The fate of magnesium applied to flue-cured tobacco, and its effect on leaf quality and magnesium content

1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (48) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Pinkerton
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Leaf Position ◽  
Leaf Quality ◽  
Optimum Rate ◽  
Consequent Reduction

In an outdoor trial with tobacco in sand culture, plants were supplied initially with inadequate magnesium for maximum leaf quality. The effects on quality and magnesium concentration of the cures leaf when magnesium supply was increased were studied.Magnesium passed preferentially to the leaves of poor quality at any leaf position depended on the time and size of the of the increase in nutrient magnesium.The longer the delay in adding magnesium at the optimum rate the greater the number of lower leaves of poor quality. Addition of magnesium at above optimum level improved the quality of the leaf lower on the stalk, but led to an accumulation of magnesium in the top leaf with a consequent reduction in quality.

Recovery of flue-cured tobacco from magnesium deficiency: changes in leaf magnesium content and effects on leaf quality

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 641 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Pinkerton
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Leaf Quality ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

Twenty-four days after being transplanted into sand culture outdoors, tobacco plants were supplied with nutrient solutions with and without magnesium. Magnesium at two levels was resupplied to some deficiency-stressed plants 6, 11, 16, or 26 days later, and all plants were grown to maturity. The value of cured leaf was affected adversely when the period without magnesium exceeded 6 days. Quality of top leaf, but not of cutters, was improved when resupply was made at the rate necessary for maximum leaf value when supplied throughout. Addition of magnesium at a higher level improved the quality of leaf lower on the stalk, but led to an accumulation of magnesium in top leaf with subsequent impairment of quality. It appeared that the leaf concentration of magnesium had to fall below 0.2% for a period of between 5 and 10 days for leaf deficiency symptoms to appear. The application of magnesium, even at a high rate, upon the appearance of the first symptoms of deficiency resulted in a loss of over 25% in the value per plant.

Studies on the metabolism of detached tobacco leaves. 1. The influence of potassium nutrition on the growth of tobacco and the quality of cured leaf

1959 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
WJ Lovett
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Potassium Nutrition ◽  
Commercial Practice ◽  
Curing Characteristics ◽  
Low Potassium ◽  
Colour Changes

Cured tobacco leaf of good quality was produced from plants grown in sand culture in a glass-house. A correlation was noted between potassium nutrition and quality, and moreover, poor quality leaf from low potassium levels showed similar symptoms to those of the 'trashy leaf' of commercial practice. It is concluded that potassium levels in the culture medium, and hence within the plant itself, are related to leaf area, leaf weight per unit area, and loss of fresh weight during curing-characteristics which find expression in the commercial grading system. Colour changes which appeared to be related to the level of potassium supplied were also observed during curing.

Effects of foliar application of magnesium sulphate on the quality and magnesium content of flue-cured tobacco

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (70) ◽  
pp. 677 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Pinkerton ◽  
PN Person
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Magnesium Sulphate ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Tobacco Seedlings ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

Tobacco seedlings were not damaged by sprays containing up to 20 per cent magnesium sulphate, but deleterious effects on leaf were observed when several applications of three per cent or more were applied to full-sized plants. In an outdoor trial with tobacco in sand culture plants were supplied with nutrient solutions with and without magnesium. The effects of foliar application of two per cent magnesium sulphate on quality and magnesium concentration in the cured leaf were studied. Seven sprays applied at about seven day intervals raised the magnesium concentration in leaves by 0.30 to 0.40 per cent Mg. Five sprays applied after the onset of deficiency symptoms raised the concentration in leaves by 0.1 6 to 0.25 per cent Mg, and improved quality greatly compared with leaves from deficient plants. Application of one spray several days prior to picking increased the concentration in leaves by approximately 0.08 per cent Mg, but had an adverse effect on value. The value of the leaf from sprayed plants was never as good as that from the best plants supplied with magnesium via the roots only even though the magnesium concentrations in leaf were similar. The difference in quality was not attributable to deleterious effects of high sulphur content.

The effects of magnesium deficiency on the quality and magnesium content of flue-cured tobacco leaf

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 613
Author(s):  
A Pinkerton
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Magnesium Deficiency ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Final Size ◽  
Total Leaf Area ◽  
Equivalent Basis

In an outdoor trial with tobacco in sand culture, two levels of magnesium were supplied initially in the nutrient solution. The effects on quality and magnesium concentration in the cured leaf when magnesium was withheld from the nutrient were studied. When the magnesium supply was inadequate the reduction in magnesium concentration in leaves was largely accounted for by the diluting effect of increase in dry weight, and was accentuated under conditions of extreme deficiency by transference of magnesium from older leaves to actively expanding tissues nearer the apex. The effects of deficiency on quality depended partly on the amount of magnesium the plant had absorbed before the cessation of magnesium supply. To avoid loss of quality, magnesium in the nutrient solution had to be maintained at 20 % at least of the total cations (equivalent basis) until plants had been 'topped' (i.e. inflorescence removed) and the total leaf area of the plant had reached c. two-thirds of its final size.

