A multi-element supplement for grazing sheep. II. Accumulation of trace elements in sheep fed different levels of supplement

Sheep were fed an oaten hayllupin mixture (88: 12 W/W) containing either 0, 1.7, 3.3, 6.3, 12 or 21% of a multi-element mineral mix for 6 months. Each sheep was fed sufficient ration to provide 800 g DM of the oaten hay/lupin mixture per day. The accumulation of essential and of potentially toxic elements in the tissues of the sheep was measured together with feed intake and growth. Some sheep which were offered 12% and all of the sheep which were offered 21% minerals in the diet refused to eat part or all of the ration and were removed from the experiment. All sheep in the other groups and two sheep which were fed 12% minerals ate all or most of the ration for 6 months. All sheep in the groups which were fed 0, 1.7, 3.3 and 6.3% (equivalent to 0, 15, 30 and 60 g/day of minerals) grew at 27-35 g/day and had similar dry matter intakes after intake of minerals was excluded from the calculation. The two sheep which were fed 12% mineral throughout (equivalent to 120 g/day) lost 6 g/day during the experiment. Intake of minerals increased selenium concentrations in whole blood and liver, and vitamin B12 in plasma. Selenium did not accumulate to levels that resulted in toxicity to the sheep nor exceed maximum permitted levels for human consumption. Fluorine in rib bone increased as mineral intake increased, and sheep which were fed 12% minerals in the diet were at risk of chronic fluorosis. The intake of mineral mix had no significant effect on the concentrations of copper and iron in the liver or the concentration of cadmium in the kidney.

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Pollution Characteristics, Distribution and Ecological Risk of Potentially Toxic Elements in Soils from an Abandoned Coal Mine Area in Southwestern China

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min11030330 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 330

Author(s):

Libo Pan ◽

Xiao Guan ◽

Bo Liu ◽

Yanjun Chen ◽

Ying Pei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ecological Risk ◽

Toxic Elements ◽

Low Ph ◽

Potentially Toxic Elements ◽

Point Sources ◽

The Other ◽

Guizhou Province ◽

Pollution Level ◽

Agricultural Activity ◽

Background Values

Acid mine drainage (AMD) from abandoned coal mines can lead to serious environmental problems due to its low pH and high concentrations of potentially toxic elements. In this study, soil pH, sulfur (S) content, and arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and mercury (Hg) concentrations were measured in 27 surface soil samples from areas in which coal-mining activities ceased nine years previously in Youyu Catchment, Guizhou Province, China. The soil was acidic, with a mean pH of 5.28. Cadmium was the only element with a mean concentration higher than the national soil quality standard. As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn, Cr, and Fe concentrations were all higher than the background values in Guizhou Province. This was especially true for the Cd, Cu, and Fe concentrations, which were 1.69, 1.95, and 12.18 times their respective background values. The geoaccumulation index of Cd and Fe was present at unpolluted to moderately polluted and heavily polluted levels, respectively, indicating higher pollution levels than for the other elements in the study area. Spatially, significantly high Fe and S concentrations, as well as extremely low pH values, were found in the soils of the AMD sites; however, sites where tributaries merged with the Youyu River (TM) had the highest Cd pollution level. Iron originated mainly from non-point sources (e.g., AMD and coal gangues), while AMD and agricultural activity were the predominant sources of Cd. The results of an eco-risk assessment indicated that Cd levels presented a moderate potential ecological risk, while the other elements all posed a low risk. For the TM sites, the highest eco-risk was for Cd, with levels that could be harmful for aquatic organisms in the wet season, and may endanger human health via the food chain.

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The potential of trace elements mapping in child’s natal tooth by laser ablation-ICPMS method

Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering ◽

10.1007/s40201-021-00611-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Aneta Olszewska ◽

Anetta Hanć

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Spatial Distribution ◽

Quantitative Assessment ◽

Toxic Elements ◽

Tooth Enamel ◽

Perinatal Period ◽

Potentially Toxic Elements ◽

Metal Exposure ◽

Icp Ms ◽

Distribution Of Trace Elements

Abstract Purpose Tooth enamel might provide past chronological metabolic, nutritional status and trace metal exposure during development. Thus, the trace elements distribution embedded in tooth tissues represents an archive of the environmental conditions. The choice of biomarker is estimated as critical to the measurement of metal exposure. Natal teeth are defined as teeth being present at birth. Methods LA-ICP-MS provides a quantitative assessment of spatial distribution of trace elements in a natal tooth. The objective of the current study was to compare concentrations of building and other elements in a rare but reliable and valid biomarker - natal tooth. Results It have been reported presence of potentially toxic elements: Pb, Cu, Mn, Cd, Ni distributed in prenatally and perinatally formed enamel and dentine. Conclusions Analyses of deciduous enamel can provide answers into individuals’ earliest development, including critical pre- and perinatal period.

