Psychological Morbidity in Australian Doctors who have and have not Experienced a Medico-Legal Matter: Cross-Sectional Survey

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 917-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Nash ◽  
Michele Daly ◽  
Maree Johnson ◽  
Garry Walter ◽  
Merrilyn Walton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Psychological Morbidity ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Current

Objective: To describe the differences in psychological morbidity between Australian general practitioners (GPs) who have experienced a medico-legal matter and those who have not. Methods: A total of 1499 GPs were initially invited to participate in the study. Two hundred and sixty requested not to participate, with 1239 subsequently being sent a survey. There were 566 respondents (45.7% response rate to survey). There were two sources of data. First, a cross-sectional survey sought demographic information, personality traits via the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), history of a medico-legal matter with any medical defence organization, and measures of psychological morbidity, including the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Second, information was extracted from the United Medical Protection database on medico-legal matters. Results: Fifty-nine per cent of respondents to the survey reported ever having a medico-legal matter, with 13% having a current medico-legal matter. Those with a current matter reported increased levels of disability (in work, social or family life) and higher prevalence of psychiatric morbidity (45% vs 27% GHQ ‘case identification’ rates), compared to those with no current matter. Those respondents with a history of past medico-legal matters reported increased levels of disability (SDS) and depression subscores (GHQ). Male respondents drank significantly more alcohol than female respondents, and male respondents with current or past medico-legal matters had significantly higher levels of alcohol use than male respondents with no experience of medico-legal matters. Conclusions: Doctors who have current and past medico-legal matters have a higher level of psychological morbidity. The study design was unable to distinguish cause or effect. A longitudinal study is planned to investigate this. The findings have significant implications for medical training, doctor support systems and medical insurance groups.

Psychiatric Morbidity and Adherence to Antiretroviral Medication in Patients With HIV/AIDS

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 528-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter S Sternhell ◽  
Melissa J Corr
Keyword(s):  
Medication Adherence ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Psychological Disorder ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Poor Adherence ◽  
Psychological Morbidity ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antiretroviral Medication

Objective: To determine whether psychological morbidity is associated with poor compliance with antiretroviral medication in HIV-positive subjects. Method: This is a cross-sectional survey of patients attending a public HIV clinic in Sydney. Volunteers completed a survey which gathered data on substance use, psychological distress, attitudes to illness and medication, and self-reported medication adherence. Psychological morbidity was assessed using the 28 question General Health Questionnaire, GHQ-28, and adherence was assessed using a combination of direct self-report and indirect questions. Results: Forty-four per cent of subjects were identified as suffering psychological disorder on the GHQ. They reported significantly poorer adherence to antiretroviral medication than subjects not identified as ‘cases’ (odds ratio 4.5). Expressed scepticism about medication and previous use of psychotropics was also associated with poor adherence. Conclusions: Psychological morbidity is associated with poor adherence to antiretroviral medication. It is not known whether treatment of identified psychological morbidity leads to improved antiretroviral medication adherence and better medical outcome. A longitudinal study could help answer this question.

Characteristics and Behaviors of Older Male Anabolic Steroid Users

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 450-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J. Ip ◽  
Karen Trinh ◽  
Michael J. Tenerowicz ◽  
Jai Pal ◽  
Tristan A. Lindfelt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Weight Lifting ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Use

Objective: To compare and contrast the characteristics of 2 groups of men ≥40 years old: reported anabolic–androgenic steroid (AAS) users and nonusers. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting: Thirty-eight online fitness, weight lifting, bodybuilding, and steroid Web sites. Participants: A total of 67 male AAS users and 76 male nonusers ≥40 years old. Main Outcomes Measured: Demographics, utilization of AAS and other performance-enhancing agents (PEAs), exercise patterns, history of illicit drugs and alcohol use, and psychiatric traits/diagnoses. Results: The majority of AAS users ≥40 years old were caucasian (92.5%), heterosexual (97.0%), and classified themselves as recreational exercisers (79.1%). AAS users took more PEAs (11.5 ± 5.6 vs 4.6 ± 2.7; P < .001), were more likely to binge drink (47.8% vs 29.0%; P = .025), report heavy alcohol use (21.0% vs 7.9%; P = .031), meet criteria for substance dependence disorder (27.4% vs 4.0%; P < .001), and report an anxiety disorder diagnosis (12.0% vs 2.6%; P = .046) than nonusers. Conclusions: AAS misuse is prevalent among older men and is associated with polypharmacy, more aggressive alcohol use, and a higher incidence of substance dependence and anxiety disorders compared to nonusers. This information may help clinicians and researchers identify and develop appropriate intervention strategies for AAS abuse among older men.

