and morphological abnormalities of Merino ram in the P1 group were 34.11 ± 3.26%, 38.00 ± 3.00%, and 12.89 ± 4.54%, respectively. It were higher (p <0.05) than the control group of 24.44 ± 2.9%, 26.67 ± 3.32%, and 21.11 ± 3.02%. It was concluded that the addition of crude PTK isolates of 1.597 mg/ml skim milk-egg yolk diluent improved the quality of post-thawed spermatozoa of Merino ram.

Effects of Dietary Addition of Linseed Oil on the Content of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Egg Yolk of Gallus domestiaus

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-570
Author(s):  
Suhu Duan ◽  
Zaiqiang Li ◽  
Zhenzhen Fan ◽  
Mengran Qin ◽  
Xiaoxue Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Free Food ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Group 1

In order to study the effect of dietary supplement of linseed oil on polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in egg yolk of Gallus domestiaus, total 160 healthy Gallus domestiaus of 26-week old were randomly selected and divided into 4 groups, each of which included 40 chickens fed outdoors with an area of 63 m2 and free food and drinking water. The control group (CK) was fed the basic diet, and the experimental group was added 1, 3 and 5% of linseed oil in the fundamentals of diet (experimental group 1, 2 and 3, abbreviated as P1, P2, P3), respectively. The content of PUFA and the value of n-6 PUFA and n-3 PUFA in egg yolk were determined by gas chromatography with 24 eggs randomly selected in each group after 10th, 25th and 40th days of the commence of the experiment. We found that the levels of α-linolenic acid (C18:3n3, ALA) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n3, DHA) in egg yolk were clearly higher than the CK when 3% linseed oil or 5% linseed oil were added in the diet during the three experiment periods, in which the contents of linoleic Acid (18:2n6c, LA) and arachidonic acid (C20:4n6, ARA) in egg yolk differ little between P1, P2 and P3 and the CK while the value of n-6 PUFA and n-3 PUFA in egg yolk of the P2 and P3 groups decreased significantly. The comprehensive comparisons suggested that the content of C18:3n3 and C22:6n3 in egg yolk could be clearly increased in the P2 while the value of n-6 PUFA and n-3 PUFA decreased. This study provides theoretical basis for the production of functional eggs enriched with C22:6n3 and C18:3n3.

Motility and Fertility of Stallion Spermatozoa Cooled and Frozen in a Modified Skim Milk Extender Containing Egg Yolk and Liposome1

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (monograph_series1) ◽  
pp. 753-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Heitland ◽  
D.J. Jasko ◽  
J.K. Graham ◽  
E.L. Squires ◽  
R.P. Amann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skim Milk ◽  
Egg Yolk

scholarly journals A Prospective Controlled Study of the Impact of Hyperthyroidism on Reproductive Function in Males

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (8) ◽  
pp. 3667-3671 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Krassas ◽  
N. Pontikides ◽  
V. Deligianni ◽  
K. Miras
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Sperm Morphology ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sperm Density ◽  
Semen Volume ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Prospective Controlled Study

The aim of this prospective controlled study was to ascertain the effect of hyperthyroidism on sperm quality and composition. We studied 23 thyrotoxic male patients, aged 43.8 ± 2.4 yr (mean ± sem), and 15 healthy male controls of approximately the same age (42.2 ± 2.2 yr). Two semen analyses at intervals of 2–3 wk were obtained before and about 5 months after euthyroidism was achieved either by methimazole alone (14 patients) or 131I plus methimazole (9 patients). Total fructose, zinc (Zn), and magnesium (Mg) were also measured in seminal plasma in 16 patients, because 7 had semen volume less than 2 ml. In the control group semen analysis was performed only once. Mean (±sem) semen volume was within normal range both in patients (3.3 ± 0.2 ml) and controls (3.5 ± 0.4 ml; P = NS). Mean sperm density was lower in patients, although the difference compared with controls did not reach statistical significance (35.7 ± 5.3 vs. 51.5 ± 6.1 × 106/ml; P = 0.062). The same was found with sperm morphology (68 ± 7% vs. 78 ± 8%; P = NS). Finally, mean motility was lower in thyrotoxic males than in controls (28 ± 8% vs. 57 ± 7%; P &lt; 0.01). After treatment, sperm density and motility improved [35.7 ± 5.3 vs. 43.3 ± 6.5 × 106/ml (P = NS) and 28 ± 8% vs. 45 ± 7% (P &lt; 0.05), respectively], but sperm morphology did not change (68 ± 7% vs. 70 ± 6%; P = NS). Mean values for fructose, Zn, and Mg did not differ between controls and patients either before or after achievement of euthyroidism [9.2 ± 0.7, 3.0 ± 0.5, and 4.2 ± 0.7 nmol/liter vs. 8.6 ± 0.9, 3.0 ± 0.5, and 4.7 ± 0.8 nmol/liter (patients before) and 9.1 ± 0.7, 3.1 ± 0.6, and 4.5 ± 0.9 nmol/liter (patients after treatment) for fructose, Zn, and Mg, respectively]. Moreover, according to the treatment given, no statistically significant differences were found before or after treatment. Finally, seminal plasma fructose, Zn, and Mg levels did not correlate with sperm parameters or with pretreatment thyroid hormone levels. In conclusion, the results of our study indicate that male patients with hyperthyroidism have abnormalities in seminal parameters, mainly sperm motility. These abnormalities improve or normalize when the patients become euthyroid. Restoration of sperm parameters was independent of the treatment provided for the hyperthyroid syndrome. Moreover, seminal plasma elements, such as fructose, Zn, and Mg, did not correlate with sperm density, motility, or morphology.

