scholarly journals Assessment of sugarcane varieties for their stability and yield potential in Fiji

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
P. N. Naidu ◽  
M. G. M. Khan ◽  
A. D. Jokhan

The Sugar Research Institute of Fiji breeds and produces new varieties of sugarcane for the Fiji sugar industry for commercial production. The development of sugar cane varieties that show superior performance in different environments is a major challenge for breeders due to the response of genotypes across environments. This study was to evaluate the relative performance the genotypes during breeding program and identify promising ones that could be released for cultivation. Thus, an investigation was carried out to determine the magnitude of Genotype Environment interactions and the stability analysis of the genotypes cultivated in Fiji. Seventeen genotypes including three commercial varieties were evaluated in five locations using a randomized block design with three replications. The pooled analysis of variance carried out for the effect of environments, genotypes, and their interactions. The stability analysis was also performed using the Eberhart & Russell’s (1966) model. Further, a cluster analysis was proposed for identifying the similar and stable genotypes. The results showed that there were highly significant (p

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinicius S. G. da Silva ◽  
Mauro W. de Oliveira ◽  
Vilma M. Ferreira ◽  
Terezinha B. A. Oliveira ◽  
Elaine R. Galvão ◽  
...  

Sugarcane produces a large amount of biomass, extracts and accumulates high amounts of nutrients. In the literature the nutritional requirements for most cultivated varieties in the past are found, however there is little information on the new varieties currently planted. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional requirement of four sugarcane varieties, currently very planted, in the cycles of plant-cane, first and second ratoon. The study was installed in a Yellow Oxisol. The experimental design was a randomized block design, with five replications, and four treatments: RB867515, RB92579, SP813250 and VAT90212. During maturation of the cane, in the three evaluation cycles, the productivity of natural biomass and the nutritional requirement of macronutrients of the varieties were determined. It was evidenced that the cultivars of sugarcane are of high productive potential and resemble the accumulation of biomass, observing a yield of 158, 128 and 107 t ha-1 in the cycles of plant-cane, first and second ratoon. Regarding the nutritional requirement, the varieties did not differ among them and expressed the following order of need in the plant-cane K > N > Ca > Mg > S > P, in the first and second ratoon, the sequence observed was K > N > Ca > S > Mg > P.


2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Sartono Putrasamedja ◽  
Wiwin Setiawati ◽  
L Lukman ◽  
Ahsol Hasyim

