Reproductive Potential of Obligate Seeder and Resprouter Herbaceous Perennial Monocots (Restionaceae, Anarthriaceae, Ecdeiocoleaceae) from South-western Western Australia

1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 771 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Meney ◽  
K. W. Dixon ◽  
J. S. Pate
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Obligate Seeder ◽  
Catastrophic Loss ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level ◽  
Herbaceous Perennial ◽  
Germinable Seed

Pre- and post-dispersal reproductive success was studied in 22 species from three related Southern Hemisphere families, Restionaceae, Ecdeiocoleaceae and Anarthriaceae. Pre-dispersal success was compared for resprouter and obligate seeder species using seed: ovule ratios and carpel: flower ratios. The data indicated a high level of variability between taxa but pre-dispersal reproductive success of obligate seeders was significantly higher (67% conversion of ovules to seeds) than that of resprouters (35%). Two seeders, an extremely rare species (‘Chordifex’ abortivus) and a strongly clonal species (Alexgeorgea subterranea), showed pre-dispersal reproductive success values lower than or equal to the mean value for resprouters. Post-dispersal reproductive success was predicted in terms of proportions of germinable seeds produced per ovule (as determined by in vitro germination of isolated embryos). Data again varied widely between taxa, averaging 23% conversion of ovules to seeds with no clear relationship to regeneration mode. The mean number of germinable seeds per culm ranged from 0.03 to 21 between species, with cases of particularly low ovule output and/or low germinability in critically low germinable seed numbers for a species. The regeneration potential of a subset of species was assessed as mean annual production of germinable seed per reproducing plant of a population. The data indicated low values (less than eight seeds per adult) for all but three highly fecund species, suggesting that germinable seed output in some species might be scarcely able to compensate for natural senescence or catastrophic loss of parent populations (e.g. after fire, disease, increased competition following eutrophication).

scholarly journals AB0189 LIPOPROTEIN ABNORMALITIES IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1119.1-1119
Author(s):  
L. Nacef ◽  
Y. Besbes ◽  
Y. Mabrouk ◽  
H. Ferjani ◽  
K. Maatallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Calcium Score ◽  
Healthy Person ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
American College Of Rheumatology ◽  
Patient Consent ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level

Background:The lipid paradox is termed the decreased cholesterol level in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Nevertheless, the apolipoprotein levels are usually higher than a healthy person and are predictors of cardiovascular events.Objectives:We aimed to describe lipid abnormalities in RA patients and to look for predictor factors of these changes.Methods:The prospective study was carried out on patients with RA who met the 2010 American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) classification criteria. These patients were followed in the rheumatology department of the Kassab Institute.We collected the socio-demographic data, biological and immunological parameters.The lipid assessment included: a measurement of total cholesterol (TC), HDL, LDL, and triglycerides (TG). Lipoproteins APOA1 and APOB were measured. All data were collected after patient consent.Results:Of the 47 patients recruited, 78.7% were female. The mean age was 52.5 ±11.06 [32-76]. The average RA progressed from 86.25 ±63 months [5-288] and was erosive in 81.6% of cases. The rheumatoid factor (RF) was positive in 57.8% of patients, and citrullinated antipeptide antibodies (ACPA) were present in 62.2%. Eight patients had a previous CV history.Mean TC was 4.42 ±1.3 [1.2-7.58], mean HDL was 1.38 ±0.73 [0.18-4.10], mean LDL was 2.55 ±1.16 [0.24-5.54]. The mean TG value was 1.28 ±0.6 [0.24-5.54]. TC elevation was found in 9.1% of cases, HDL in 21.3% of cases, LDL in 5.5% of cases, and TG in 16.4% of cases. Mean APOB/APOA1 ratio was 0.67 ±0.18 [0,46-1,11]. LDL elevation was associated to a high DAS28 (p=0.06, r=0.512). APOA1 was associated to a low DAS28 (p=0.04, r=-0.642).The mean value of APO A1 was 1.36 ±0.21 [0.84-1.81], that of APOB was 0.90 ±0.22 [0.58-1.40]. APOA1 values were lower in patients with high-level LDL (p=0.767). The APOB value was associated with lipid disturbance without significant correlation (p=0.291).Conclusion:Lipid test abnormalities can be found in RA patients outside of any known CV risk factors. APOA1 seems to have a protective effect. Screening and treatment of these abnormalities can prevent CV risk.References:[1]Miguel Bernardes and al. Coronary artery calcium score in female rheumatoid arthritis patients: Associations with apolipoproteins and disease biomarkers. Int J Rheum Dis. 2019;00:1–16.[2]Anna So dergren and al. Biomarkers associated with cardiovascular disease in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. PLOS ONE. August 5, 2019.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Shear bond strength evaluation of bonded molar tubes on fluorotic molars

