Accelerometer-measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Breaks are associated with Maximal Fat Oxidation in young adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Juan Corral-Pérez ◽  
Daniel Velázquez-Díaz ◽  
Alejandro Perez-Bey ◽  
Adrián Montes-de-Oca-García ◽  
Jorge R. Fernandez-Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Sedentary Breaks ◽  
Maximal Fat Oxidation

scholarly journals Impact of Acute Eccentric versus Concentric Running on Exercise-Induced Fat Oxidation and Postexercise Physical Activity in Untrained Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Shaea Alkahtani ◽  
Osama Aljuhani ◽  
Nasser Alkhalidi ◽  
Naif Almasuod ◽  
Omar Hezam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Group Interaction ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Maximal Fat Oxidation ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Two Stages

Introduction. This study aimed at comparing the rate of exercise-induced fat oxidation and postexercise free-living physical activity after constant-load flat running (FR) and downhill running (DHR) bouts at an intensity that elicited maximal fat oxidation. Methods. Participants were 11 healthy untrained men (mean age 25.6±3.3 years; VO2max39.11±8.05 ml/kg/min). The study included four visits. The first two visits determined the intensity of maximal fat oxidation during incremental FR and DHR tests. The second two visits involved constant-load FR or DHR at the intensity that elicited maximal fat oxidation in a counterbalanced order separated by two weeks. Gas exchange analysis was used to measure substrate oxidation during all exercise sessions. Sedentary time and physical activity were measured using ActiGraph triaxial accelerometers for three days including the day of exercise tests (the second day). Results. During the incremental exercise tests, fat oxidation was significantly greater during the first stage of FR (P<0.05) but started to increase during the fourth stage of DHR, although this did not reach significance. Of the 11 participants, 7 had greater fat oxidation during DHR. During continuous constant-load running, fat oxidation was higher during DHR than FR but at only two stages was either significant or borderline significant, and the time/group interaction was not significant. There was no significant effect on sedentary time of time/group interaction (P=0.769), but there was a significant effect of time (P=0.005), and there was no significant effect on total physical activity of time/group interaction (P=0.283) or time (P=0.602). Conclusion. Acute aerobic eccentric exercise at an intensity eliciting maximal fat oxidation enhanced exercise-induced fat oxidation without worsening postexercise free-living physical activity, indicating it could be a useful training modality in weight management programs.

Association of sedentary and physical activity time with maximal fat oxidation during exercise in sedentary adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1605-1614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Amaro‐Gahete ◽  
Francisco M. Acosta ◽  
Jairo H. Migueles ◽  
Jesús G. Ponce González ◽  
Jonatan R. Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Activity Time ◽  
Maximal Fat Oxidation

scholarly journals Influence of ACE Gene I/D Polymorphism on Cardiometabolic Risk, Maximal Fat Oxidation, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Diet and Physical Activity in Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3443
Author(s):  
Adrián Montes-de-Oca-García ◽  
Alejandro Perez-Bey ◽  
Daniel Velázquez-Díaz ◽  
Juan Corral-Pérez ◽  
Edgardo Opazo-Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity ◽  
Maximal Fat Oxidation ◽  
The Relationship

There is controversy about the relationship between ACE I/D polymorphism and health. Seventy-four healthy adults (n = 28 women; 22.5 ± 4.2 years) participated in this cross-sectional study aimed at determining the influence of ACE I/D polymorphism, ascertained by polymerase chain reaction, on cardiometabolic risk (i.e., waist circumference, body fat, blood pressure (BP), glucose, triglycerides, and inflammatory markers), maximal fat oxidation (MFO), cardiorespiratory fitness (maximal oxygen uptake), physical activity and diet. Our results showed differences by ACE I/D polymorphism in systolic BP (DD: 116.4 ± 11.8 mmHg; ID: 116.7 ± 6.3 mmHg; II: 109.4 ± 12.3 mmHg, p = 0.035) and body fat (DD: 27.3 ± 10.8%; ID: 22.6 ± 9.7%; II: 19.3 ± 7.1%, p = 0.030). Interestingly, a genotype*sex interaction in relativized MFO by lean mass (p = 0.048) was found. The DD polymorphism had higher MFO values than ID/II polymorphisms in men (8.4 ± 3.0 vs. 6.5 ± 2.9 mg/kg/min), while the ID/II polymorphisms showed higher R-MFO values than DD polymorphism in women (6.6 ± 2.3 vs. 7.6 ± 2.6 mg/kg/min). In conclusion, ACE I/D polymorphism is apparently associated with adiposity and BP, where a protective effect can be attributed to the II genotype, but not with cardiorespiratory fitness, diet and physical activity. Moreover, our study highlighted that there is a sexual dimorphism in the influence of ACE I/D gene polymorphism on MFO.

