scholarly journals Short- and long-term reliability of leg extensor power measurement in middle-aged and older adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 970-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Hurst ◽  
Alan M Batterham ◽  
Kathryn L Weston ◽  
Matthew Weston
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Power Measurement ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Leg Extensor Power

scholarly journals Nutrition support in critically ill COVID-19 patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Abdolreza Norouzy
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Nutrition Support ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Long Term Prognosis ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Diagnosis and treatment of malnutrition should be considered in the management of COVID-19 patients to improve both short- and long-term prognosis. Patients at risk for poor outcomes and higher mortality following infection with COVID-19, namely older adults and polymorbid individuals, should be checked for malnutrition through screening and assessment.

scholarly journals Randomized placebo-controlled study of the memory effects of pomegranate juice in middle-aged and older adults

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabha Siddarth ◽  
Zhaoping Li ◽  
Karen J Miller ◽  
Linda M Ercoli ◽  
David A Merril ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Pomegranate Juice ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Daily Consumption

ABSTRACT Background Antioxidant nutrients such as the polyphenols in pomegranate juice may prevent neuronal damage from the free radicals produced during normal metabolism. Previous research in animals and a short-term clinical trial in middle-aged and older adults support the potential memory benefits of pomegranate juice; however, the long-term effects of pomegranate juice consumption on cognition have not been studied. Objective In this study, we investigated the long-term effect of pomegranate juice on memory in nondemented middle-aged and older adults. Methods We performed a 12-month, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of pomegranate juice in middle-aged and older adults. Two hundred and sixty-one subjects (aged 50–75 y) were randomly assigned to consume pomegranate juice [8 oz (236.5 mL) per day] or a placebo drink (8 oz, matched constituents of pomegranate juice except for pomegranate polyphenols). Memory measures [Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R) and Buschke Selective Reminding Test (SRT)] were assessed at 6 and 12 mo and analyzed using a mixed-effects general linear model. Results Twenty-eight subjects in the pomegranate juice group and 33 subjects in the placebo group dropped out before completing the study. Baseline variables in the 98 pomegranate juice and 102 placebo group subjects who completed the study did not differ significantly. Group by time interaction was statistically significant for BVMT-R Learning (F[2, 257]= 5.90, P  = 0.003; between-group effect size [ES] = 0.45): the change within the pomegranate group was not significant (ES = 0.15), whereas the placebo group showed a significant decline (ES = −0.35). Changes in the other BVMT-R scores as well as the SRT measures were not significantly different between groups. Conclusions Daily consumption of pomegranate juice may stabilize the ability to learn visual information over a 12-mo period. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02093130.

The impact of intergenerational programs on children and older adults: a review

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Rosaria Gualano ◽  
Gianluca Voglino ◽  
Fabrizio Bert ◽  
Robin Thomas ◽  
Elisa Camussi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Intergenerational Programs ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Final Selection ◽  
Reporting Data

ABSTRACTBackground:Elderly are at particular risk of social isolation. This condition significantly affects health; on the contrary, social involvement can be extremely advantageous. In this context, intergenerational programs improve interactions between different ages. Then, we conducted a review regarding intergenerational programs, to summarize the effects of these activities on both elderly and children.Methods:Our review followed the PRISMA statements. We considered papers reporting data about intergenerational programs involving children (preschool and elementary) and elderly.Results:The final selection obtained 27 sources. Ten studies evaluated children's outcomes outlining the positive impact of intergenerational programs upon children's perception of elderly. The effects on older participants were variegated considering well-being, depression, self-reported health, and self-esteem. Moreover, the retrieved studies outlined the importance of a careful organization and of a specific training for all staff members. The staff involved in similar programs appeared, overall, highly satisfied.Discussion:The positive impact on children of intergenerational programs is proved at both short- and long-term. Moreover, despite the different outcomes considered and the variable results, these programs resulted overall beneficial on elderly participants. Finally, similar activities resulted feasible even in case of older adults with dementia.

scholarly journals Retrospective Attention in Short-Term Memory Has a Lasting Effect on Long-Term Memory Across Age

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 1317-1325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Strunk ◽  
Lauren Morgan ◽  
Sarah Reaves ◽  
Paul Verhaeghen ◽  
Audrey Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Short And Long Term

Abstract Objectives Declines in both short- and long-term memory are typical of healthy aging. Recent findings suggest that retrodictive attentional cues (“retro-cues”) that indicate the location of to-be-probed items in short-term memory (STM) have a lasting impact on long-term memory (LTM) performance in young adults. Whether older adults can also use retro-cues to facilitate both STM and LTM is unknown. Method Young and older adults performed a visual STM task in which spatially informative retro-cues or noninformative neutral-cues were presented during STM maintenance of real-world objects. We tested participants’ memory at both STM and LTM delays for objects that were previously cued with retrodictive or neutral-cues during STM order to measure the lasting impact of retrospective attention on LTM. Results Older adults showed reduced STM and LTM capacity compared to young adults. However, they showed similar magnitude retro-cue memory benefits as young adults at both STM and LTM delays. Discussion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate whether retro-cues in STM facilitate the encoding of objects into LTM such that they are more likely to be subsequently retrieved by older adults. Our results support the idea that retrospective attention can be an effective means by which older adults can improve their STM and LTM performance, even in the context of reduced memory capacity.

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