scholarly journals Comparative Studies of Lipid Metabolism in Zebu and British Cattle in a Tropical Environment. I. Plasma Lipid Levels of Grazing Cattle

1968 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
JC O'kelly
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Total Lipid ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Tropical Environment ◽  
Free State ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Grazing Cattle

Plasma lipids have been studied in 77 British (Hereford and Shorthorn), 23 rahman, 63 Brahman X British, 35 Africander, and 182 Africander X British grazing cattle. Cholesterol, phospholipid, and total lipid levels were significantly (P < 0�001) higher in Zebu breeds than in British breeds. The proportion of cholesterol present in the free state was relatively constant and given by the regression equation:

Abstract P555: Plasma Lipids And The Risk For Stroke In The Reasons For Geographic And Racial Differences In Stroke Study (regards).

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Zakai ◽  
Jessica Minnier ◽  
Monika M Safford ◽  
Lisandro Colantonio ◽  
Marguerite M Irvin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Stroke Incidence

Introduction: Whether plasma lipid levels are associated with stroke risk remains controversial, with even less data for American blacks versus whites. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that abnormal lipid levels are not associated with stroke incidence in either blacks or whites. Methods: The REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study recruited 30,283 black and white individuals aged 45+ from the contiguous U.S. between 2003 to 2007, participants with a history of stroke at baseline were excluded. Participants were followed until 2018 for stroke events following the WHO definition and confirmed by review of medical records. The association of lipid measures with stroke were assessed using Cox regression models adjusted for traditional CVD risk factors and an age-x-race interaction term. Results: With 27,714 participants (mean age 64.85± 9.43, 59.5% white and 55.4% female), over a median of 11 years of follow up, 1,415 stroke events occurred, of which 599 among blacks. After adjusting for traditional stroke risk factors, there were modest associations between higher total cholesterol and higher LDL, but not higher triglycerides, with stroke risk. There was no evidence of a race interaction. Overall, HDL levels were not associated with stroke risk. However, when stratified by race, whites had a reduced risk of stroke with higher HDL-C, whereas no association was seen among blacks (p-interaction 0.09). Conclusion: In REGARDs, there was a modest association of cholesterol measures with stroke risk. The association for HDL with stroke may be influenced by race, with a less strong association among blacks than among whites.

scholarly journals Lipid transport in kwashiorkor

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 1005-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Flores ◽  
Nelly Pak ◽  
A. Maccioni ◽  
F Monckeberg
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Serum Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Marked Rise ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Rate Limiting ◽  
Protein Moiety

1. In an attempt to elucidate the pathogenic mechanism of the fatty liver of kwashiorkor some aspects of lipid metabolism were studied in ten patients with kwashiorkor and nine with marasmus, so classified according to the clinical and laboratory findings.2. Plasma lipid levels, especially those of triglycerides, were low in patients with kwashiorkor; they showed a marked rise very early during treatment.3. The changes in the plasma lipid levels occurred mainly in the serum lipoprotein fraction of density < 1.063. The elevation of plasma lipid levels during treatment coincided with a loss of liver lipids and a marked rise in serum protein concentration.4. The findings support the suggestion that the primary mechanism in the production of the fatty liver of kwashiorkor is an impairment in the synthesis of lipoprotein of very low density, probably due to the rate-limiting synthesis of its protein moiety.5. In patients with marasmus no modifications in lipid metabolism were detected by the methods used.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF TUBERCULOSIS AND ANTITUBERCULOUS CHEMOTHERAPY ON LIPID COMPOSITION OF THE BLOOD PLASMA

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 220-224
Author(s):  
Dmitri Sergeevich Riasensii ◽  
N. A. Grishkina ◽  
A. V. Aseev
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Phospholipid Composition ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Aged Patients ◽  
Intensive Phase ◽  
Lipid Spectrum ◽  
Antituberculous Chemotherapy

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by tuberculosis mycobacteria of human or bovine types and is characterized by multiple organs failure and chronic recurrent course. The blood plasma lipid spectrum state is one of the antituberculous chemotherapy toxic effect markers. The important role of the ratio of various fractions of general and blood phospholipids for the evaluation of the state of the organism in infectious pathology is proved. The purpose of this work is to study the features of the lipid spectrum of blood plasma in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis prior to treatment and at the end of the intensive phase of antituberculous chemotherapy. Three hundred and eight young and middle-aged patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were examined. The lipid and phospholipid spectrum of blood was determined prior to initiating the antituberculous chemotherapy and after the end of the intensive phase. The absolute content of general lipids and total phospholipids of blood plasma, as well as all their fractions, in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were higher than in healthy volunteers. In this regard, the representation of the lipid spectrum in absolute units does not reflect all the features of lipid metabolism disruption, which is primarily manifested in the plasma lipids main classes ratio violation. It is shown that the spectrum of lipid and phospholipid composition of blood plasma in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis differs significantly from the spectrum in healthy people. Antituberculous chemotherapy with bactericidal and bacteriostatic action comes with normalization of a number of lipid metabolism indicators such as free fatty acids, triglycerides, cholesterol esters and phosphatidylserine. However, such indicators as total phospholipids, free cholesterol and lysophospholipids show negative dynamics, which is probably caused by the antituberculous drug’s effect.