scholarly journals Effect of a single dose of iodized fatty acid ester Lipiodol® Ultra-Fluid on egg iodine concentrations and egg production

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Trckova ◽  
B. Pisarikova ◽  
P. Suchy ◽  
I. Herzig
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Potassium Iodide ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Oral Application

The aim of the study was to test whether a single intramuscular or oral application of iodized fatty acid esters (IFAE), without any iodine supplements in the rations, would increase for a long time iodine concentrations in egg yolk without any drop of egg production and egg quality. The results were compared with those obtained using the conventional iodine source &ndash; potassium iodide (KI). After the adaptation period, 10 mg of iodine/kg of live weight were applied to the experimental layers at the age of 21 weeks. The layers were divided into four groups: the group K-KI received iodine orally in the form of potassium iodide; iodine was applied orally in the form of IFAE to the group P-PO; and iodine as IFAE was applied intramuscularly to the group P-IM. The control group (K-0) received no iodine. Increased concentrations of iodine in egg yolk were observed following oral application of KI and IFAE. Maximum concentrations were measured on day 5 following application (12 863 &plusmn; 3 269 &mu;g I/kg for K-KI, and 14 037 &plusmn; 2 506 &mu;g I/kg for P-PO). Quite different course of changes was recorded following intramuscular application of iodine (group P-IM). Both, the increase and drop of iodine concentrations were slow, maximum values were measured from day 11 till day 35 of the experiment (from 769 &plusmn; 426 to 1 163 &plusmn; 757 &mu;g of I/kg yolk). Intramus&shy;cular application of IFAE resulted in significantly higher levels (P &lt; 0.05, P &lt; 0.01) of iodine in egg yolk from day 11 till the end of the experiment (on day 154) compared with the group K-0, and from day 14 compared with the group K-KI. At the same time, more fluent course of egg production with maximum at the age of 34 weeks was observed in laying hens. No effect of iodine application on egg production and egg mass was found. Significantly higher weights of eggs (P &lt; 0.05, P &lt; 0.01) and egg white (P &lt; 0.05) were recorded following oral and intramuscular application of IFAE compared with the control group K-0.

ATP-sensitive K+ channel blockade impairs O2 extraction during progressive ischemia in pig hindlimb

1995 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 2035-2042 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Vallet ◽  
S. E. Curtis ◽  
B. Guery ◽  
J. Mangalaboyi ◽  
P. Menager ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Redox State ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Glucose Solution ◽  
K Channel ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cytochrome Aa3 ◽  
K Channels ◽  
O2 Extraction ◽  
O2 Delivery

Tissues maintain O2 consumption (VO2) when blood flow and O2 delivery (DO2) are decreased by better matching of blood flow to meet local cellular O2 demand, a process that increases extraction of available O2. This study tested the hypothesis that ATP-sensitive K+ channels play a significant role in the response of pig hindlimb to ischemia. We pump perfused the vascularly isolated but innervated right hindlimb of 14 anesthetized pigs with normoxic blood while measuring hindlimb DO2, VO2, perfusion pressure, and cytochrome aa3 redox state. In one-half of the pigs, the pump-perfused hindlimb was also infused with 10 micrograms.min-1.kg-1 of glibenclamide, a potent blocker of ATP-sensitive K+ channels. Control animals were infused with 5% glucose solution alone. Blood flow was then progressively reduced in both groups in 10 steps at 10-min intervals. Glibenclamide had no effect on any preischemic hindlimb or systemic measurements. Hindlimb VO2 and cytochrome aa3 redox state began to decrease at a significantly higher DO2 in glibenclamide-treated compared with control pigs. At this critical DO2, the O2 extraction ratio (VO2/DO2) was 53 +/- 4% in the glibenclamide group and 73 +/- 5% in the control group (P < 0.05). Hindlimb vascular resistance increased significantly with ischemia in the glibenclamide group but did not change in the control group. We conclude that ATP-sensitive K+ channels may be importantly involved in the vascular recruitment response that tried to meet tissue O2 needs as blood flow was progressively reduced in the pig hindlimb.

