Causes of mortality to the endangered Southern Cassowary Casuarius casuarius johnsonii in Queensland, Australia

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher P. Kofron ◽  
Angela Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
State Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
North East ◽  
Public Commitment ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Commonwealth Government ◽  
Casuarius Casuarius

The Southern Cassowary Casuarius casuarius johnsonii is endemic to north-east Queensland, Australia, where it inhabits tropical rainforest. Of the total former cassowary habitat, only 20-25% remains, with much of this under pressure for development. The species is listed as endangered by both the Australian Commonwealth Government and the Queensland State Government. The Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service (2002) estimated 1 500?2500 adult Southern Cassowaries remain. The primary cause of the species' decline is habitat loss and fragmentation, with motor vehicle strikes and dog attacks considered major threats for local populations. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to quantify the causes of mortality to Southern Cassowaries, including motor vehicle strikes and dog attacks, which have not previously been quantified. We obtained data for 140 cassowary deaths from the Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service, local government councils and persons having experiences with cassowaries. The leading cause of death for 110 cassowaries from 1986?2004 was motor vehicle strikes (55%), and the second leading cause of death was dog attacks (18%). Together, motor vehicles and dogs caused 74% of the cassowary mortalities for which the causes of death could be determined. Seventy-nine of the recorded cassowary deaths (63%) were in the Mission Beach area, suggesting this loca! population is under tremendous pressure. We expect cassowary numbers to continue to decline, especially in the Mission Beach area. We encourage the Commonwealth, State and relevant local governments to fully implement recovery actions. We believe the goal of conserving the Southern Cassowary and its habitat in perpetuity is attainable, but it will require public commitment and political will.

scholarly journals UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PENDAPATAN DAERAH MELALUI PAJAK KENDARAAN BERMOTOR PADA BADAN KEUANGAN DAERAH UPT KOTA SOLOK

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tika Defitri ◽  
Elva Dona
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Regional Finance ◽  
Local Revenue ◽  
Local Taxes

Local tax is a tax levied by local governments to finance local development. Among the types of local taxes are taxes on motor vehicles. Motor vehicle tax is a tax levied on the ownership and / or control of a motor vehicle. The formulation of the problem is taken is how the effort to increase local revenue through taxes on motor vehicles at the Regional Finance Agency UPT Solok. The purpose of this study to determine the efforts to increase local revenue through taxes on motor vehicles at the Regional Finance Agency UPT Solok. Methods of data collection using qualitative methods which are outlines the data and provide the facts the reality experienced by the existing theories regarding local revenue through taxes on motor vehicles at the Regional Finance Agency UPT Solok. To increase local revenue, Regional Finance Agency UPT Solok made some efforts such as Super PKB, Anywhere, and SAMSAT Keliling. The conclusions drawn from the study of Regional Finance Agency UPT Solok is able to generate income through tax revenues motor vehicle, as seen in the number of motor vehicle tax revenue value continues to increase every year.

Nomadic Migration and Rural Violence in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-95
Author(s):  
Nsemba Edward Lenshie ◽  
Patience Kondu Jacob
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Migration Pattern ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Security Governance ◽  
North East ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Depth Interviews

The relationship between Fulani herdsmen and farmers has in recent years become hot-tempered motivated by competitive control of land resources, particularly in central and north-east Nigeria. In Taraba State, the ongoing nomadic migration pattern from the Sahel in quest of pastures has led to violent confrontation between Fulani herdsmen and farming indigenous natives. Using a descriptive approach consisting of documented evidence, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions, the analysis revealed that conflicts between Fulani herdsmen and indigenous native farmers have culminated in population displacement and destruction of life and property in numerous rural enclaves in Taraba State. Despite the consequences of the conflicts, the Taraba State government was unable to act proactively because of the centralization of command over Nigerian security agencies. Accordingly, the study suggests decentralization of security agencies in Nigeria, especially the police, as the way forward for effective security governance in Nigeria.

