Googling in Fear: Measuring Moral Panic Using Internet Searches Before and After Obama’s 2008 Election

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 1333-1348
Author(s):  
Christopher P. Scheitle ◽  
Richard K. Moule ◽  
Bryanna H. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Moral Panic ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Internet Searches ◽  
2008 Election

The association between Japanese-language videos on YouTube regarding COVID-19 and Internet searches in Japan. (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeo Yasu
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
The State ◽  
Google Trends ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Internet Searches ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND Serious public health problems, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, can cause an infodemic. Sources of information that may cause an infodemic include Internet searches and social networking services; YouTube, which consists of content created and uploaded by individuals, is one such source. OBJECTIVE To survey the relationship between YouTube regarding COVID-19 and Internet searches in Japan. METHODS We used Google Trends to survey the relationship between YouTube regarding COVID-19 and Internet searches in Japan. YouTube searches were performed on March 6, 2020 (before the state of emergency), April 14 (during the state of emergency), and May 27 (after the state of emergency was lifted), with 136, 113, and 140 sample videos evaluated, respectively. The Google Trends search was conducted from January 22nd to May 23rd, 2020. The main outcome measures were: (1) The characteristics of each video and (2) uploaded video and Google Trends. RESULTS Of the videos evaluated over the three periods, the total number of videos after removing duplicates was 331. Content related to COVID-19 was present in 23.3% of videos, content related to preventing the spread of infection in 20.5%, content related to treatment in 2.1%, and the other category represented 54.1% of videos. Only 9.1% of the videos were uploaded by healthcare professionals. In the periods before and after the state of emergency, with 7 April as the point of reference, there were 2.9 per day and 2.4 per day uploads before and after the state of emergency, respectively. Regarding Google Trends, before and after the state of emergency, there were 29.5 per day and 54.9 per day total searches, respectively. There were more videos of content related to COVID-19 in March than in April or May (p = .03, p = .03). CONCLUSIONS The information on COVID-19 did not indicate a relationship between the number of YouTube uploads and the number of Internet searches. Most of the videos on COVID-19 were created and uploaded by individuals. Therefore, people need to take great care when obtaining information from YouTube before or early in a pandemic, during which time scientific evidence is scarce.

scholarly journals Internet Searches for Terms Related to Child Maltreatment During COVID-19: Infodemiology Approach (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madelon M E Riem ◽  
Pietro De Carli ◽  
Jing Guo ◽  
Marian J Bakermans-Kranenburg ◽  
Marinus H van IJzendoorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Google Trends ◽  
World Health ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Conflict Tactics Scales ◽  
Internet Searches ◽  
Physical Maltreatment ◽  
Conflict Tactics

UNSTRUCTURED We examined internet searches indicative of abusive parental behaviors before and after the World Health Organization’s declaration of COVID-19 as a pandemic (March 11, 2020) and subsequent lockdown measures in many countries worldwide. Using Google Trends, we inferred search trends between December 28, 2018, and December 27, 2020, for queries consisting of “mother,” “father,” or “parents” combined with each of the 11 maltreatment-related verbs used in the Conflict Tactics Scales, Parent-Child version. Raw search counts from the Google Trends data were estimated using Comscore. Of all 33 search terms, 28 terms showed increases in counts after the lockdowns began. These findings indicate a strong increase in internet searches relating to occurrence, causes, or consequences of emotional and physical maltreatment since the lockdowns began and call for the use of maltreatment-related queries to direct parents or children to online information and support.

scholarly journals Attitude Changes towards Immigrants in the Turbulent Years of the 'Migrant Crisis' and Anti-Immigrant Campaign in Hungary

Intersections ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ildikó Barna ◽  
Júlia Koltai
Keyword(s):  
Political Party ◽  
Moral Panic ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Political Preference ◽  
Party Preference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Hungarian Case ◽  
Incumbent Party ◽  
Political Groups