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Sources of Potentially Toxic Elements in Sediments of the Mussulo Lagoon (Angola) and Implications for Human Health

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17072466 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (7) ◽

pp. 2466 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pedro Dinis ◽

Amílcar Armando ◽

João Pratas

Keyword(s):

Grain Size ◽

Toxic Elements ◽

Carcinogenic Risk ◽

Potentially Toxic Elements ◽

The Other ◽

Anthropogenic Source ◽

Close Link ◽

Fine Grained ◽

Grain Size Distributions ◽

Lagoon Sediments

The Mussulo lagoon is a coastal environment located near Luanda, one of the SW African cities that has been growing more rapidly during the last decades. Geochemical, mineralogical, and grain-size data obtained for the lagoon sediments are analyzed together, in order to establish the factors that control the distribution of some potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Sediments from northern location tend to be enriched in feldspar and, despite some variability in grain-size distributions, in fine-grained detrital minerals; southern lagoon sediments display very homogenous grain-size distribution and are enriched in minerals associated with salt precipitation (halite and gypsum). Multivariate statistics reveal a close link between some PTEs, namely Co, Hg, Ni, and Pb, for which an anthropogenic source can be postulated. On the other end, As seems to be associated with natural authigenic precipitation in southern lagoon sectors. Sediments enriched in clay also tend to yield more Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu, but it is unclear whether their sources are natural or anthropogenic. Hazard indexes calculated for children are higher than 1 for As and Co, indicating potential non-carcinogenic risk. For the other elements, and for adults, there is no potential carcinogenic or non-carcinogenic risk.

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Organ-specific accumulation of toxic elements in Hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha) from Bangladesh and human health risk assessment

10.20517/jeea.2021.05 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Raknuzzaman ◽

Md. Habibullah-Al-Mamun

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Human Health ◽

Coastal Area ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Toxic Elements ◽

Microwave Digestion ◽

Human Health Risk ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Toxic Trace Elements ◽

Tenualosa Ilisha

Purpose: We aimed to determine the amount of some toxic elements in three organs of Hilsa shad, focusing on the possible exposure to human health through Hilsa consumption. This study was designed to determine the concentration of seven toxic trace elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in three distinct organs (n = 21) (muscle, liver, and gills) of Hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha) fish collected from the Bangladeshi coastal area. The samples were digested following a microwave digestion. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer was used as analytical instrument. Estimated daily intakes (EDI) and target cancer risk (TR) were used to evaluate carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk. Results: The mean concentrations (mg/kg-wet weight) of toxic elements in different organs of T. ilisha were determined as follows: in muscle, As (4.05), Cd (0.09), Cr (0.12), Cu (0.77), Ni (0.26), Pb (0.20), and Zn (10.64); in liver, As (2.83), Cd (0.84), Cr (0.18), Cu (6.17), Ni (0.55), Pb (0.23), and Zn (30.16) and in gills, As (3.45), Cd (0.05), Cr (0.08), Cu (1.06), Ni (0.51), Pb (0.78), and Zn (35.21). The liver showed higher concentrations of most elements than that of muscle except for As. Concentration of As, Cd, and Pb in the fish were found above the food safety guidelines, while other trace element concentrations were below the permissible range for human consumption. According to EDI and TR values, there were carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks from exposure to total As concentration from Hilsa fish consumption. Conclusion: This study suggests that the toxic trace elements contamination levels in Hilsa fish from Bangladesh’s coastal area need to be monitored on a systematic and regular basis to ensure the safety of this food item for human consumption.

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Trace elements in grey seals from the Gulf of St. Lawrence

10.1101/2021.08.30.458200 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gwyneth A. MacMillan ◽

Marc Amyot ◽

Pierre-Yves Daoust ◽

Mélanie Lemire

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Reference Values ◽

Toxic Elements ◽

Essential Elements ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Grey Seal ◽

