Evaluation of three automatic jetting races for control of the sheep body louse Bovicola ovis

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
PW Johnson ◽  
KL Dawson ◽  
R Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Arithmetic Mean ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Louse ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Right

Fine wool Merino sheep with short (4 mm) or long (30-80 mm) wool and moderate to heavy infestations of lice (Bovicola ovis) were treated with cyhalothrin at a concentration of 50 mg/L, applied using Alison, Aussie Dip and Boral Cyclone Superace automatic jetting races. Each machine was set up and operated by representatives of the manufacturer. With all 3 machines, arithmetic mean louse counts before and after treatment showed that in the sheep with short wool, lice numbers were reduced by > 98% at 8-12 weeks after treatment but were not eliminated. In the sheep with long wool, the maximum reductions in mean louse counts were 79, 68 and 98% for Alison, Aussie Dip and Boral Cyclone Superace machines at 7, 5 and 8 weeks after treatment, respectively. The Alison and Aussie Dip machines were each tested in alternative configurations which affected the disposition of the jetting fluid on the fleece. The distribution of live lice on the bodies of the shorn sheep after treatment using the Alison machine and 1 configuration of the Aussie Dip machine, indicated that more insecticide may have been delivered to the left side of the body than to the right. There were no significant differences between sides in sheep treated in the Boral Cyclone Superace machine. Our results suggest that the jetting races tested would control infestations of lice for at least 12 weeks in sheep treated within 2 weeks after shearing, but would be unlikely to eradicate lice from an infested flock. The machines differed markedly in their ability to control moderate to heavy infestations of lice in sheep with long (30-80 mm) wool, but in all cases there was evidence of a resurgence in lice numbers beyond 12 weeks after treatment.

scholarly journals PRE AND POSTPRANDIAL THERMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF GREEN IGUANAS (IGUANA IGUANA)

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 425
Author(s):  
Simona Rusu ◽  
Zdenek Knotek ◽  
Radu Lacatus ◽  
Ionel Papuc
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
The Body ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Significant Temperature ◽  
Green Iguanas ◽  
The Right ◽  
Head Temperature

Abstract The body temperature of 10 clinically healthy green iguanas (Iguana iguana) was measured using a thermographic camera (FLIR E6, Flir Systems Sweden) before and after the food was offered. For each animal there were performed a total of 6 measurements (3 before feeding and 3 after the food was offered). The purpose of this experiment was to observe the thermographic pattern of the body before and after the feeding, since herbivore reptiles tend to bask after the feeding to increase the body temperature that will help them afterwards digest the food. The animals were housed in individual vivariums with every animal having a basking spot available. The pictures were taken outside the vivarium in an adjacent room. The animals were handled with gloves and transported in a cardboard box in order to avoid heat transfer between the handler and the iguana that would have produced thermal artefacts. Each individual was placed on a table on a styrofoam slate, again, to avoid the heat transfer between the table and the animal`s body. For each animal a total of 4 pictures were taken (up, front, left and right). The pictures were analysed with the FLIR Tools program that is provided by the manufacturer and 3 temperatures were taken into consideration (the head temperature, body temperature on the right side and body temperature on the left side). The temperatures were compared between them and with the temperature of the vivariums that consisted of the average between the temperature in 3 different spots (basking spot, the feeding bowl site and the coldest spot) measured with an infrared thermometer GM300 (Benetech, China). The temperature of the body was dependent on the vivarium temperature and it was a significant temperature difference between the measurements before the feeding and after the feeding. Also we discovered a significant difference between the head temperature and the body temperature on the left side before the feeding that disappeared after the animals ate. There was also a significant difference between the temperature on right side and on left side of the animals both before and after the feeding. No significant temperature difference was observed between the head and the right side of the body neither before nor after the feeding.

scholarly journals Control over the Human Body Before and After Death: The Civil Law Aspect

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 104-135
Author(s):  
L. Novoselova
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Living Will ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Real Property ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