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika L. Silva-Benítez ◽  
Veronica Zavala-Alonso ◽  
Gabriel A. Martinez-Castanon ◽  
Juan P. Loyola-Rodriguez ◽  
Nuria Patiño-Marin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Fixed Appliance ◽  
Adhesive Remnant Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Electronic Microscope

Abstract Objective: To study the shear bond strength (SBS), sites of failure, and micromorphology of bonded molar tubes used on teeth affected by dental fluorosis. Materials and Methods: This in vitro study included 140 first molars classified according to Dean's index for dental fluorosis. Samples were divided into seven groups: (1) healthy teeth etched for 15 seconds, (2) teeth with moderate fluorosis (MOF) etched for 15 seconds, (3) teeth with MOF etched for 150 seconds, (4) teeth with MOF microabrasion etched for 15 seconds, (5) teeth with severe fluorosis (SEF) etched for 15 seconds, (6) teeth with SEF etched for 150 seconds, and (7) teeth with SEF microabrasion etched for 15 seconds. All samples were incubated and were then submitted to the SBS test and evaluated with the modified adhesive remnant index (ARI) and analyzed by using a scanning electronic microscope. Results: The SBS mean value for healthy enamel was 20 ± 10.2 MPa. For the group with MOF, the etched 150-second mean value was the highest (19 ± 7.6 MPa); for the group with SEF treated with microabrasion and etched for 15 seconds, the mean value was (13 ± 4.1 MPa). Significant differences (P ≤ .05) were found in the ARI between healthy and fluorosed groups. Conclusions: Fluorotic enamel affects the adhesion of bonded molar tubes. The use of overetching in cases of MOF and the combination of microabrasion and etching in SEF provides a suitable adhesion for fixed appliance therapy.

Literature Review : Burnout pada Perawat Selama Pandemi COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1300-1305
Author(s):  
Arti Ayuningtiyas ◽  
Benny Arief Sulistyanto
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Moderate Level ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Nurse Burnout ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level