<p>Perkembangan varietas-varietas bawang merah di suatu daerah ditentukan oleh keserasian dengan lingkungan, potensi hasil, toleransi terhadap serangan organisme pengganggu tumbuhan (OPT), serta umur dan mutu hasil. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menguji penampilan beberapa klon bawang merah dan hubungannya dengan intensitas serangan OPT penting. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Brebes dan Tegal (Jawa Tengah) dari Bulan Juni sampai dengan September 2011. Perlakuan yang diuji ialah 10 klon bawang merah hasil silangan tahun 2004 dan 2005, serta dua varietas bawang merah sebagai pembanding (Bauji dan Bima Brebes). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan ialah acak kelompok dan diulang tiga kali. Parameter yang diamati ialah pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan jumlah anakan), hasil panen, dan serangan OPT penting. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa klon no. 2005/1 dapat beradaptasi dengan baik di Brebes dan Tegal, mampu menghasilkan produksi tertinggi masing-masing sebesar 9,95 dan 17,50 t/ha, mempunyai diameter umbi terbesar (1,87 dan 2,41 cm), bentuk umbi bulat, dan berwarna merah tua, sedangkan klon no. 2004/11 mempunyai pertumbuhan dan  produktivitas yang tinggi, relatif toleran terhadap serangan Spodoptera exigua, Alternaria porri, dan Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, diameter umbi (1,67 dan 1,96 cm), bentuk umbi bulat,  dan berwarna merah tua, sedangkan klon no. 2004/10 dan no. 2005/19 sangat rentan terhadap serangan hama S. exigua, penyakit A. porri, dan C. gloeosporioides. Klon-klon yang mempunyai tingkat serangan rendah/toleran terhadap OPT merupakan klon harapan bawang merah toleran/tahan OPT. Namun demikian, penggunaan pestisida sesuai dengan konsep pengendalian hama terpadu (PHT) masih tetap diperlukan terutama apabila serangan OPT tersebut mencapai ambang pengendalian yang ditetapkan.</p><p> </p><p>The development of shallots varieties in one location depends on the genetic adaptability, yield potential,  tolerance to pest and diseases, harvest date, yield and quality. The aim of study was to evaluate 10 clones and two local clones as check, Bima Brebes and Bauji were conducted in Brebes and Tegal (Central Java) from June to September 2011. The trial were laid out in a completely randomized block design and each treatment was replicated three times. The parameters used for evaluating these clones were plant height, no. of sprout,  no. of leaves, yield and pests and diseases incidence. The results showed that considering overall performance, clone no. 2005/1 gave the highest yield (9.95 and 17.50 t/ha), and diameter of bulb (1.87 and 2.41 cm) in Brebes and Tegal respectively, clone no. 2004/11 produced growth and good yield  and showed tolerance to Spodoptera exigua, Alternaria porri, and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, bulb diameter (1.67 and 1.96 cm) with dark red color,  while clone no. 2004/10 and no. 2005/19 were identified as the most susceptible clones to S. exigua, A. porri, and C. gloeosporioides. This suggests that some of shallots clones could be good candidates for the new varieties of shallots. However, the use of pesticides in IPM concept were still needed especially if the incidence of pests and diseases reach the action threshold.</p>


Kultivasi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darmawan Saptadi ◽  
Noer Rahmi Ardiarini ◽  
Budi Waluyo

AbstrakKacang Bogor (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt) potensial dikembangkan sebagai komoditi pangan rendah lemak. Pengembangan dan peningkatan hasil komoditas ini dapat dilakukan melalui penyediaan varietas unggul. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui stabilitas dan adaptabilitas hasil enam galur harapan kacang Bogor, yaitu GSG 2.1.1, GSG 2.5, GSG 1.5, CCC 1.4.1, PWBG 5.3.1, dan BBL 6.1.1.  Penelitian dilakukan di tiga lokasi yang memiliki karakteristik ketinggian tempat, kondisi lahan, dan musim tanam berbeda. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan yang dilanjutkan dengan analisis varians gabungan. Analisis regresi digunakan untuk menentukan stabilitas dan adaptabilitas hasil berdasarkan Eberhart-Russell dan Finlay-Wilkinson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat interaksi genotipe x lingkungan pada bobot hasil panen polong segar dan bobot hasil biji kering. Galur GSG 2.5 dan CCC 1.4.1 mempunyai hasil polong segar dengan  rata-rata 15,50 t ha-1 dan 15,71 t ha-1 dan hasil biji kering dengan rata-rata 4,58 t ha-1 dan 4,57 t.ha-1 yang stabil dan beradaptasi luas. Galur GSG 1.5 dan BBL 6.1.1 merupakan galur yang mempunyai potensi hasil tinggi untuk polong segar dengan rata-rata 17,16 t ha-1 dan 18,90 t.ha-1 pada lingkungan yang produktif.Kata Kunci: interaksi G x E, kacang Bogor, pemuliaan tanaman, stabilitas hasil, uji adaptasi Abstract The bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt) has the potential to become a low-fat food commodity. The development and improvement of this commodity yield can be accomplished through the introduction of superior varieties. The purpose of this study were to investigate the yield stability and adaptation of six potential Bambara groundnut lines, namely GSG 2.1.1, GSG 2.5, GSG 1.5, CCC 1.4.1, PWBG 5.3.1, and BBL 6.1.1. The study was carried out in three different locations with varying altitude, land type, and growing season. A randomized block design with three replications was implemented in the experiment, which was then followed by a combined analysis of variance. Regression analysis was used to determine the stability and adaptation of yield based on Eberhart-Russell and Finlay-Wilkinson. The results revealed that there was an interaction between genotypes and environments on yield of fresh pods weight and yield of dried seeds weight. Lines of GSG 2.5 and CCC 1.4.1 had fresh pod yields with an average of 15.50 t ha-1 and 15.71 t ha-1 and dry seed yields an average of 4.58 t ha-1 and 4.57 t  ha-1 which is stable and wide adaptations. In an ideal environment, the GSG 1.5 and BBL 6.1.1 lines had high yield potential for fresh pods, with an average of 17.16 t ha-1 and 18.90 t ha-1.Keywords:  adaptation test, Bambara groundnut, G x E interaction, plant breeding, yield stability 