Complex Solution of Ecological and Economic Problems of Traffic Jams

2019 ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
Oleksandr M. Matsenko ◽  
Yaroslav S. Kovalev ◽  
Olena M. Tkachenko ◽  
Yaroslava V. Chorna
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Traffic Jams ◽  
Economic Sphere ◽  
Flows Over Time

The article explores the congestion level in traffic of motor vehicles and its negative environmental and economic consequences in case of Kiev. The amount of pollution from traffic jams in Kiev and the number of vehicles which got into them in 2009-2018 is analyzed. The loss of earnings on the side of automobile owners from their standby are calculated with corresponding quantitative expressions found and described. For the course of the research, the methods of system-structural and comparative analysis were used for analyzing the environmental and economic problems of modern automobile systems; methods of formal logical analysis were used for substantiating the innovative infrastructure of transport routes. Separately economic and statistical methods were used in the study for trends development, structure analysis, and estimation of the influence of road congestion on the environmental and economic sphere. Pearson test has indicated a close relationship between the number of cars in Kiev and the number of values from traffic jams in environmental and economic sphere. Solutions to this problem are offered in forms of automated traffic control systems, improvisation of organizational and technical methods for the distribution of traffic flows over time, namely reverse traffic, road junctions, smart traffic lights, road extension, and the transition to alternative modes of transport. In all countries of the world there are new research methods that affect pollutants from motor vehicles. It is proved that they are forced by the recipients. In addition, landscaping can improve landscape design, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, surface water runoff and noise pollution. In this regard the policy implication of the research are aimed to eliminate the negative consequences from the use of vehicles during traffic jams, and the necessary number of trees for planting in Kiev is calculated. Key words: motor transport, congestion, traffic jam, motor vehicle, greening, compensation effect, lost profits, losses.

Auditory Icons as Impending Collision System Warning Signals in Commercial Motor Vehicles

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (15) ◽  
pp. 1127-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Belz ◽  
Gary S. Robinson ◽  
John G. Casali
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Visual Display ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Collision System ◽  
Collision Warning ◽  
Multiple Modalities ◽  
Driver Performance ◽  
Driving Task ◽  
Side Collision ◽  
Simulated Driving Task

This simulator-based study examined the use of conventional auditory warnings (tonal, non-verbal sounds) and auditory icons (representational, non-verbal sounds), alone and in combination with a dash-mounted visual display to warn commercial motor vehicle operators of impending front-to-rear and side collision situations. Driver performance was measured in the simulated driving task via brake response time in the front-to-rear collision scenarios and via a count of accident occurrence in the side collision scenarios. For both front-to-rear and side collision scenarios, auditory icons elicited significantly improved driver performance over conventional auditory warnings. Driver performance improved when collision warning information was presented through multiple modalities.

Institutional pressures influencing environmental management accounting adoption by Malaysian local governments

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Che Ku Hisam Che Ku Kassim ◽  
Noor Liza Adnan ◽  
Roziani Ali
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
State Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
The State ◽  
Institutional Pressures ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Reporting Practices ◽  
Environmental Management Accounting

Purpose Because of the heightened environmental awareness of the public, local governments (LGs) are being pressured to improve on the extent and quality of environmental disclosures (EDs) provided in an array of reporting media. The lack of an accounting tool to identify, measure and report EDs has propelled the infusion of environmental management accounting (EMA) to support the reporting practices. This paper aims to examine the institutional pressures influencing EMA adoption by Malaysian LGs. Design/methodology/approach Using the consensus approach, a self-administered questionnaire survey is conducted on accountants in LGs in Peninsular Malaysia. The items in the questionnaire are based on the findings of prior studies on EMA adoption. Findings The results suggest that coercive isomorphism from the state government is perceived to be the influential institutional factor placing intense pressures on LGs to adopt EMA. Research limitations/implications The results solidify the potential role of the state government in any public policy changes which could further stimulate and promote the adoption of EMA. Originality/value Insufficient empirical evidence on the adoption of EMA in LGs within a developing country’s perspective contributes to a limited understanding on the development of environmental-related practices in different economic stages and environment as well as within the public sector’s perspective.