Lipids as Triggering Factors in Thrombosis

1976 ◽  
Vol 35 (01) ◽  
pp. 032-048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Nordøy
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dietary Fats ◽  
Western World ◽  
Platelet Factor

SummaryAn association has been established between acute and more persistent changes in lipid metabolism as reflected in plasma lipids, and platelet lipid metabolism. Platelet function is affected, particularly the activity and availability of platelet factor 3, however, also other changes making the platelets more sensitive to aggregating substances without interfering with the lipid part of platelet factor 3, have been documented. Experimental studies have demonstrated an increased tendency to thrombosis in animals given a diet with a high fat content with a high ratio of saturated to polyunsaturated fatty acids. Studies in man have mainly established a connection between dietary fats, plasma lipid abnormalities and frequency of coronary heart disease and clinical studies more directly relating thrombosis to lipid metabolism is highly warranted. Many open questions remain to be answered. Probably most relevant would be to understand how the antithrombotic mechanisms in the body are affected by changes in lipid metabolism. Even if thrombotic lesions are very common events in the western world our knowledge based on laboratory and experimental studies should indicate a much higher incidence, solely based on interactions between lipids and platelets in subjects exposed to our dietary habits and our way of life.

scholarly journals Integrative genomic analysis identified common regulatory networks underlying the correlation between coronary artery disease and plasma lipid levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liuying Chen ◽  
Yinghao Yao ◽  
Chaolun Jin ◽  
Shen Wu ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Lipid Level ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Regulatory Relationship ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) and plasma lipid levels are highly correlated, indicating the presence of common pathways between them. Nevertheless, the molecular pathways underlying the pathogenic comorbidities for both traits remain poorly studied. We sought to identify common pathways and key driver genes by performing a comprehensive integrative analysis based on multi-omic datasets. Methods By performing a pathway-based analysis of GWAS summary data, we identified that lipoprotein metabolism process-related pathways were significantly associated with CAD risk. Based on LD score regression analysis of CAD-related SNPs, significant heritability enrichments were observed in the cardiovascular and digestive system, as well as in liver and gastrointestinal tissues, which are the main regulators for lipid level. Results We found there existed significant genetic correlation between CAD and other lipid metabolism related traits (the smallest P value < 1 × 10− 16). A total of 13 genes (e.g., LPA, APOC1, APOE and SLC22A3) was found to be overlapped between CAD and plasma lipid levels. By using the data-driven approach that integrated transcriptome information, we discovered co-expression modules associated prominently with both CAD and plasma lipids. With the detailed topology information on gene-gene regulatory relationship, we illustrated that the identified hub genes played important roles in the pathogenesis of CAD and plasma lipid turbulence. Conclusion Together, we identified the shared molecular mechanisms underlying the correlation between CAD and plasma lipid levels.

scholarly journals Sex-specific plasma lipid profiles of ME/CFS patients and their association with pain, fatigue, and cognitive symptoms

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurore Nkiliza ◽  
Megan Parks ◽  
Adam Cseresznye ◽  
Sarah Oberlin ◽  
James E. Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Bioactive Lipids ◽  
Cognitive Difficulties ◽  
Omega 6

Abstract Background Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex illness which disproportionally affects females. This illness is associated with immune and metabolic perturbations that may be influenced by lipid metabolism. We therefore hypothesized that plasma lipids from ME/CFS patients will provide a unique biomarker signature of disturbances in immune, inflammation and metabolic processes associated with ME/CFS. Methods Lipidomic analyses were performed on plasma from a cohort of 50 ME/CFS patients and 50 controls (50% males and similar age and ethnicity per group). Analyses were conducted with nano-flow liquid chromatography (nLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) systems coupled with a high mass accuracy ORBITRAP mass spectrometer, allowing detection of plasma lipid concentration ranges over three orders of magnitude. We examined plasma phospholipids (PL), neutral lipids (NL) and bioactive lipids in ME/CFS patients and controls and examined the influence of sex on the relationship between lipids and ME/CFS diagnosis. Results Among females, levels of total phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), omega-6 arachidonic acid-containing PE, and total hexosylceramides (HexCer) were significantly decreased in ME/CFS compared to controls. In males, levels of total HexCer, monounsaturated PE, phosphatidylinositol (PI), and saturated triglycerides (TG) were increased in ME/CFS patients compared to controls. Additionally, omega-6 linoleic acid-derived oxylipins were significantly increased in male ME/CFS patients versus male controls. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified three major components containing mostly PC and a few PE, PI and SM species—all of which were negatively associated with headache and fatigue severity, irrespective of sex. Correlations of oxylipins, ethanolamides and ME/CFS symptom severity showed that lower concentrations of these lipids corresponded with an increase in the severity of headaches, fatigue and cognitive difficulties and that this association was influenced by sex. Conclusion The observed sex-specific pattern of dysregulated PL, NL, HexCer and oxylipins in ME/CFS patients suggests a possible role of these lipids in promoting immune dysfunction and inflammation which may be among the underlying factors driving the clinical presentation of fatigue, chronic pain, and cognitive difficulties in ill patients. Further evaluation of lipid metabolism pathways is warranted to better understand ME/CFS pathogenesis.