Health Concerns ◽

Baseline Levels ◽

Young Of The Year ◽

Nutritional Benefits

ABSTRACTWe measured baseline levels of 19 trace element and mercury speciation for grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) from the Gulf of St. Lawrence (GSL), Québec, Canada. With interest growing in commercializing grey seal products for human consumption in this region, the goal of this study was to measure essential and non-essential trace elements in grey seals to evaluate health concerns and nutritional benefits. From 2015 to 2019, 120 grey seals were sampled by hunters and researchers at 4 sites in the GSL. Muscle, liver, heart and kidney samples were analyzed for 10 non-essential elements (Sb, As, Be, B, Cd, Pb, Hg, Ni, Tl, Sn) and 9 essential elements (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Se, Zn). Both total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) were analysed for a subset of samples. Many elements were undetected in liver (Sb, As, Be, B, Cr, Co, Pb, Ni, Tl, Sn) and muscle tissues (same, plus Cd, Mn, Mo). Results showed lower element concentrations in the muscle (Fe, Mg, Se) and livers (Cd, Cr, Hg, Mn, Mo, Se) of young-of-the-year harvested in the winter (< 6 weeks old) compared to older animals feeding at sea. For older seals (∼ 5 months to 29 years), we did not observe progressive age-dependent bioaccumulation. Sex-specific differences were not very pronounced, but a few elements were 30 - 70% higher in the muscle (THg, MeHg) and liver (Mn, Zn) of male seals. Comparison to Canadian dietary reference intakes shows that a weekly portion of liver from young-of-the-year (< 6 weeks old) is a good source of essential elements (Cu, Fe) and that muscle and liver from this age category does not exceed reference values for toxic elements (As, Cd, Pb, MeHg). Ongoing discussions with regional public health professionals will help to develop dietary recommendations for the consumption of older grey seals.HIGHLIGHTSWe measured baseline levels of 19 trace elements in grey seals harvested from the Gulf of St. Lawrence.We evaluated nutritional benefits and health concerns of human consumption of grey seal products.Once seals began feeding at sea (∼ 5 mo), many element concentrations increased, but did not bioaccumulate progressively with age afterwards.Some elements were more concentrated in the muscle (mercury) and livers (manganese, zinc) of male seals.Young seal (< 6 we) livers are a good dietary sources of copper and iron, while its muscle and liver were below reference values for toxic elements.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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Spatiotemporal distribution of potentially toxic elements in the lower Gangetic delta and their implications for non-carcinogenic health risk management

Geoscience Letters ◽

10.1186/s40562-021-00189-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Somdeep Ghosh ◽

Madhurima Bakshi ◽

Shouvik Mahanty ◽

Tanushree Gaine ◽

Subarna Bhattacharyya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Risk Management ◽

Health Risk ◽

Human Health ◽

Toxic Elements ◽

Numerical Models ◽

Human Health Risk ◽

Potentially Toxic Elements ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Health Risk Management

AbstractRiver Hooghly, a tributary of river Ganges is one of the major rivers of Asia having traditional, social, economic, religious, and spiritual values. Water samples were collected from 18 sampling locations of river Hooghly during summer (dry), monsoon (wet), and winter (cold) seasons. The samples are analysed for basic physicochemical properties and abundance of selected potentially toxic elements (PTEs) are measured. Several PTEs, e.g., Al, Fe, Ni, and Pb, were found to be above the permissible limits, prescribed by national and international guidelines for safe human consumption. The trend of variation in the mean PTE concentrations showed the following order: Cd < Pb < Co < Cr < Ni < Cu < Zn < Mn < Fe. Due to the presence of high total dissolve solid (TDS) and PTE contents, the water quality of river Hooghly is not suitable for direct human consumption. The evaluated Water Quality Index (WQI) value showed a distinct spatio-temporal variation indicating very severe condition of water quality, which is deteriorating gradually from upstream to downstream. In summer, monsoon, and winter, the highest WQI values were observed in Maushuni Island (S15), Petuaghat (S18), and Tapoban (S17), respectively. However, the non-carcinogenic human health risk in terms of Hazard Quotient and Hazard Index values of PTEs indicates no immediate adverse impact on human health due to exposure of PTE contaminated water from river Hooghly through ingestion or dermal route. Though, these risk values for children were higher than adults warranting the adoption of a long-term management plan to cope with potential human health risks. The result suggests implementation of a combination of stringent socio-legal regulations and numerical models for sustainable water related health risk management in river Hooghly.

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Significant Correlations Dependence of High-Risk Chemical Elements in the Environment

Acta Regionalia et Environmentalica ◽

10.1515/aree-2016-0007 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 31-34

Author(s):

Jana Urminská

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Toxic Elements ◽

Chemical Elements ◽

Total Concentration ◽

Statistical Processing ◽

Absorption Spectrometry ◽

Potentially Toxic Elements ◽

Natural Sources ◽

Risk Element

Abstract With the development of industry, agriculture, exploitation of natural sources and with boom of settlement density, the environment is being affected by potentially toxic elements; the phenomenon is consequently reflected on human health. Cadmium is a high risk element for the whole environment. The aim of this research was to analyse and evaluate sediments of selected water reservoirs during the ten-year period in order to determine the concentrations of selected, potentially toxic elements. For statistical processing, the correlation coefficient by the Spearman method and the analysis of the index were used. Sediments are reliable indicators of environmental pollution. The analyses of the sediment samples were carried out by the flow electrochemistry and the atomic absorption spectrometry methods. The total concentration of Cd in sediments was up to 22.60 mg kg−1 of dry matter. pH/KCl was marked in the range from 5.6 to 7.2. From statistical processing of sediments data by Spearman, we determined the dependencies between Cd and the following elements: As, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn. The relations between Cd and the following elements: Pb, As and Cu were very highly positive.