The paper discusses explanations for attitudes towards immigrants before and after the start of the ‘migrant crisis’. Though the crisis caused changes in peoples’ attitudes all over Europe, the Hungarian case is special due to the Hungarian government’s intensive anti-immigration campaign. To explain the circumstances people encountered during the crisis and the campaign, we first prove that moral panic abounded in society. Then, we show the background effects which affected the emergence of attitudes towards immigration in a political context. In the second part of the paper, we introduce a path model to explain the presumed effect of migration. We analyze this model with regard to the different political party preference groups, assuming that the government’s anti-immigration campaign affected people’s opinions and that people with different party preferences had different attitudes towards immigration: namely, those who were sympathetic to the incumbent party had more negative attitudes towards immigration. This effect has two interpretations. The first is that those who sympathized with the incumbent party were more sensitive to its messages. The other is that those who resonated more with the campaign changed their party preference to favour Fidesz, but those who resonated less with the campaign but used to be sympathizers of Fidesz do not support them anymore. The models show that before the migrant crisis there were only slight differences between political preference groups regarding how anti-migrant attitudes arose. However, after the start of the crisis (and the campaign), diverse processes could be identified in the different political groups, especially in the case of Fidesz sympathizers.

An advertising campaign’s impact on public awareness of vitiligo: a Google-Trends® analysis (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Lapostolle ◽  
Charles Durand ◽  
Lisa Weisslinger ◽  
Chloe Baker ◽  
Frédéric Adnet
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Google Trends ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Median Frequency ◽  
The Public ◽  
Fashion Brand ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Internet Searches ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND The internet has changed the world. Meanwhile, internet searches themselves are now also being used a scientific tool. Recently, a famous European fashion brand (Desigual®) published as publicity, the photograph of a young model with vitiligo. OBJECTIVE To study the impact of the public display of such a rare disease on related internet searches. METHODS To do this, we investigated the Google Trends according to previously recommended methods. We compared the number of internet searches using the word ‘’vitiligo’’ and the model’s name, before and after the publication of this picture. Google Trends gives the frequency of such requests on a scale from 0 to 100, 100 corresponding to the maximum number of requests during the period of interest. A six year period was studied; three years before and three years after the campaign (i.e. 2013 September 1st). RESULTS The median frequency of searches for ‘’vitiligo’’ according to Google Trends, worldwide, was 52 (46-61) during the reference period. After the campaign, the median number of internet requests significantly increased to 70 (59-79) (p<0.0001). Seasonal variability was observed in both periods. During the same periods, the median number of internet searches based on the name of the model significantly increased, from 0 (0-0) to 24 (15-31) (p<0,0001). CONCLUSIONS This advertising campaign featuring a model with vitiligo seems to have been associated with a significant increase in internet searches for this condition. Such campaigns could indeed help to incidentally ‘’popularize’’ such skin disorders, with better public understanding contributing to an improvement in patients’ quality of life. CLINICALTRIAL Not applicable

Deformation Replication

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 280-281
Author(s):  
J. Temple Black
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Rake Face ◽  
Orthogonal Machining ◽  
Aluminum Chips ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Glass Knife ◽  
Very High

Tool materials used in ultramicrotomy are glass, developed by Latta and Hartmann (1) and diamond, introduced by Fernandez-Moran (2). While diamonds produce more good sections per knife edge than glass, they are expensive; require careful mounting and handling; and are time consuming to clean before and after usage, purchase from vendors (3-6 months waiting time), and regrind. Glass offers an easily accessible, inexpensive material ($0.04 per knife) with very high compressive strength (3) that can be employed in microtomy of metals (4) as well as biological materials. When the orthogonal machining process is being studied, glass offers additional advantages. Sections of metal or plastic can be dried down on the rake face, coated with Au-Pd, and examined directly in the SEM with no additional handling (5). Figure 1 shows aluminum chips microtomed with a 75° glass knife at a cutting speed of 1 mm/sec with a depth of cut of 1000 Å lying on the rake face of the knife.