scholarly journals O5C.6 The health and wellbeing of new zealand veterans

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A47.1-A47
Author(s):  
David McBride ◽  
Dianne Gardner ◽  
Amy Richardson ◽  
Emma Wyeth ◽  
Ari Samaranayaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Musculoskeletal Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Wellbeing

The psychological and physical health and wellbeing of New Zealand contemporary veteransBackgroundFor New Zealand veterans, operational service and transition to civilian life are critical life events. Most veterans do well, but a significant minority fare poorly. Adverse outcomes are associated with post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD, and also the development of minor but multiple health complaints, ‘multiple symptom illness’ (MSI).AimThis project investigates factors associated with both wellbeing and ill health in NZ veterans, with the aim of developing a parsimonious instrument to detect ‘at risk’ veterans prior to, or at, transition.MethodsAn on-line cross-sectional survey.Wellbeing is measured by the EQ-5D, a health-related quality of life instrument assessing mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. The adverse outcome is PTSD, identified using the PCL-M, an instrument reflecting DSM-IV PTSD symptoms.Risk factors include MSI conforming to the Centers for Disease Control definition as ‘the presence, for at least six months, of one or more chronic symptoms from at least two of three categories, namely fatigue, mood-cognition and musculoskeletal symptoms’. The General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) screens for emotional distress and possible psychiatric morbidity. The Brief Trauma Questionnaire (BTQ), a 10-item self-report questionnaire derived from the Brief Trauma Interview, assesses the role of stressors contributing to PTSD.Protective factors include the 24-item Social Provisions Scale (SPS) assessing social relationships and various dimensions of social support.AnalysisLogistic regression will identify the model of best fit for PTSD (PCL-M) and wellbeing (EQ-5D) respectively.For MSI, a factor analysis will describe the pattern of symptom reporting. If this matches international experience, 3 factors will explain the majority of the variance in the data.ResultsAs at the 14th Nov 2018 we have 1592 completed questionnaires. Analysis will commence in mid-November 2018.

Suicidal Ideation Among Medical Students in Dammam, Saudi Arabia

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mohammed Madadin ◽  
Ritesh G. Menezes ◽  
Maha A. Alassaf ◽  
Abdulaziz M. Almulhim ◽  
Mahdi S. Abumadini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eastern Province ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Depression Subscale ◽  
History Of

Abstract. Background: Medical students are at high risk of suicidal ideation. Aim: We aimed to obtain information on suicidal ideation among medical students in Dammam located in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the College of Medicine affiliated with Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Suicidal ideation in the past 12 months was assessed based on responses to four questions in the depression subscale of the General Health Questionnaire 28 (GHQ-28). In addition, data were collected to examine the association of suicidal ideation with various factors. Results: We found that 1 in 3 medical students in the study had suicidal ideation in the past 12 months, while around 40% had lifetime suicidal ideation. Suicidal ideation was associated with feelings of parental neglect, history of physical abuse, and dissatisfaction with academic performance. Limitations: The cross-sectional nature of this study limits its ability to determine causality regarding suicidal ideation. Conclusion: These rates are considerably high when compared with rates from studies in other countries around the world. This study provides a reference in the field of suicidology for this region of Saudi Arabia.

Uncertainty about cellulitis and unmet patient information needs: a mixed methods study

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. bjgp18X697349
Author(s):  
Anna Lalonde ◽  
Emma Teasdale ◽  
Ingrid Muller ◽  
Joanne Chalmers ◽  
Peter Smart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Information Provision ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Patient Information Needs ◽  
History Of