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The nutritional value of intact seed pods of Townsville lucerne (Stylosanthes humilis)

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9690502 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 9 (40) ◽

pp. 502 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

MJ Playne

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

The Other ◽

Germination Capacity ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility ◽

Stylosanthes Humilis ◽

High Germination ◽

Different Levels

Two experiments were done on the digestibility of Townsville lucerne seed with pod by sheep in metabolism cages. In one experiment, all sheep were fed the same amount (454 g dry matter seed with pod each day) and mean dry matter digestibility was 58.6 � 3.4 per cent. In the other, three different levels of seed with pod were fed, and mean organic matter digestibility ranged from 54.0 � 1.2 to 68.3 4 1.8 per cent, but digestibility was not significantly inversely related to mean organic matter intake which ranged from 438 � 69 to 335 & 10 g/day (P>0.05). The seed with pod contained, as per cent of dry matter, 5.54 per cent nitrogen, 0.36 per cent phosphorus, 0.30 per cent sulphur, and 0.88 per cent calcium. The sheep were in positive nitrogen balance, but in negative phosphorus balance. Between 8 and 14 per cent of actual seed consumed was defaecated unbroken. Up to 25 per cent of the faecal organic matter was unbroken seed, which was of high germination capacity (76 per cent). Amount of defaecated seed (P<0.001) and the defaecated seed as a percentage of faecal organic matter (P<0.02) were linearly related to amount of actual seed consumed. Factors affecting the amount of undamaged seed in the faeces and a possible technique for assessing seed consumption by grazing animals are discussed.

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Accumulation and distribution of toxic and potentially toxic elements in potato on different types of soil

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-2740 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jelena Popović-Djordjević ◽

Zoran Broćić ◽

Mirjana Kresović ◽

Jelena Mutić

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Toxic Elements ◽

Potato Production ◽

Soil Samples ◽

The Other ◽

Emission Spectrometry ◽

The Core ◽

Ph Values ◽

Other Hand

Potato is currently the third most significant crop culture in the world, with the production of over 388 million tons in 2016. This crop is present on the tables of Serbian consumers throughout the year because of the tradition and its affordable price. Serbia has relatively good climatic conditions for potato production, which are defined by the temperature regime and the amount and frequency of precipitation. The nutritive value of the potato is mainly attributed to the chemical composition of the tuber. The element composition of tubers depends on many factors, such as: genotype, developmental phase of the plant, agroecological conditions, chemical properties of soil, fertilization and irrigation. On the other hand, geochemical origin of trace elements in the soil, the intensive agriculture production, use of contaminated soil and irrigation water may increase their toxic levels in tubers.&#160;Potato tubers of five varieties were produced on commercial farms at two locations in Western Serbia (Gu&#269;a and Sjenica), with favorable agroecological conditions for potato production. Tuber samples of studied varieties from each location were collected at the end of growing seasons at the stage of physiological maturity. Soil samples were collected from several sites at each production location at the depth of 0&#8211;30 cm. Basic agrochemical properties of the soil samples were determined. Content of toxic (As, Cd, Pb) and potentially toxic (Al, Ba, Ni, V) elements in fresh tubers (peel and core) and soil samples was established by inductively coupled plasma&#8211;optical emission spectrometry (ICP&#8211;OES). Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) of each studied element, as the ratio between its content in the peel and in the core of the tuber and the soil, was calculated.&#160;According to pH values, 4.77 and 6.80, soils were clasified as very acidic (Gu&#269;a location) and slightly acidic (Sjenica location), respectively. Content of studied trace elements in soils, with the exception of Ni, was within the allowable limits. Tuber peel of all studied varieties grown on both soil types was characterized with the higher content of Cd, Al, Ba and Ni, compared to the relevant core. Consenquently, the higher values of BAF were observed in the peel of tubers. Average values of BAF for the studied elements in the peel for both soil pH values 4.77 and 6.80 (Gu&#269;a and Sjenica, respectively) were in the following order: Cd>Ba>Pb>As>Ni>Al=V. On the other hand, average BAF values for the core of the tuber samples were in a slightly different order, depending on the soil pH; Cd>Pb>As>Ba>Ni>Al=V (pH 4.77) and Cd>Pb>As>Ba=Ni>V (pH 6.80). The highest/lowest BAFs were calculated for Cd (0.339) in the peel and Al (0.0002) in the core, respectively. Content of As and Cd did not exeed the maximum allowed concentrations set by the national and European Union regulations, but it should be pointed out that Cd content was close to the upper limit. Also, it was noticed that the content of Pb exceeded the safe limit set for these elements according to both regulations.Keywords: potato tuber, soil, toxic elements, ICPAcknowledgement: This work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Research grant No. 46009).

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