Intraperitoneal Addition of Hyaluronan Improves Peritoneal Dialysis Efficiency

1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 106-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
Hui-Hong Cheng ◽  
Olof Heimbürger ◽  
Chi Chen ◽  
Jacek Waniewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Fluid ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Glucose Solution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fluid Absorption ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Fluid Removal ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Fill Volume

Background It has been shown that hyaluronan (HA) can decrease peritoneal fluid absorption. It is not known, however, how various molecular weights and various concentrations of hyaluronan affect peritoneal fluid absorption rate. Methods A study of 4-hour dwells, with frequent dialysate and blood sampling, was performed in male SpragueCawley rats (6 7 rats in each group) with 1311 albumin as an intraperitoneal volume marker. Each rat was infused intraperitoneally with 25 mL of 1.5% glucose solution alone or 1.5% glucose solution containing hyaluronan at various molecular weights (MW -85 kC, 280 kC, 500 kC, and 4 MC) or containing hyaluronan of MW 500 kC at various concentrations (0.01%,0.05%,0.1%,0.5%). Two additional groups were infused with 40 mL of 1.36% glucose dialysate alone or 1.36% glucose dialysate with 0.01 % hyaluronan (MW 500 kC) to test the effect of hyaluronan when high dialysate fill volume was used. Results Addition of 0.01% hyaluronan significantly decreased peritoneal fluid absorption rate (KE) (by 22%, p < 0.01). The decrease was more marked with hyaluronan at high MW or high concentration, or with high dialysate fill volume. The net ultrafiltration tended to be higher in all hyaluronan groups compared to their control groups except in the 4 MC group; this difference was mainly due to a lower KE in all the hyaluronan groups. The direct lymphatic flow was significantly decreased in the 0.5% HA group. The transcapillary ultrafiltration rate (au) was significantly lower in the 4 MC group as compared to the control group. No difference in au was found between the other groups as compared to their control groups. Conclusions (1) Intraperitoneal addition of hyaluronan may increase net peritoneal fluid removal, mainly because hyaluronan decreases peritoneal fluid absorption rate. The decrease was more marked when high dialysate fill volume was used, indicating that intraperitoneal addition of hyaluronan can prevent the decreased net ultrafiltration caused by an increase in dialysate fill volume. (2) The decrease in peritoneal fluid absorption rate may be both MW-dependent and concentration-dependent: that is, a higher MW as well as a higher concentration of hyaluronan result in a more marked decrease in peritoneal fluid absorption rate. (3) Low concentrations of high MW hyaluronan may also decrease au. However, au did not decrease when high concentrations of hyaluronan were used despite a significant decrease in peritoneal fluid absorption rate.

INFLUENCE OF GLYCEROL CONCENTRATION AND FREEZING TO −79 C ON OXYGEN UPTAKE AND LIVABILITY OF BOAR AND BULL SPERMATOZOA

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. SANFORD ◽  
G. J. KING ◽  
J. W. MACPHERSON
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Freezing Process ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Motile Cells ◽  
Boar Semen ◽  
Boar Spermatozoa

Boar and bull spermatozoa were diluted in a skim milk–egg yolk–glucose extender containing 0, 7.5, or 15% glycerol (v/v) and incubated aerobically for 6 hr at 37 C. Other partially diluted boar semen samples were cooled to 5 C. Glycerol was added to a final concentration of 0, 7.5, and 15%. Samples were frozen to −79 C, rewarmed, and incubated for 3 hr at 37 C. The presence of glycerol in the extender depressed (P < 0.01) the oxygen uptake by nonfrozen boar and bull spermatozoa during the 6-hr incubation period. The reduction of oxygen uptake by semen samples increased as the level of glycerol in the extender increased. There was a corresponding decrease (P < 0.01) in the number of motile cells at the conclusion of the incubation period. Glycerol appeared to have more of a detrimental effect on boar spermatozoan oxygen uptake. The rate of oxygen uptake by boar semen samples postfreezing was extremely depressed, suggesting that spermatozoa surviving the freezing process metabolize at a much lower rate than normal. Active progressive motility of most of the surviving boar spermatozoa ceased within 1–2 hr of incubation under the in vitro conditions of this experiment.

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