2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
NFN Kusmana ◽  
Rinda Kirana ◽  
Astiti Rahayu

<p>Uji adaptasi dilakukan untuk mengestimasi interaksi antara Genotipe dengan Lingkungan, sehingga dapat ditentukan apakah genotipe yang diuji adaptif pada lingkungan yang spesifik atau stabil pada lingkungan yang luas. Tujuan pengujian ialah mendapatkan informasi tentang stabilitas hasil cabai hibrida yang ditanam pada tiga lokasi di Jawa Barat. Pengujian ditata dengan menggunakan Rancangan Kelompok Lengkap Teracak pada tiga lokasi pengujian yaitu di Kab. Bandung, Kab. Bandung Barat dan Kab. Garut. Populasi tanaman untuk tiap-tiap plot penelitian ialah 30 tanaman  dengan empat ulangan. Hasil analisis ragam gabungan terlihat bahwa nilai kuadrat tengah genotipe lebih tinggi dari nilai kwadrat tengah interaksi genotipe x lingkungan hal ini memberikan indikasi bahwa pengaruh genetik lebih dominan dibandingkan faktor lingkungan. Varietas (genotipe) yang diuji berbeda sangat nyata sehingga menunjukkan adanya perbedaan potensi hasil diantara varietas dan terjadi interaksi antara genotipe dengan lingkungan. Genotipe stabil berdasarkan perhitungan MSTATC ialah H-1 dan  Cosmos. Genotipe Batalion dan Merona tidak stabil karena nilai T hitung lebih besar dari T tabel sementara Genotipe H 2 dan Hot Beauty tidak stabil karena hasil dibawah rerata. Implikasi dari penelitian ialah didapatkan informasi genotipe cabai yang stabil pada agroekosistem dataran tinggi Jawa Barat.  </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Genotipe cabai hibrida (<em>Capsicum annuum</em>); Adaptasi; Stabilitas; Jawa Barat</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>An adaptation test was carried out to estimate the interaction between genotypes and the environment, to be able to determine whether the genotypes tested were adaptable in a specific or stable in a wide range of environments. The objective of this study were to obtain the stability level of the hybrid chili tested at three highland West Java locations. The study was arranged using a randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatment consisted of six hybrid chili genotypes tested at three test locations, i.e. West Bandung District, Bandung District, and Garut District. The experimental unit was a plot containing 30 plants. Results showed that the combined analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the mean square of the genotype was higher than that of genotype x environment interaction, indicating that the genetic effect was more dominant than that of environmental factors. Genotypes tested were highly significant (p &lt; 0.01) indicating difference yield potential among the genotypes tested. There was a significant interaction between the genotype with that of the environment. The stable genotypes determined based on MSTATC analysis obtained two stable genotypes, i.e. H-1 and Cosmos. Genotypes Batalion and Merona, on the other hand were not stable because the T value counted was greater than that of T table. The genotypes H-2 and Hot Beauty were also found not stable because of low yield performances. The implication of this research was that the stable hybrid chili genotypes obtained from this study can be recommended to be registered as candidates as chili paper new varieties.</p>