AbstractDuring the Covid-19 pandemic, nurses are at the forefront. Many nurses experience stress and fatigue due to increased workload. Stress and fatigue that is obtained at work, both physical and psychological fatigue, is known as Burnout. This study aimed to describe the incidence of Burnout experienced by nurses during the Covid 19 Pandemic. This research is a literature review. This study was looking for some articles from PubMed,Garuda, and Google Scholar, with keyword. There were 5 articles that matched the research inclusion criteria. Critical analysis of 5 articles used the JBI instrument. These articles used the mean calculation. In the Emotional Exhaustion category, the mean value was 22.75 and SD was 8.828. it meant that the burnout level in the Emotional Exhaustion category was at a moderate level. In the depersonalization category, the mean value was 7.54 with SD 4.248. it meant that the burnout level in the depersonalization category was at a moderate level. In the personal accomplishment category, the mean was 19.676 with SD of 6.7. it mean that the burnout level in this category was a high level. The nurses experience burnout during the Covid-19 pandemic. The Emotional exhaustion category is a moderate level, depersonalization is at a moderate level, and personal accomplishment is at a high level.Keywords: Nurse, Burnout, Covid-19 pandemic AbstrakDimasa pandemi Covid-19 perawat berada pada garda terdepan, banyak perawat mengalami stress dan kelelahan dikarenakan beban kerja meningkat. Stress dan Kelelahan yang didapat saat kerja baik itu kelelahan fisik maupun psikis dikenal dengan nama Burnout penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kejadian Burnout yang dialami Perawat selama Pandemi Covid 19. Penelitian ini adalah literatur review. Hasil pencarian artikel dari database online yaitu Pubmed,Garuda dan Google Scholar, dengan kata kunci di dapatkan 5 artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi penelitian. Analisa telaah kritis terhadap 5 artikel menggunakan instrument JBI. Terdapat 5 Artikel yang menggunakan perhitungan mean di dapatkan hasil kategori Emotional Exhaustion nilai mean sebanyak 22.75 dan SD 8.828 dimana hasil menunjukkan level burnout pada level sedang. Kategori depersonalization dengan nilai mean 7.54 dengan SD 4.248 dimana hasil burnout pada level sedang. Kategori personal accomplishment hasil mean 19.676 dengan SD 6.7 dimana hasil burnout menunjukkan level tinggi. Dari 5 Artikel yang di telaah di dapatkan Perawat mengalami Burnout selama pandemic Covid-19, kategori Emotional Exhaustion berada pada level sedang, depersonalization berada pada level sedang, dan personal accomplishment pada level tinggi.Kata Kunci : Perawat, Burnout, pandemi Covid-19

scholarly journals Coupling and Coordination Degrees of the Core Water–Energy–Food Nexus in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shasha Xu ◽  
Weijun He ◽  
Juqin Shen ◽  
Dagmawi Mulugeta Degefu ◽  
Liang Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Development Levels ◽  
High Level ◽  
Coordination Development ◽  
Coordination Degree

Achieving sustainable development in the water–energy–food (WEF) nexus is gaining global attention. The coupling and coordination degrees are a way to measure sustainable development levels of a complex system. This study assessed the coupling and coordination degrees of the core WEF nexus and identified key factors that affect sustainable development. First, an index system for assessing coupling and coordination degrees of the core WEF nexus was built. Second, the development levels of three subsystems as well as the coupling and coordination degrees of the core WEF nexus in China were calculated. The results showed that from 2007 to 2016, the mean value of the coupling degree was 0.746 (range (0.01, 1)), which was a high level. This proved that the three resources were interdependent. Hence, it was necessary to study their relationship. However, the mean value of the coordination degree was 0.395 (range (0, 1)), which was a low level. This showed that the coordination development of the core WEF nexus in China was low. It is necessary to take some measures to improve the situation. According to the key factors that affect the development levels of water, energy, and food subsystems, the authors put forward some suggestions to improve the coordination development of the WEF system in China.

scholarly journals Antagonism at combined effects of chemical fertilizers and carbamate insecticides on the rice-field N2-fixing cyanobacterium Cylindrospermum sp. in vitro

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabindra N. Padhy ◽  
Nabakishore Nayak ◽  
Shakti Rath
Keyword(s):  
Mean Value ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Carbamate Insecticides ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Progressive Growth ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Reduced Toxicity ◽  
Ppm Level

Abstract Effects of chemical fertilizers (urea, super phosphate and potash) on toxicities of two carbamate insecticides, carbaryl and carbofuran, individually to the N2-fixing cyanobacterium, Cylindrospermum sp. were studied in vitro at partially lethal levels (below highest permissive concentrations) of each insecticide. The average number of vegetative cells between two polar heterocysts was 16.3 in control cultures, while the mean value of filament length increased in the presence of chemical fertilizers, individually. Urea at the 10 ppm level was growth stimulatory and at the 50 ppm level it was growth inhibitory in control cultures, while at 100 ppm it was antagonistic, i.e. toxicity-enhancing along with carbaryl, individually to the cyanobacterium, antagonism was recorded. Urea at 50 ppm had toxicity reducing effect with carbaryl or carbofuran. At 100 and 250 ppm carbofuran levels, 50 ppm urea only had a progressive growth enhancing effect, which was marked well at 250 ppm carbofuran level, a situation of synergism. Super phosphate at the 10 ppm level only was growth promoting in control cultures, but it was antagonistic at its higher levels (50 and 100 ppm) along with both insecticides, individually. Potash (100, 200, 300 and 400 ppm) reduced toxicity due to carbaryl 20 and carbofuran 250 ppm levels, but potash was antagonistic at the other insecticide levels. The data clearly showed that the chemical fertilizers used were antagonistic with both the insecticides during toxicity to Cylindrospermum sp.