The Clinical, Roentgenological and Morphological Effects of an Acute Exposure of Phosgene on the Lungs of Dogs

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 236-237
Author(s):  
R. F. Bils ◽  
W. F. Diller ◽  
F. Huth
Keyword(s):  
Latent Period ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Lung Edema ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Electron Microscopes

Phosgene still plays an important role as a toxic substance in the chemical industry. Thiess (1968) recently reported observations on numerous cases of phosgene poisoning. A serious difficulty in the clinical handling of phosgene poisoning cases is a relatively long latent period, up to 12 hours, with no obvious signs of severity. At about 12 hours heavy lung edema appears suddenly, however changes can be seen in routine X-rays taken after only a few hours' exposure (Diller et al., 1969). This study was undertaken to correlate these early changes seen by the roengenologist with morphological alterations in the lungs seen in the'light and electron microscopes.Forty-two adult male and female Beagle dogs were selected for these exposure experiments. Treated animals were exposed to 94.5-107-5 ppm phosgene for 10 min. in a 15 m3 chamber. Roentgenograms were made of the thorax of each animal before and after exposure, up to 24 hrs.

Ultrastructure of Melanin Formation in Curvularia sp., Alternaria sp., and Drechslera Sorokiniana

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 398-399
Author(s):  
M. H. Wheeler ◽  
W. J. Tolmsoff ◽  
A. A. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Phosphate ◽  
Thielaviopsis Basicola ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Potassium Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Transmission Microscopy ◽  
Electron Transmission ◽  
Melanin Formation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Alternaria Sp ◽  
Electron Transmission Microscopy

(+)-Scytalone [3,4-dihydro-3,6,8-trihydroxy-l-(2Hj-naphthalenone] and 1,8-di- hydroxynaphthalene (DHN) have been proposed as intermediates of melanin synthesis in the fungi Verticillium dahliae (1, 2, 3, 4) and Thielaviopsis basicola (4, 5). Scytalone is enzymatically dehydrated by V. dahliae to 1,3,8-trihydroxynaphthalene which is then reduced to (-)-vermelone [(-)-3,4- dihydro-3,8-dihydroxy-1(2H)-naphthalenone]. Vermelone is subsequently dehydrated to DHN which is enzymatically polymerized to melanin.Melanin formation in Curvularia sp., Alternaria sp., and Drechslera soro- kiniana was examined by light and electron-transmission microscopy. Wild-type isolates of each fungus were compared with albino mutants before and after treatment with 1 mM scytalone or 0.1 mM DHN in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.0. Both chemicals were converted to dark pigments in the walls of hyphae and conidia of the albino mutants. The darkened cells were similar in appearance to corresponding cells of the wild types under the light microscope.

Evaluation of Freezing Methods by Low Temperature X-Ray Diffraction

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 330-333
Author(s):  
T. Gulik-Krzywicki ◽  
M.J. Costello
Keyword(s):  
Biological Materials ◽  
Molecular Organization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rate Dependent ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Freeze Etching ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Set Up

Freeze-etching electron microscopy is currently one of the best methods for studying molecular organization of biological materials. Its application, however, is still limited by our imprecise knowledge about the perturbations of the original organization which may occur during quenching and fracturing of the samples and during the replication of fractured surfaces. Although it is well known that the preservation of the molecular organization of biological materials is critically dependent on the rate of freezing of the samples, little information is presently available concerning the nature and the extent of freezing-rate dependent perturbations of the original organizations. In order to obtain this information, we have developed a method based on the comparison of x-ray diffraction patterns of samples before and after freezing, prior to fracturing and replication.Our experimental set-up is shown in Fig. 1. The sample to be quenched is placed on its holder which is then mounted on a small metal holder (O) fixed on a glass capillary (p), whose position is controlled by a micromanipulator.

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