Differential Incorporation of Dietary Fatty Acids from Flax and Fish Oils into Lipid Classes of White Bass Ova

2011 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi A. Lewis ◽  
Jesse T. Trushenski ◽  
Ryan L. Lane ◽  
Christopher C. Kohler
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Classes ◽  
Fish Oils ◽  
White Bass

scholarly journals Growth and Lipidomic Analyses of Penaeus monodon Larvae Supplemented With Aurantiochytrium limacinum BCC52274

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virak Visudtiphole ◽  
Jutatip Khudet ◽  
Panomkorn Chaitongsakul ◽  
Siwat Plaisen ◽  
Jittima Siriwattano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Penaeus Monodon ◽  
Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Classes ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Supplementation Period ◽  
Marked Accumulation ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Average Body

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) are essential for growth and health of larval marine animals. Marine animals have a limited capability for LC-PUFA synthesis, and the larvae must obtain LC-PUFAs from diet. The protist Aurantiochytrium limacinum (AL) is abundant in 22:6 n-3 (docosahexaenoic acid, DHA), 22:5 n-3 (docosapentaenoic acid, DPA) and 16:0 fatty acids, which qualifies it as an LC-PUFA source for feed application. Therefore, in this study, a common feed containing lower amounts of total LC-PUFAs, Thalasiosira weissflogii, was replaced with AL at graded proportions and supplied to Penaeus monodon larvae from mysis (M) 1 to post-larval (PL) 2 stages to supplement LC-PUFAs in the diet. After that, all shrimp from PL2 to PL12 were continuously reared and subjected to the same diet regime, which was a combination of Artemia and commercial dried feed. The AL-supplemented PL2 shrimp demonstrated marked accumulation of the key fatty acids present in AL—16:0, DPA and DHA. The supplemented larvae showed no difference in growth during the supplementation period from M1 to PL2; however, average body weight and biomass were increased in PL12 shrimp that were fed earlier with AL. Lipidomic analysis revealed that profiles of fatty acids but not lipid classes/subclasses in PL shrimp reflected the supplied diet. The main saturated fatty acid (SFA, 16:0) predominantly accumulated in acylglycerols, which are energy-reserve lipids, in PL2 shrimp. Both LC-PUFAs (DHA and DPA) were preferentially deposited in phospholipids or structural lipids. Furthermore, while the amounts of both LC-PUFAs increased along with the amount of supplied AL, that of the SFA did not. This suggests that LC-PUFAs were prioritized to be stored over SFA when both types of fatty acids were present in high amounts. This analysis substantiates the importance of LC-PUFAs and provides an insight into how different types of the dietary fatty acids were differentially accumulated in lipid classes and subclasses for their biological functions.

Postprandial Activation of Coagulant Factor VII by Long-chain Dietary Fatty Acids

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (03) ◽  
pp. 369-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
T A B Sanders ◽  
G J Miller ◽  
Tamara de Grassi ◽  
Najat Yahia
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Postprandial Lipaemia ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Coagulant Activity ◽  
Long Chain Triglycerides ◽  
Long Chain

SummaryFactor VII coagulant activity (FVIIc) is associated with an increased risk of fatal ischaemic heart disease (IHD). Several reports have suggested that dietary fat intake or hypertriglyceridaemia are associated with elevated levels of FVII. This study demonstrates that an intake of long-chain fatty acids sufficient to induce postprandial lipaemia in healthy subjects leads to a substantial elevation in both FVIIc and the concentration of FVII circulating in the activated form. Such an increase in FVIIc could not be induced by medium-chain triglycerides. These results suggest that the consumption of a sufficient amount of long-chain triglycerides to induce postprandial lipaemia induces the activation of FVII.