Lipoprotein metabolism

2011 ◽  
pp. 1659-1667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Angelin ◽  
Paolo Parini
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Lipoprotein Metabolism ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Plasma Lipoprotein ◽  
Major Function ◽  
Signalling Molecules ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

The realization that raised concentrations of plasma lipids, particularly cholesterol, are associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease has stimulated the study of factors regulating plasma lipid metabolism. With the use of increasingly refined methodology, our understanding of normal plasma lipoprotein metabolism and its derangements due to the influence of genetic and environmental factors is continuously expanding. This chapter summarizes some current concepts regarding plasma lipoprotein transport in normal humans, forming a basis for the discussion of the development of various dyslipidaemias in the following chapters. Lipids represent a heterogeneous group of substances with several biological functions. Phospholipids and cholesterol are essential components of cell membranes, and cholesterol is also the precursor of steroid hormones and bile acids. Some fatty acids form the origin of bioactive compounds such as prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes; phospholipids, fatty acids, and cholesterol may also serve as signalling molecules in their own right. Furthermore, lipid complexes are necessary for the transport of lipid-soluble vitamins, and may have a protective role in the defence against toxins and infectious agents. From an overall physiological perspective, however, the major function of plasma lipid metabolism is the exchange of fat as energy substrates.

scholarly journals Tribbles-1: a novel regulator of hepatic lipid metabolism in humans

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1079-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Bauer ◽  
Batuhan O. Yenilmez ◽  
Daniel J. Rader
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Hepatic Lipogenesis ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Hepatic Lipid

The protein tribbles-1, encoded by the gene TRIB1, is increasingly recognized as a major regulator of multiple cellular and physiological processes in humans. Recent human genetic studies, as well as molecular biological approaches, have implicated this intriguing protein in the aetiology of multiple human diseases, including myeloid leukaemia, Crohn's disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), dyslipidaemia and coronary artery disease (CAD). Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have repeatedly identified variants at the genomic TRIB1 locus as being significantly associated with multiple plasma lipid traits and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in humans. The involvement of TRIB1 in hepatic lipid metabolism has been validated through viral-mediated hepatic overexpression of the gene in mice; increasing levels of TRIB1 decreased plasma lipids in a dose-dependent manner. Additional studies have implicated TRIB1 in the regulation of hepatic lipogenesis and NAFLD. The exact mechanisms of TRIB1 regulation of both plasma lipids and hepatic lipogenesis remain undetermined, although multiple signalling pathways and transcription factors have been implicated in tribbles-1 function. Recent reports have been aimed at developing TRIB1-based lipid therapeutics. In summary, tribbles-1 is an important modulator of human energy metabolism and metabolic syndromes and worthy of future studies aimed at investigating its potential as a therapeutic target.

Lipids and polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in deliberate self-harm: a 10-year follow-up study

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Gallagher ◽  
F. Byrne ◽  
I. T. Murray ◽  
J. Lally ◽  
J. M. Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Motor Impulsivity ◽  
Self Harm

ObjectivesTo evaluate if n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and lipid levels are associated with episodes of self-harm or depression over a 10-year period.MethodsWe included 40 individuals who self-harmed and 40 controls. Episodes of self-harm and depression were ascertained and levels of depression, impulsivity, suicidal ideation and plasma lipid levels measured at baseline and at 10-year follow-up.ResultsFurther episode(s) of self-harm occurred in 26% of cases. Omega-3 PUFAs or lipids were not predictive of depressive or self-harm episodes. Baseline eicosapentaenoic acid levels were modestly correlated with suicidal ideation at follow-up and dihomo-γ-linolenic acid and arachidonic acid were modestly correlated with motor impulsivity at follow-up in cases.ConclusionsDespite significant negative correlations at baseline between plasma lipids, n-3 PUFAs and psychopathology, these levels were not predictive of clinical outcome over a 10-year period. Further research however is required due to the relatively low sample size and the risk of selection bias due to loss to follow-up in this study.

Dietary Cholesterol and Adrenal Regulation of Plasma Lipids

1958 ◽  
Vol 195 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Powers ◽  
N. R. Di Luzio
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Dietary Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Plasma Phospholipid ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Purina Chow ◽  
Desoxycorticosterone Acetate

Adrenalectomized dogs maintained on desoxycorticosterone acetate manifest a progressive depletion of plasma phospholipid and cholesterol. Within a 4-week period a mean decrease of 60% is observed. The daily addition of cholesterol to the Purina chow diet prevented the hypolipemic response and resulted in significant elevation in the concentration of plasma cholesterol. The feeding of an identical amount of cholesterol to dogs with intact adrenals was not associated with any alteration in plasma lipid levels. The feeding of identical amounts of highly saturated fats or soya lecithin to adrenalectomized dogs resulted in the characteristic decline of plasma phospholipid and cholesterol. A significant contribution of the adrenal gland to the regulation of plasma lipid metabolism in normal and cholesterol-fed dogs is indicated.

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