Author(s):  
S L Sawargaonkar, A K Singh, S Sahu

Study was carried to evaluate phenotypic stability of 13 genotypes of fennel for seed yield and yield attributing traits. Out of 13 genotypes, three were checks (RF 205, RF 201 and local fennel) grown in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications in each year. The significant genotypic differences were observed for all the characters suggesting differential responses of genotypes to the environmental changes. The results showed that among 13 genotypes RF 205 and Local fennel were found stable for seed yield/ plant, FNL 69 for days to flower, FNL 70 and RF 101 for primary branches/ plant, FNL 74 for umbels/ umbellet and FNL 71 for umbels/ plant. The results revealed that some reliable predictions about G x E interaction as well as its unpredictable components contributed significantly in determining the stability of genotypes. The wider stability recorded by RF 205, RF 201 and local fennel during all the three years which will be useful for development of high yielding varieties of fennel.


Author(s):  
Mahaveer Prasad Ola ◽  
Mohan Lal Jakhar ◽  
D. K. Gothwal ◽  
Sarfraz Ahmadmad ◽  
Manohar Ram

Aims: To identify the stable genotypes across the different environments for yield and its           attributing traits. Study Design: Field experimental design was applied. Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was conducted at Research Farm, SKN College of Agriculture, S.K.N. Agriculture University, Jobner (Rajasthan), India in different environments during rabi 2018-19. Methodology: An experiment was conducted on thirty genotypes of taramira (Eruca Sativa Mill.) in three environments created by three dates of sowing during rabi 2018-2019 in randomized block design with three replications to estimate genotypic × environment interaction and stability parameters for various yield and yield attributing traits. The stability analysis was carried out according to Eberhart and Russell model. Results: The highest yielding genotypes were RTM-1351, RTM-1810, RTM-1315 and RTM-314. Genotypes RTM-314, RTM-1800, RTM-1810 and RTM-1815 were found relatively stable for seed yield per plant. Genotypes RTM-1795, RTM-1798 and RTM-1799 had below average stability for seed yield per plant and suitable for better environmental conditions. Genotypes RTM-1791, RTM-1815 and RTM-1351 were showed above average stability for seed yield per plant and suitable for poor environmental condition. Further, these genotypes can be utilized in the development of stable cultivar taramira. Conclusion: Pooled analysis of variance indicated significant differences among environments and genotypes. Genotypes RTM-314, RTM-1800, RTM-1805 and RTM-1810 were found most stable for most of the characters, which can be grown in wide range of environments (all three dates of sowing).


CERNE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Brito da Silva ◽  
Rogerio Figueiredo Daher ◽  
Bruna Rafaela da Silva Menezes ◽  
Maria Lorraine Fonseca Oliveira ◽  
Maria do Socorro Bezerra Araújo ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT The elephant-grass undergoes successive cutting and periodical evaluations that it possible to identify clones with high stability for dry matter production, which can be used for energy production. The present study was carried out to evaluate stability dry matter yield for different parametric and non-parametric methods in elephant grass genotypes for biomass production undergoes successive cutting in the agroclimatic conditions of the Norte Fluminense (RJ, Brazil). The variable measured in the 40 genotypes was dry matter yield (DMY) at 2009, 2010 and 2011 in a field study designed as randomized block design with two replicates. Each sample was grown in different environment condition. The stability methods tested were the Yates and Cochran’s, Plaisted and Peterson’s, Wricke’s ecovalence, Annicchiarico’s, Lin and Binns’ and Kang and Phan’s. Results indicated that cutting (E) and genotypes (G) influenced significantly on the performance of dry matter yield. The non-parametric stability methods were effective for the evaluation of stability in dry matter yield. Genotypes Mercker, Pinda-México, Mercker 86-México, Guaçu/IZ, Mercker Pinda, P-241-Piracicaba and Cubano Pinda were stable stability dry matter yield. Hence, there are genotypes may be exploited in future breeding programmes in order to improve productivity of upland elephant grass over environment.