BackgroundCellulitis is a common painful infection of the skin and underlying tissues that recurs in approximately a third of cases. Patients’ ability to recover from cellulitis or prevent recurrence is likely to be influenced by their understanding of the condition.AimTo explore patients’ perceptions of cellulitis and their information needs.MethodMixed methods study comprising semi-structured, face-to-face interviews and cross-sectional survey, recruiting through primary care, secondary care and advertising. Adults aged 18 or over with a history of cellulitis (first or recurrent) were invited to complete a survey, take part in an interview or both. Qualitative data was analysed thematically.ResultsThirty interviews were conducted between August 2016 and July 2017. Qualitative data revealed low prior awareness of cellulitis, uncertainty around diagnosis, concern/surprise at the severity of cellulitis, and perceived insufficient information provision. People were surprised they had never heard of the condition and that they had not received advice or leaflets giving self-care information. Some sought information from the internet and found this bewildering. Two hundred and forty surveys were completed (response rate 17%). These showed that, while most people received information on the treatment of cellulitis (60.0%, n = 144), they reported receiving no information about causes (60.8%, n = 146) or prevention of recurrence (73.3%, n = 176).ConclusionThere is a need for provision of basic information for people with cellulitis, particularly being informed of the name of their condition, how to manage acute episodes, and how to reduce risk of recurrence.

Evaluating the readiness of mobile technology in Saudi Arabia: An Integrative Perspective with respect to e-health (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Alanezi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Health System ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Apps ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vision 2030 ◽  
Awareness Programs

UNSTRUCTURED E-health system is emerging and providing health services and solutions through different electronic gadgets. Saudi Arabia has launched a program called Saudi Arabia vision 2030, in which providing state-of-the-art health facilities to their citizen is of topmost priority. After all the efforts, the residents of Saudi Arabia are still reluctant for the adaptation of e-health system. The current study was conducted to evaluate the obstacle in adoption of the e-health system through the mobile phones. The current study was cross-sectional survey and was conducted by developing a self-administered structured questionnaire asking the utilization of mobile phone in state of health emergency prior to ask any medical history. Majority of the participants was married and doing jobs in different firms and have their personal mobile phones (p = 0.100, > 0.05) which indicates easily access to the e-health apps. The majority of the participants suffers from either obesity or high blood pressure (p = 0.018, < 0.05) regardless of either history of mental disorder or other family history of mental diseases. The pattern of diseases with mental disorders correlate well with adoption of e-health in government policies. The obstacles in adopting e-health includes fear of the loss of personal data and information (p = 0.0401, < 0.05). Moreover, they did not trust on online medications as the doctor cannot prescribe medicines without seeing physical health of the patient. The current study concluded that by making improvement in policies and proper commercializing the e-health apps together with awareness programs can boast the adoption of e-health in Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals Brain smart – Let's play safely: Evaluation of a concussion education program in schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 205970022110244
Author(s):  
Katie Alison Falla ◽  
Sarah Randall ◽  
Carol DeMatteo
Keyword(s):  
School Board ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Concussion Management ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Post Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Concussion Knowledge ◽  
Concussion Education

Objectives There are two objectives for this paper. First, to determine effects of a concussion education program in a local school board in terms of concussion-specific knowledge in children and confidence in identifying and managing concussion in adults. Second, to identify differences and similarities in concussion knowledge between children who participate in sports and those who do not and between children with a history of one or more concussions and those without. Design A cross sectional survey regarding concussion knowledge was distributed randomly to students and adults at both pre- and posteducation timepoints. A concussion education program was disseminated across the school board for students between the distribution survey timepoints. Following the education program, adults and students completed their respective post-test surveys. Chi-squared tests in SPSS determined the significance of between-group differences. Results All 17 adults (100.0%) who had received concussion education recently reported confidence in their knowledge of concussion management, compared to 35.7% adults who had not received education for over a year (p = 0.020). For students, all of whom completed the concussion education training between the pre- and post-tests, there were no significant differences in concussion knowledge scores between athletes and non-athletes (either in or outside of school) or between those with a history of concussion and those without. There were no significant changes in concussion knowledge between the pre- and post-tests, except for one question. Conclusion Concussion education programs increase confidence of concussion management protocols in adults involved in sport, but they require improvements to better support knowledge amelioration, particularly for target groups that are at high risk of sustaining another injury.