In this article, an attempt is made to determine the legal status of the human body (organs and tissue) both while a person is alive and after a person dies. The article discusses the points of view of various authors in relation to the possibility of considering the human body, its organs and tissue, after their separation from the body, as objects of a person’s property rights, and also as an object of a person’s non-property rights. The article argues the impossibility of qualifying the human body and the organs that were not separated from it during life as parts – and perhaps critical parts – of the existence of the total human being, as objects of real (property) rights including the rights of the persons themselves. The human body as a single object is a personal non-property benefit. The organs and tissue separated from the body may be considered objects of real rights, but on several conditions: if they were indeed separated from the body and if the person gave permission for this in a will. The specific characteristics of the legal status of the separated organs and tissue of a human being are analyzed as things (possessions) with limited turnover. The specific characteristics of the legal status of the organs and tissue separated from the body as possessions in limited turnover are reviewed as well as the impact of personal non-property rights on this status. The main focus of the article is on the legal status of the human body and the organs separated from it after death in view of the fact that transplantology and postmortem organ donation are becoming more and more widespread. This issue is analyzed in terms of the body as a whole and as it applies to the organs and tissue that are not used for transplantation. The proposal is to base our analysis on the status of the human body after death which as a rule cannot be the object of property rights. The human body is disposed of within the framework of the protection of the personal non-property rights of the deceased, including the right of physical inviolability that covers the organs and tissue separated from the body. The article characterizes the legal nature of living wills when people give instructions as to the procedure of their burial and other means of handling their body, including donation of their bodies to science. The article examines the possibility of the right of ownership to organs and tissue separated from the body after death. This right can exist if a complex legal construct is present, including a direct or assumed living will of the person. The specific characteristics of living acts concerning the possibility of after-death organ and tissue harvesting for further use, including for transplantation purposes, and the differences between such acts and last wills are determined.

Selected health issues related to high altitude trekking

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-65
Author(s):  
Hanna Prószyńska-Bordas ◽  
Katarzyna Baranowska
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Heavy Equipment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Unbalanced Diet ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the paper was to investigate health aspects of high altitude trekking such as preparation for the physical exertion during trekking at high altitude, the impact of mountaineering on the daily life before and after the expedition, the effect of high-mountain conditions on health and well-being. It was found that in the pre-departure period trekkers commonly train to ensure that they are physically fit for the expedition. They train alone or under the supervision of a trainer. Self-prepared workouts may turn out to be insufficient due to the lack of appropriate training plans. The most challenging aspects of high altitude trekking for the body include carrying too heavy equipment, dealing with illegibly marked routes, wearing inappropriate clothing, having an unbalanced diet, not having enough water, which can lead to dehydration and infections. Misconduct by other people poses a risk. The specific type of effort involved in mountaineering requires balanced nutrition in terms of both micro- and macro-elements. To find the right combination, one has to either experiment or seek advice from a dietitian. However, relatively few people consult a nutrition coach. Among sanitary problems, the most serious one is inappropriate human waste disposal, the resulting lack of drinkable water. Some of the observed problems result from insufficient regulations regarding the conduct in the mountains and from trekkers’ lack of awareness regarding good practices in such extreme conditions.

Respiratory Function of the Swim-Bladders of the Primitive Fish Polypterus Senegalus

1970 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
A. M. ABDEL MAGID ◽  
Z. VOKAC ◽  
NASR EL DIN AHMED
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Sharp Increase ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Tension ◽  
The Body ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Polypterus Senegalus ◽  
The Right

1. The respiratory function of the swim-bladders of Polypterus senegalus was investigated. Experiments were carried out in tap water with an oxygen tension of about 140 mm. Hg. 2. Both swim-bladders were cannulated through the body-walls of the unrestricted fish. Gas samples were analysed for their oxygen and carbon dioxide content before and after the fish visited the surface. 3. A sharp increase in oxygen and a decrease in carbon dioxide tension was always observed after inhalation. This proves that atmospheric air is actually inspired into the bladders. 4. After inspiration, the amount of oxygen in the bladders decreased rapidly. This shows that oxygen is taken up by the blood, even when the oxygen content of the water is normal. 5. Inspiration of air is preceded by expiration which, on the average, reduces the volume of the bladders to about 40%. 6. The uneven distribution of inhaled air in the right bladder is shown to be due to anatomical configuration.