2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supriyadi , ◽  
Ahmad Dhiaul Khuluq ◽  
Dan Djumali

ABSTRACT<br />    <br />Sugar cane is a strategic commodity for the Indonesian government as raw material for the national sugar industry. Cultivation of sugar cane has been shifted to dry areas dominated by Inceptisol, Vertisol, and Ultisol soil. These conditions require certain clones to obtain high sugar yield. New improved varieties have been developed and 8 early-mid maturiting clones have been obtained. The study was aimed to evaluate and obtain earty-mid maturing clones with higher sugar yield than the existing varieties in dry land of Inceptisol soil. The study was conducted at the Karangploso Experimental Station, Malang from July 2015 to September 2016. The study was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The treatment consistsed of eight clones of early to mid maturing sugarcane clones and one control variety (Kenthung). The eight clones were (1) PS 04 117, (2) PS 04 259, (3) PS 04 129, (4) PS 05 258, (5) PS 06 391, (6) PS 06 370, (7) PS 06 188, and (8) JR 01. The results showed that three clones (PS 06 188, PS 05 258 and JR 01) produced higher sugar yield (10.45-11.88 ton ha-1), and the other clones showewd lower sugar yield (6.55-9.37 ton ha-1) than that of Kenthung variety (9.16 ton ha-1).PS 06 188 and PS 05 258 clones obtained the highest sugar yield of 11.88 and 11.49 ton ha-1, respectively.<br /><br />Keywords: dry land, performance, Saccharum officinarum,  sugar content, variety<br /><br />


Author(s):  
Lia Amalia ◽  
Ai Komariah ◽  
Ilma Hilmayanti

Experiments to study the stability and adaptability genotype of hybrid rice were conducted in two locations in West Java: 1. the Jelekong Village Baleendah Bandung region, 2. the Arjasari Village Leuwisari Tasikmalaya region. The altitude of the Baleendah Bandung region is 650 and that of the Leuwisari Tasikmalaya region is 450 meters above sea level. The experiments were arranged in a randomized block design and used with 9 genotypes and 3 replications. The 9 genotypes of hybrid rice are SW-907, SW-804, SW-902, US-915, SW-82, SW-923, Intani-2, SL 8 SHS, and SHS 04 WM. The result of the experiment showed that the whole genotypes A = SW-907, B = SW-804, C = SW-902, D = US-915, E = SW-82, F = SW- 923, G = WM 4 SHS, H = SL 8 SHS, and I = Intani 2 measured the height of the plants, the number of productive tillers, the length of the panicles, the number of grains per panicle, the number of filled grains per panicle, the weight of 1000 grains, and the grain yield per plot, and were unstable and unadaptive in Bandung and Tasikmalaya.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Dentin Queentiara Moelyaandani ◽  
S Setiyono

Sugarcane (Sacharum officinarum L.) is a sugar-producing plant and is a food commodity that is needed by the people of Indonesia. National sugar demands are increasing every year. The low productivity of sugarcane is due to the competition of weeds which can reduce sugarcane production. To achieve high productivity, it is necessary to pay attention to the varieties used because they require certain conditions in their management. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of varieties and types of weeds on the initial growth of sugarcane. The study was conducted from September 2018 to December 2018. The study used factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors and four replications. The first factor consists of 4 sugarcane varieties, namely: Bululawang (V1), Red HW (V2), VMC (V3) and PS 862 (V4). The second factor type of weed consists of 2 types, namely Cyperus rotundus (N1) and Amaranthus spinosus L. (N2). The results showed that (1) There was interaction between the varieties (V) and the weed types (N) in stem diameter parameters and number of tillers, the treatment V4N1 gives the best response to stem diameter 1,31 cm and 4,25 number of tillers; (2) The treatment of varieties (V) gives affects to stem diameter and number of leaves, the treatment V4 gives the best response 5,38 to number of leaves; (3) Types of thorn spinach weeds can reduce the initial growth of sugarcane. Keywords: Varieties; weed; sugarcane


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