scholarly journals Dental implant location via surface scanner: a pilot study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Zhou ◽  
Hui Zhou ◽  
Shu-yi Li ◽  
Yuan-ming Geng
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implant ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Angular Deviation ◽  
Surface Scanning ◽  
Anatomic Structure ◽  
Vertical Deviation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Purpose Implant location is performed after placement to verify that the safety of neighboring anatomic structure and the realizability of prosthetic plan. Routine postoperative location is based on radiological scanning and raises the concerns on radiation exposure and inconveniency in practice. In the present study a location method based on surface scanning was introduced and the accuracy of this method was assessed in vitro. Material and methods A total of 40 implants were placed in 10 resin mandible models. The models were scanned with intraoral scanner (IS group) and extraoral scanner (ES group). The implant position was located with fusing the images of surface scanning and cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) after implant placement. Deviations were measured between positions located by surface scanner and postoperative CBCT with the parameters: central deviation at apex (cda), central deviation at hex (cdh), horizontal deviation at apex (hda), horizontal deviation at hex (hdh), vertical deviation at apex (vda), vertical deviation at hex (vdh) and angular deviation (ad). Results In IS group, the mean value of cda, cdh, hda, hdh, vda, vdh and ad was 0.27 mm, 0.23 mm, 0.12 mm, 0.10 mm, 0.21 mm, 0.19 mm and 0.72°, respectively. In ES group, the mean value of cda, cdh, hda, hdh, vda, vdh and ad was 0.28 mm, 0.25 mm 0.14 mm, 0.11 mm, 0.22 mm, 0.20 mm and 0.68°, respectively. The implant deviations in IS and ES groups were of no significant difference for any of the measurements. Conclusions Dental implant can be located via surface scanner with acceptable accuracy for postoperative verification. Further clinical investigation is needed to assess the feasibility of the method.

scholarly journals Market Orientation Practices among Micro-Sized Enterprises: A Descriptive Evidence using MKTOR Scale

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Dzulkarnain Musa
Keyword(s):  
Market Orientation ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Customer Orientation ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Stratified Random Sampling ◽  
Competitor Orientation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level

Previous studies have found that market orientation practices were important in benefiting the continuity of the business firms. In this regard, the study tries to focus on the market orientation practices using MKTOR scale including customer orientation, competitor orientation and coordination between functions. The survey type of study was carried out among 136 micro-sized enterprises in Perlis and grouped into four major towns using stratified random sampling technique. Results from the descriptive analysis were shown that the mean value for the three market orientation constructs was at medium high level. The issue gives an overview of moderate market orientation practices amongst such enterprises. This finding provides useful enlightenment to micro-sized enterprises and related parties in developing the business in the future. Some implications to the related parties and future suggestions were discussed.

In Vitro and in Vivo Measurement of Total Antiplasmin Activity

1977 ◽  
Vol 37 (02) ◽  
pp. 216-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Matsuo ◽  
Hisashi Mihara
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Rabbit Plasma ◽  
In Vivo Measurement ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Infusion Speed

SummaryTotal antiplasmin was measured in vitro and in vivo. In the former case, rabbit plasma was mixed with various concentrations of Urokinase (UK) and the least concentration for appearance of fibrinolytic activity was estimated. This concentration was multiplied by the plasma volume of the rabbit to give the in vitro total antiplasmin. The mean value for 14 rabbits was 4,068.6 units.In order to estimate the total antiplasmin in vivo, UK solution was infused into rabbits. The infusion speed was multiplied by the time of the first appearance of fibrinolytic activity to give the total antiplasmin, although when the infusion speed was low, fibrinolytic activity did not appear during infusion. The mean in vivo total antiplasmin calculated for 6 cases where the infusion speed was high and fibrinolytic activity was observed, was 28,699.8 units, i.e. about 7 (range, 3-11) times the in vitro value.