Differential Effects of Dietary Fatty Acids on Body Composition and Adiposity

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Emamat ◽  
Zahra Yari ◽  
Hossein Farhadnejad ◽  
Parvin Mirmiran
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fats ◽  
Total Body

Recent evidence has highlighted that fat accumulation, particularly abdominal fat distribution, is strongly associated with metabolic disturbance. It is also well-recognized that the metabolic responses to variations in macronutrients intake can affect body composition. Previous studies suggest that the quality of dietary fats can be considered as the main determinant of body-fat deposition, fat distribution, and body composition without altering the total body weight; however, the effects of dietary fats on body composition have controversial results. There is substantial evidence to suggest that saturated fatty acids are more obesogen than unsaturated fatty acids, and with the exception of some isomers like conjugate linoleic acid, most dietary trans fatty acids are adiposity enhancers, but there is no consensus on it yet. On the other hand, there is little evidence to indicate that higher intake of the n-3 and the n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids can be beneficial in attenuating adiposity, and the effect of monounsaturated fatty acids on body composition is contradictory. Accordingly, the content of this review summarizes the current body of knowledge on the potential effects of the different types of dietary fatty acids on body composition and adiposity. It also refers to the putative mechanisms underlying this association and reflects on the controversy of this topic.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Fat Composition and 2’Fucosyllactose on Neonatal Piglet Growth and Organ Lipid Composition

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1038-1038
Author(s):  
Michael Miklus ◽  
Pedro Prieto ◽  
Cynthia Barber ◽  
Robert Rhoads ◽  
Samer El-Kadi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Infant ◽  
Lps Challenge ◽  
Group 3

Abstract Objectives The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of 2’fucosyllactose (2’FL) and fat blends on growth, body composition and fatty acid profile of the liver and brain using the neonatal pig as a model for the human infant. Methods Pigs (3 d old) were randomly assigned to either: 1. control, 2. Palm Olein (PO) fat blend – Low 2'-FL, 3. PO – High 2'-FL, 4. High oleic acid (HO) – Low 2'-FL, 5. HO FB – High 2'-FL, 6. PO FB – GLA, or 7. kept with their sows. Pigs in groups 1 to 6 received 250 ml·kg−1·d−1 of formula in 5 equal meals for 15 d. On day 14 of the study, groups 1–6 received intraperitoneal E. coli LPS challenge at 100 µg·kg−1 weight. Results Body weight was greater for piglets fed by sows than those in the other groups (P < 0.001). In addition, % fat and bone mineral content were higher in the sow-fed group while lean % was less sow-fed piglets (group 7) compared with those in the other groups (P < 0.05). Only longissimus weight expressed as a % of body weight, was greater for group 7 compared with all other groups (P < 0.001). Soleus, semitendinosus, brain, heart and spleen weights as a % of body weight were similar across all groups. However, liver weight as a % of body weight was greater in groups 1–6 (3.7%) compared with group 7 (2.8%; P < 0.001). The proportion of brain 16:1 fatty acid was less (0.83%) for groups 1–6 than for group 7 pigs (1.08%; P < 0.0001). The proportion of 20:3 N6 was greatest (0.66%) for group 3 compared with groups 1 and 4 (0.55%; P < 0.05). In addition, the proportion of 20:5 N3 was greatest (0.12%) for group 3 compared with groups 1 and 7 (0.07%; P < 0.05). The proportion of liver 16:1, 18:0, and 18:1 cis-11 fatty acids were greater for group 7 (2.3, 23, 2.2%) than groups 1–6 (0.2, 20, 1.2%; P < 0.0001). Conversely, the contribution of 14:0, 18:1 cis-9, 18:3 N6 cis-6,9,12, and 22:6 N3 were greater for pigs in groups 1–6 (1.3, 0.6, and 14, 7.8%) compared with those in group 7 (0.5, 8.5, 0.2 and 3.5%; P < 0.0001). Conclusions Our data suggest that feeding 2’fucosyllactose had no effect on the body weight gain and composition in neonatal pigs. Our data also suggest that dietary fatty acids have a greater effect on liver than on brain fatty acid composition. Funding Sources Funding for the work was provided by Perrigo Nutritionals, LLC.

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