On the spread of ultrafine particulate matter: A mathematical model for motor vehicle emissions and their effects as an asthma trigger

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle N. Rosado-Pérez ◽  
Karen Ríos-Soto
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Traveling Wave Solutions ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Diffusion Type

Asthma is a respiratory disease that affects the lungs, with a prevalence of 339.4 million people worldwide [G. Marks, N. Pearce, D. Strachan, I. Asher and P. Ellwood, The Global Asthma Report 2018, globalasthmareport.org (2018)]. Many factors contribute to the high prevalence of asthma, but with the rise of the industrial age, air pollutants have become one of the main Ultrafine particles (UFPs), which are a type of air pollutant that can affect asthmatics the most. These UFPs originate primarily from the combustion of motor vehicles [P. Solomon, Ultrafine particles in ambient air. EM: Air and Waste Management Association’s Magazine for Environmental Managers (2012)] and although in certain places some regulations to control their emission have been implemented they might not be enough. In this work, a mathematical model of reaction–diffusion type is constructed to study how UFPs grow and disperse in the environment and in turn how they affect an asthmatic population. Part of our focus is on the existence of traveling wave solutions and their minimum asymptotic speed of pollutant propagation [Formula: see text]. Through the analysis of the model it was possible to identify the necessary threshold conditions to control the pollutant emissions and consequently reduce the asthma episodes in the population. Analytical and numerical results from this work prove how harmful the UFEs are for the asthmatic population and how they can exacerbate their asthma episodes.

scholarly journals Causes of Mortality in Older People With Intellectual Disability: Results From the HA-ID Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyt Oppewal ◽  
Josje D. Schoufour ◽  
Hanne J.K. van der Maarl ◽  
Heleen M. Evenhuis ◽  
Thessa I.M. Hilgenkamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract We aim to provide insight into the cause-specific mortality of older adults with intellectual disability (ID), with and without Down syndrome (DS), and compare this to the general population. Immediate and primary cause of death were collected through medical files of 1,050 older adults with ID, 5 years after the start of the Healthy Ageing and Intellectual Disabilities (HA-ID) study. During the follow-up period, 207 (19.7%) participants died, of whom 54 (26.1%) had DS. Respiratory failure was the most common immediate cause of death (43.4%), followed by dehydration/malnutrition (20.8%), and cardiovascular diseases (9.4%). In adults with DS, the most common cause was respiratory disease (73.3%), infectious and bacterial diseases (4.4%), and diseases of the digestive system (4.4%). Diseases of the respiratory system also formed the largest group of primary causes of death (32.1%; 80.4% was due to pneumonia), followed by neoplasms (17.6%), and diseases of the circulatory system (8.2%). In adults with DS, the main primary cause was also respiratory diseases (51.1%), followed by dementia (22.2%).

The Performance Comparison and Benefit Analysis of Speed Control System of Mine Motor Vehicle

2012 ◽  
Vol 562-564 ◽  
pp. 1058-1062
Author(s):  
Xi Zhang ◽  
Wen Chao Chen ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
Liu Hu
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
Dc Motor ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Speed Control System ◽  
Dc Motor Drives

The DC motor has good characteristics of large starting torque and good traction and strong overload capacity, traditional battery motor vehicle often adopts DC motor drives as driving system and uses the series resistance to adjust speed. However, in actual coal production, since motor vehicles are often placed in wet, explosive and dusty environment, the speed control system of motor vehicle has strict proof and moisture requirements, however, the inherent characteristics of the DC motor make it a serious shortcoming in the coal mine production, there is an urgent need to improve the structure to meet today's actual demand for coal mine automated production. This article is in this context, to compare the DC motor speed control system with AC speed control system of the mine car, discussing today's mainstream technical programs of AC speed control system, focus on the analysis of the great differences over performance and economic efficiency of the speed control system of mine motor vehicle after adopting AC speed control system.

An Analysis of Pro-Environmental Attributes towards Adolescents in Penang Using Extended Theory of Planned Behaviour

2015 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
pp. 419-424
Author(s):  
Nur Khairiyah Basri ◽  
Nur Sabahiah Abdul Sukor ◽  
Sitti Asmah binti Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Moral Obligation ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behaviour ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
High Dependency ◽  
Environmental Attributes ◽  
Transportation Sector ◽  
The Individual

The energy consumption in transportation sector was mostly created by the individual likeness to use private motor vehicle. High dependency on private motor vehicles has contributed not only to the traffic problem but also accounted to carbon emission. This study aims to investigate the psychological factors that influencing the adolescents’ intention to be more pro-environmental. This study found that the behavioural intention was significantly influenced by the adolescents’ awareness towards consequences, attitude towards environment and public transport, the sentiment of moral obligation to change, and the perceived possibilities or difficulty to practice environmental friendly travel behaviour.

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