La fraye d'une population d'éperlans géants, Osmerus eperlanus mordax, au lac Heney, Comté de Gatineau, Québec

1968 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1813-1830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roméo-O. Legault ◽  
Claude Delisle
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Testis Weight ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
Weight One ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Right ◽  
Two Populations

Two sympatric smelt populations inhabit Lake Heney, Gatineau County, Quebec. This study deals only with the population which we call "giant" but a brief discussion on "small smelt — large smelt" theory is included. The data were obtained from 1556 specimens collected with eight gillnets set up under the ice at one locality on Lake Heney, in February, March, and April 1967. The data permitted the determination of the time and site of spawning in the giant population. The time and site of spawning in the "dwarf" population was already known, and we found a marked difference in the spawning behavior and time of spawning of the two populations. The two populations are furthermore reproductively isolated. The sex ratio during the spawning period was closely followed and found to be similar to that of all other freshwater or marine smelts. A DeGiusti dredge, dragged along the bottom below the position of the gillnets immediately after the melting of the ice, permitted the collection of embryonic smelt eggs from a depth of 30–40 ft.The maturity index, relative fecundity, and intergonadal ratio were especially studied. Ovary weight at maturity represents in average one-quarter the total body weight, and testis weight one-fortieth the body weight. A 213-mm female lays an average of 42,460 eggs. The right ovary is 4.5 times smaller than the left one, and the right testis is on the average 3.8 times smaller than the left one.There is a direct relationship between total fecundity and length of mature females. This relation is expressed by the curve log E = 4.54 log L + k.

scholarly journals Cannabinoid Receptor Agonist Inhibits Atrial Electrical Remodeling in a Tachypaced Ex Vivo Rat Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle I. Lee ◽  
Michael Murninkas ◽  
Sigal Elyagon ◽  
Yoram Etzion ◽  
Hope D. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Cannabinoid Receptor ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Rate Dependent ◽  
Rat Hearts ◽  
Before And After ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Right ◽  
Peripheral Activation

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) leads to rate-dependent atrial changes collectively defined as atrial remodelling (AR). Shortening of the atrial effective refractory period (AERP) and decreased conduction velocity are among the hallmarks of AR. Pharmacological strategies to inhibit AR, thereby reducing the self-perpetual nature of AF, are of great clinical value. Cannabinoid receptor (CBR) ligands may exert cardioprotective effects; CB13, a dual CBR agonist with limited brain penetration, protects cardiomyocytes from mitochondrial dysfunction induced by endothelin-1. Here, we examined the effects of CB13 on normal physiology of the rat heart and development of tachypacing-induced AR.Methods: Rat hearts were perfused in a Langendorff set-up with CB13 (1 µM) or vehicle. Hemodynamic properties of non-paced hearts were examined conventionally. In a different set of hearts, programmed stimulation protocol was performed before and after atrial tachypacing for 90 min using a mini-hook platinum quadrupole electrode inserted on the right atrium. Atrial samples were further assessed by western blot analysis.Results: CB13 had no effects on basal hemodynamic properties. However, the compound inhibited tachypacing-induced shortening of the AERP. Protein expression of PGC1α was significantly increased by CB13 compared to vehicle in paced and non-paced hearts. Phosphorylation of AMPKα at residue threonine 172 was increased suggesting upregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. Connexin43 was downregulated by tachypacing. This effect was diminished in the presence of CB13.Conclusion: Our findings support the notion that peripheral activation of CBR may be a new treatment strategy to prevent AR in patients suffering from AF, and therefore warrants further study.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF EFFECTS OF CORRECTIVE EXERCISES ON PES PLANOVALGUS IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 110-115
Author(s):  
Miroslava Šutvajová ◽  
Kristína Buľáková ◽  
Peter Bartík ◽  
Anna Lesňáková ◽  
Zuzana Hudáková
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
The Body ◽  
Foot Deformities ◽  
Uneven Terrain ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Foot Arch ◽  
Natural Base ◽  
Preschool Boys ◽  
The Right ◽  
Positive Effect

Introduction: The foot forms the natural base of the human body bearing all its weight. Over the course of a person's life, the foot ensures the contact of the body with the terrain and creates the basic support during dynamic activities such as walking or running, especially on uneven terrain. (Véle, 2006) Objectives: The aim of the research was to verify the effects of targeted corrective exercises on healthy foot development in preschool children. Methods: The research was conducted from September 2018 to March 2019. The research sample consisted of 105 probands (59 preschool girls and 46 preschool boys), out of whom 7.62% had the physiological position of the arch on the right foot during baseline measurements. The average age of probands was 5 years. The measured parameters were the foot arch height without and with a load. Measurements were taken before and after rehabilitation intervention. Results: The statistical analysis of the results confirmed the positive effect of rehabilitation treatment in all monitored variables on statistically significant diference in terms of an elevation in the foot arch (p <0.005) and the influence of risk factors contributing to the development of researched foot deformities. The obtained data were processed into tables and graphs and subsequently evaluated. Conclusion: Our study has shown that the most effective is the active exercise strengthening.  The affected muscles maintain the foot arch as well as the whole posture.