scholarly journals Klasifikasi Kualitas Mutu Daun Gambir Ladang Rakyat Menggunakan Metode Convolutional Neural Network

2021 ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Teddy Winanda ◽  
Yuhandri Yunus ◽  
H Hendrick
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Data Augmentation ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Leaf Quality ◽  
Manual Inspection ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Python Programming

Indonesia is one of the countries which have the best Gambier quality in the world. Those are a few areas in Indonesia which have best gambier quality such as Aceh, Riau, North Sumatera, Bengkulu, South Sumatera and West Sumatra. Kabupaten 50 Kota is one of the regencies in west Sumatra that supplies gambier in Indonesia. The gambier leaf selection is mostly done by manual inspection or conventional method. The leaf color, thickness and structure are the important parameters in selecting gambier leaf quality. Farmers usually classify the quality of gambier leaves into good and bad. Computer Vision can help farmers to classify gambier leaves automatically. To realize this proposed method, gambier leaves are collected to create a dataset for training and testing processes. The gambier image leaves is captured by using DLSR camera at Kabupaten 50 Koto manually. 60 images were collected in this research which separated into 30 images with good and 30 images with bad quality. Furthermore, the gambier leaves image is processed by using digital image processing and coded by using python programming language. Both TensorFlow and Keras were implemented as frameworks in this research. To get a faster processing time, Ubuntu 18.04 Linux is selected as an operating system. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is the basis of image classification and object detection. In this research, the miniVGGNet architecture was used to perform the model creation. A quantity of dataset images was increased by applying data augmentation methods. The result of image augmentation for good quality gambier produced 3000 images. The same method was applied to poor quality images, the same results were obtained as many as 3000 images, with a total of 6000 images. The classification of gambier leaves produced by the Convolutional Neural Network method using miniVGGNet architecture obtained an accuracy rate of 0.979 or 98%. This method can be used to classify the quality of Gambier leaves very well.

scholarly journals Klasifikasi Kualitas Mutu Daun Gambir Ladang Rakyat Menggunakan Metode Convolutional Neural Network

2021 ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Teddy Winanda ◽  
Y Yuhandri ◽  
H Hendrick
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Data Augmentation ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Leaf Quality ◽  
Manual Inspection ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Python Programming

Indonesia is one of the countries which have the best Gambier quality in the world. Those are a few areas in Indonesia which have best gambier quality such as Aceh, Riau, North Sumatera, Bengkulu, South Sumatera and West Sumatra. Kabupaten 50 Kota is one of the regencies in west Sumatra that supplies gambier in Indonesia. The gambier leaf selection is mostly done by manual inspection or conventional method. The leaf color, thickness and structure are the important parameters in selecting gambier leaf quality. Farmers usually classify the quality of gambier leaves into good and bad. Computer Vision can help farmers to classify gambier leaves automatically. To realize this proposed method, gambier leaves are collected to create a dataset for training and testing processes. The gambier image leaves is captured by using DLSR camera at Kabupaten 50 Koto manually. 60 images were collected in this research which separated into 30 images with good and 30 images with bad quality. Furthermore, the gambier leaves image is processed by using digital image processing and coded by using python programming language. Both TensorFlow and Keras were implemented as frameworks in this research. To get a faster processing time, Ubuntu 18.04 Linux is selected as an operating system. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is the basis of image classification and object detection. In this research, the miniVGGNet architecture was used to perform the model creation. A quantity of dataset images was increased by applying data augmentation methods. The result of image augmentation for good quality gambier produced 3000 images. The same method was applied to poor quality images, the same results were obtained as many as 3000 images, with a total of 6000 images. The classification of gambier leaves produced by the Convolutional Neural Network method using miniVGGNet architecture obtained an accuracy rate of 0.979 or 98%. This method can be used to classify the quality of Gambier leaves very well

An experience of performing spirometry by trained general practitioners

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-36
Author(s):  
M. A. Pokhaznikova ◽  
E. A. Andreeva ◽  
O. Yu. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioners ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Study Research ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Quality Of Research ◽  
Forced Expiratory Maneuver ◽  
Maximal Effort

The article discusses the experience of teaching and conducting spirometry of general practitioners as part of the RESPECT study (RESearch on the PrEvalence and the diagnosis of COPD and its Tobacco-related aetiology). A total of 33 trained in spirometry general practitioners performed a study of 3119 patients. Quality criteria met 84.1% of spirometric studies. The analysis of the most common mistakes made by doctors during the forced expiratory maneuver is included. The most frequent errors were expiration exhalation of less than 6s (54%), non-maximal effort throughout the test and lack of reproducibility (11.3%). Independent predictors of poor spirogram quality were male gender, obstruction (FEV1 /FVC<0.7), and the center where the study was performed. The number of good-quality spirograms ranged from 96.1% (95% CI 83.2–110.4) to 59.8% (95% CI 49.6–71.4) depending on the center. Subsequently, an analysis of the reasons behind the poor quality of research in individual centers was conducted and the identified shortcomings were eliminated. The poor quality of the spirograms was associated either with the errors of the doctors who undertook the study or with the technical malfunctions of the spirometer.

KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN STROKE DI POLIKLINIK RAWAT JALAN RUMAH SAKIT SWASTA YOGYAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-237
Author(s):  
Hana Larasati ◽  
Theresia Titin Marlina
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Sampling System ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Psychological Dimension

Background: stroke is a disorder of nervous system function that occurs suddenly and is caused by brain bleeding disorders that can affect the quality of life physical dimensions, social dimensions, psychological dimensions, environmental dimensions. Based on the result of Lumbu study (2015) the number of samples were 71 people collected data using the (WHOQOL-BREF). There were 56 people (78,9%) had the poor quality of life of post stroke. The mean of post-stroke quality of life domain was physical domain (45,27%), psychological domain (49,87%), social relations domain (48,15%) and environmental domain (50.01%). Objective: the purpose of the study was know the quality of life of the stroke patients in Outpatient Polyclinic of Private Hospital in Yogyakarta. Methods: used descriptive quantitative by using questionnaire test of purposive sampling system based on patients who have been affected of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke before, number 30 respondents. Result: quality of life of stroke patient of medium physical dimension (67%), psychological dimension (71%), social dimension (67%), dimension good environment (63%). Conclusion: the quality of life of stroke patients of physical dimension, psychological dimension, and moderate social dimension, while the quality of life of stroke patients were good environmental dimension.   Keywords: Hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke, quality of life

YEAR 2020: ON THE REMAINING REPRODUCTIVE THREATS AND THEIR NEUTRALIZATION ON THE WAYS TO IMPROVE STRATEGIC PLANNING AND INDUSTRIAL POLICY, THE DEPLOYMENT OF THE NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM AND ITS SECTORAL AND REGIONAL SUBSYSTEMS

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-53
Author(s):  
Yu.B. Vinslav
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technological Modernization

The article analyzes the main indicators of the evolution of the domestic economy and its industrial complex in the past year (in January — November 2019). It Identifies trends in this evolution, including negative trends that determine the preservation of reproductive threats in 2020: sluggishness, instability and low quality of economic growth. The main reasons for the fact that the objective resource capabilities of the macro level were clearly not used enough to effectively solve the urgent problems of technological modernization of the economy and increase people’s welfare are established. The main reason is the poor quality of public administration, including imperfect strategic planning and industrial policy; there is still no modern national innovation system in the country. Accordingly, recommendations for improving the quality of state regulation in its specified components are justified. The recommended measures, according to the author, will help the economy to move to a trajectory of rapid, sustainable and high-quality growth.

Gender and Regional Differences in the Life Expectancy in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Rodionova ◽  
E. D. Kopnova
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Poor Nutrition

The relevance of the chosen topic is closely related to the development of a system for monitoring the implementation of the May Presidential Decree (2018) to increase life expectancy and improve the quality of life of the population. It has been stated that despite the positive dynamics of life expectancy over the past decade, Russia still has a huge regional differentiation (16,6 years for women, 18,2 years for men in 2016) and an average gender gap - 10,6 years. The choice of factors affecting the gender gap in life expectancy in Russian regions is supported by a conclusion most common in foreign studies that climatic conditions, living conditions, the quality of food and drinking water, alcohol consumption are essential components of public health and life expectancy.The article provides an overview of studies on assessment factors of life expectancy, presents the authors’ approach to identifying gender gaps in life expectancy, living conditions, and lifestyle affecting the indicator of life expectancy. The paper presents the results of a comparative analysis of gender gap in life expectancy in Russia and foreign countries. The paper studies the correlation between living conditions and lifestyle, and life expectancy.Classification of the regions by the life expectancy at birth for men and women is an important component of this study. The authors used Rosstat data for 2016 and the k-means method to select three clusters of Russian regions taking into account gender, living conditions and lifestyle. The paper identifies similar health problems of the regions that are associated with alcohol consumption, poor nutrition and poor quality of drinking water, poor housing and living conditions. The lowest life expectancy rates for men and women are recorded in regions of the 1st cluster (Jewish Autonomous Region, Republic of Tuva, Chukotka Autonomous Area). High mortality rates are a result of external causes. There is a poor quality of drinking water and poor nutrition, excessive alcohol consumption, and inadequate housing conditions.Based on the obtained results were determined possible reserves for reducing the gender and regional differentiation of life expectancy.

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