Psychiatrists and homicidal threats: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Musaab Elzain ◽  
Ahmed Bashir ◽  
Noreen Moloney ◽  
Colum P. Dunne ◽  
Brendan D. Kelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Frequency Characteristics ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
Professional Lives ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Personal Lives ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
History Of ◽  
Outpatient Settings

Objectives: To investigate the frequency, characteristics and impact of death threats by patients towards psychiatrists. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of psychiatrists (n = 60) was undertaken to investigate the frequency, characteristics and impact of death threats by patients in one Irish healthcare region serving a mixed urban–rural population of 470,000. Results: Forty-nine responses (82%) were received. Thirty-one per cent of respondents experienced death threats by patients during their careers. Victims were more likely to be male and in a consultant role. Patients making the threats were more likely to be males aged 30–60 with a history of violence and diagnosis of personality disorder and/or substance misuse. A majority of threats occurred in outpatient settings and identified a specific method of killing, usually by stabbing. Prosecution of the perpetrator was uncommon. Of the victimised psychiatrists, 53% reported that such threats affected their personal lives, and 67% believed their professional lives were impacted. In half of the incidents, there were adverse incidents subsequent to the threats, involving either the patient or the clinician. Conclusions: Death threats by patients have significant psychological and professional impacts on psychiatrists. Early liaison with employers and police and transferring the care of the patient to another clinician may be useful measures.

scholarly journals Assessment of alcohol use disorder and its associated factors among alcohol users of medical and surgical outpatients attending a specialized hospital in Gondar, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Demeke Demilew ◽  
Berhanu Boru ◽  
Getachew Tesfaw ◽  
Habtamu Kerebih ◽  
Endalamaw Salelew
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male Sex

Abstract Background Alcohol use disorder increase the risk of physical harm, mental or social consequences for patients and others in the community. Studies on alcohol use disorder and associated factors among medical and surgical outpatients in Ethiopia are limited. Therefore, this study is meant to provide essential data on alcohol use disorder and associated factors among alcohol user medical and surgical outpatients to intervene in the future. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted by using the systematic random sampling technique. Alcohol use disorders were assessed using the World Health Organization’s 10-item Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed, a P-value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant in the multivariate analysis and the strength of association was measured at a 95% confidence interval. Results The prevalence of alcohol use disorder was 34.5% with a 95% CI (29.20, 39.80) among study participants. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, male sex (AOR = 3.33, 95%CI: 1.40, 7.93), history of mental illness (AOR = 2.68, 95%CI: 1.12, 6.38), drinking for relaxation (AOR = 1.88, 95%CI: 1.02, 3.48) and history of lifetime tobacco use (AOR = 5.64, 95%CI: 1.95, 16.29) were factors significantly associated with alcohol use disorder. Conclusion The prevalence of alcohol use disorders among medical and surgical outpatients was found to be high. Male sex, history of mental illness, alcohol use for relaxation and lifetime cigarette smoking need more attention during the assessment of patients in the medical and surgical outpatient departments.

scholarly journals Willingness to receive future COVID-19 vaccines following the COVID-19 epidemic in Shanghai, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yehong Zhou ◽  
Junjie Zhang ◽  
Wenwen Wu ◽  
Man Liang ◽  
Qiang-Song Wu
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Safety ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
To Receive

Abstract Background There are no pharmacological interventions currently available to prevent the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 or to treat COVID-19. The development of vaccines against COVID-19 is essential to contain the pandemic. we conducted a cross-sectional survey of Shanghai residents to understand residents’ willingness to be vaccinated with any future COVID-19 vaccines and take measures to further improve vaccination coverage. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey using self-administered anonymous questionnaires from 1 July to 8 September 2020. The main outcome was willingness of participants, and any children or older individuals living with them, to receive future COVID-19 vaccines. Logistic regression analyses were used to explore potential factors associated with vaccination willingness. Results A total of 1071 participants were asked about their willingness to receive future COVID-19 vaccines, for themselves and at least 747 children and 375 older individuals (≥60 years old) living with them. The highest proportion of expected willingness to vaccinate was among participants (88.6%), followed by children (85.3%) and older individuals (84.0%). The main reasons for reluctance to vaccinate among 119 participants were doubts regarding vaccine safety (60.0%) and efficacy (28.8%). Participants with a self-reported history of influenza vaccination were more likely to accept COVID-19 vaccines for themselves [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.83; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.19–2.82], their children (adjusted OR = 2.08; 95%CI: 1.30–3.33), and older individuals in their household (adjusted OR = 2.12; 95%CI: 1.14–3.99). Participants with older individuals in their families were less willing to vaccinate themselves (adjusted OR = 0.59; 95%CI: 0.40–0.87) and their children (adjusted OR = 0.58; 95%CI: 0.38–0.89). Conclusions Participants were more reluctant to accept COVID-19 vaccines for older individuals living with them. The presence of older individuals in the home also affected willingness of participants and their children to be vaccinated.

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