Malignant Tumour and Insanity [Tumeur maligne et aliénation mentale]. (Rev. de Psychiat., No. 5, 1900.) Jacquin, G.

1901 ◽  
Vol 47 (196) ◽  
pp. 172-172
Author(s):  
H. J. Macevoy
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
General Condition ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
Malignant Tumour ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fistulous Opening ◽  
Difference Of Opinion ◽  
Tumeur Maligne ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Right

There exists still much difference of opinion as to the part played by cancer in the ætiology of insanity. In the case here related by Jacquin, he believes that the malignant tumour was a strong factor in the causation of the insane attack; but it is important to remember that injections into the body of the tumour were made, and that some septic mischief was set up thereby. A woman, æt. 31 years, was admitted into the Hospital de la Croix-Rousse (Lyon) on July 3rd, 1899, with a swelling on the right side of the neck of the size of a walnut, thought to be lymphadenoma. Three days later iodoform with ether was injected into the tumour after incision. After a few days' suppuration the wound healed. Three months later, the patient returned with the tumour a good deal larger—the size of a small fótal head. There was a good deal of pain, and signs of pressure on the right brachial plexus were present. Every third day arsenical injections were made into the tumour without any result. On November 29th, the patient was admitted into Bron Asylum suffering from delusions of persecution, with hallucinations of hearing and sight. From a fistulous opening in the tumour, very fótid blood-stained matter escaped. There was marked cachexia. The delusions and hallucinations persisted, fever set in, the general condition grew worse, and the patient died on February 12th. There was no autopsy.

New insertion support device assisted the accurate placement of tunneled cuffed catheter: First experience of 10 cases

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-505
Author(s):  
Toshiaki Ohara ◽  
Kazufumi Sakurama ◽  
Satoshi Hiramatsu ◽  
Toshimasa Karai ◽  
Toshiaki Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Arteriovenous Graft ◽  
Exit Site ◽  
New Device ◽  
Support Device ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Individual Body ◽  
Observation Period

Introduction: The tunneled cuffed catheter is used in hemodialysis patients for whom an arteriovenous fistula or arteriovenous graft is not suitable or for bridging usage of them. Accurate placement of a tunneled cuffed catheter is necessary for safe hemodialysis, but placement is sometimes difficult because of individual body differences. We developed a new device to support accurate placement of the tunneled cuffed catheter. In this study, we report our first clinical experience of the device. Methods: We made the device by expanded polytetrafluoroethylene with some special processes. The processes enable it to maintain plasticity and temporary shape in the autoclaved condition. The device is laid on the surface of the patient’s body to mark the root of the catheter with a felt-tipped marker before catheterization. That enables us to know the accurate catheter root and tunneled cuffed catheter exit site on the body surface. Ten patients underwent tunneled cuffed catheter insertion according to the marking. Case description: The mean age was 71.3 ± 12.8 years. The tunneled cuffed catheter was safely placed according to the marking in all patients, and all catheter tips were placed in the right atrium. The mean verification tip location difference before and after catheterization was 0.70 ± 0.48 cm. This result indicated that the device could assist in inserting a catheter accurately within an error of 1.18 cm. The tunneled cuffed catheters were patent in all the cases, without replacement and complications until the end of bridging use or during the observation period. Conclusion: Our newly developed insertion support device enhances safety and prevents catheter waste during replacement.

Investigation of the Electrical Impedance of Acupuncture Points and Non-Acupuncture Points before and after Acupuncture, using a Four-Electrode Device

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Khorsand ◽  
Jiang Zhu ◽  
Hamidreza Bahrami-Taghanaki ◽  
Sara Baghani ◽  
Liangxiao Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Acupuncture Point ◽  
The Body ◽  
Acupuncture Points ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Set Up

Aim To evaluate the effect of acupuncture on skin electrical impedance of selected points, before and after acupuncture on one acupuncture point (PC6), using a four-electrode device. Methods Six acupuncture and non-acupuncture points on both sides of the body were selected to evaluate the effects of acupuncture on electrical properties of these points. Results There were no results significant differences of electrical impedance before and after acupuncture in the selected points. Conclusions According to our experimental set-up, acupuncture at one point without stimulation does not alter skin electrical impedance in healthy volunteers and there is no difference between acupuncture points and non-acupuncture points.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document