Effect of Incorporating Zirconia Powder into a Primer on the Resin Bond Strength to Zirconia Ceramic

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 5575-5578
Author(s):  
Eunkyung Lee ◽  
Yangho Lee ◽  
Young Kyung Kim ◽  
Chan Ho Park ◽  
Tae-Yub Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Zirconia Ceramic ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Zirconia Powder ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ftir Spectrophotometry

The adhesion property of zirconia powder-incorporated primers was investigated in vitro with the aim of enhancing the resin bond strength to zirconia ceramic. A commercial zirconia primer was modified through the addition of 0 (control), 5, 10, 25, and 50 wt% of a zirconia powder (codes: ZP0, ZP5, ZP10, ZP25, and ZP50, respectively). Prior to primer modification, the powder was characterized via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometry. The surfaces of dental zirconia ceramic discs were air-abraded and treated with one of the five primers. One resin composite cylinder (diameter: 2.38 mm) was bonded on one specimen surface (n = 12/group). The bonded specimens were all stored for 24 h in distilled water at 37 °C and subjected to 5000 thermal cycles prior to shear bond strength (SBS) testing. The DSC and FTIR analyses confirmed that the zirconia powder contained an organic binder. The SBS test results showed that the groups could be arranged as follows, ZP25 > ZP10 > ZP5 > ZP0, i.e., in descending order of the mean value. The lowest SBS value was obtained for the ZP50 group. The results suggest that the incorporation of a zirconia powder into a primer represents a promising modification method for improving the resin bond strength to zirconia ceramic.

Assembly of three major subclasses of mouse immunoglobulin G: a theoretical model for covalent assembly in vivo

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 688-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Percy ◽  
M. E. Percy ◽  
R. Baumal
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
In Vitro Assembly ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Mouse Myeloma

A mathematical model, based on second-order reaction kinetics, has been used to describe the covalent assembly of immunoglobulin G (IgG) in vitro from its heavy (H) and light (L) chains (Percy, M. E., Baumal, R., Dorrington, K. J. &Percy, J. (1976) Can. J. Biochem. 54, 675–687). In the present paper, the same model has now been applied to the steady-state assembly of IgG in vivo. This mathematical approach permits a quantitative comparison of the pathways of covalent assembly used by given immunoglobulins in vivo and in vitro. The assumptions in the model are: the species L, H, HL, HH, HHL and LHHL belong to a common pool; incompleted IgG intermediates may freely assemble to form HL, HH, HHL and LHHL; the reaction rate for covalent linkage between any two reacting species is proportional to the products of the number densities of the reactants and to a parameter P which takes the value PHH if the reaction joins two H chains, and PHL if it joins an H and L chain. In vivo values of PHH/PHL were determined for the 18 mouse myeloma tumours and cell lines studied by Baumal et al. (Baumal, R., Potter, M. &Scharff, M. (1971) J. Exp. Med. 134, 1316–1334). From these analyses, we have arrived at the following conclusions: (1) the three major IgG subclasses have distinctive values of PHH/PHL (mean value 53 for IgG1, 12 for IgG2a and 2.8 for IgG2b); (2) for IgGs of the same subclass, the values of PHH/PHL are similar; (3) the mean in vivo values of PHH/PHL are very close to those determined from in vitro assembly experiments. Finally, the individual values of PHH/PHL have been used to simulate pulse-chase experiments in the various tumours and cell lines. Considering the sources and magnitude of experimental error, the theoretical pathways of assembly agree with those determined qualitatively from the pulse-chase experiments.

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