scholarly journals Objectively Measured Physical Activity Is Associated with Static Balance in Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 10787
Author(s):  
Wenfei Zhu ◽  
Yunfeng Li ◽  
Bingqi Wang ◽  
Chenxi Zhao ◽  
Tongzhou Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Force Platform ◽  
Static Balance ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Sedentary Breaks ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Objectively Measured Physical Activity

Purpose: Regular physical activity (PA) strengthens muscles and improves balance and coordination of human body. The aim of this study was to examine whether objectively measured physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors were related to static balance in young men and women. Design and setting: Cross-sectional community study. Participants: 86 healthy adults (50% women) aged 21.26 ± 2.11 years. Method: PA variables, including moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), light PA (LPA), sedentary time (SED), and sedentary breaks, were measured by accelerometers on wrist (ActiGraph WGT3X-BT). The static balance was tested in the bipedal stance with eyes open or closed. The movement of the center of pressure, including total sway path length (SP), sway velocity (SV), and sway area (SA), was recorded with a three-dimensional force platform (Kistler 9287CA). The associations between PA (MVPA/LPA/SED/sedentary breaks) and static balance (SP/SV/SA) were analyzed using mixed linear regression analyses, with adjustments for condition (eyes open/closed), sex, age, body mass index (BMI), total device wearing time, and PA*condition. Data were analyzed with SPSS 24.0. Results: Better performance was observed in eyes-open condition (p < 0.05). MVPA was negatively associated with SA (p = 0.030), and SED was positively associated with SA after adjustments, respectively (p = 0.0004). No significance was found in the association of light PA, SED, or sedentary breaks with other static balance variables, respectively (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Increasing MVPA and less SED are associated with lower sway area measured by force platform, indicating more PA may related to better static balance in young adults.

Maximal fat oxidation capacity is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in healthy young adults

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Adrián Montes-de-Oca-García ◽  
Alejandro Perez-Bey ◽  
Juan Corral-Pérez ◽  
Daniel Velázquez-Díaz ◽  
Edgardo Opazo-Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Oxidation Capacity ◽  
Maximal Fat Oxidation

Sex difference in substrate oxidation during low-intensity isometric exercise in young adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 977-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delphine Sarafian ◽  
Yves Schutz ◽  
Jean-Pierre Montani ◽  
Abdul G. Dulloo ◽  
Jennifer L. Miles-Chan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Substrate Oxidation ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Carbohydrate Oxidation ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity

Low-intensity physical activity is increasingly promoted as an alternative to sedentary behavior. However, much research to date has focused on moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity, and in particular dynamic work, with the effect of low-intensity isometric exercise (<4 METs) on substrate utilization yet to be explored. Here we investigate the effects of such exercise on respiratory quotient (RQ) and determine the extent of intra- and inter-individual variability in response. Energy expenditure, RQ, and substrate oxidation were measured by ventilated-hood indirect calorimetry at rest and in response to standardized, intermittent, low-level isometric leg-press exercises at 5 loads (+5, +10, +15, +20, +25 kg) in 26 healthy, young adults. Nine participants repeated the experiment on 3 separate days to assess within-subject, between-day variability. There was no significant difference in energy cost and heart rate responses to low-intensity isometric exercise (<2 METs) between men and women. However, a sex difference was apparent in terms of substrate oxidation – with men increasing both fat and carbohydrate oxidation, and women only increasing fat oxidation while maintaining carbohydrate oxidation at baseline, resting levels. This sex difference was repeatable and persisted when substrate oxidation was adjusted for differences in body weight or body composition. Individual variability in RQ was relatively low, with both intra- and inter-individual coefficients of variation in the range of 3%–6% in both sexes. These results suggest that women preferentially increase fat oxidation during low-level isometric exercise. Whether such physical activity could be incorporated into treatment/prevention strategies aimed at optimizing fat oxidation in women warrants further investigation.

scholarly journals Choroidal Thickness and Volume Modifications Induced by Aerobic Exercise in Healthy Young Adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gema Insa-Sánchez ◽  
Lorena Fuentes-Broto ◽  
Alberto Cobos ◽  
Elvira Orduna Hospital ◽  
Francisco Segura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Enhanced Depth Imaging ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Imaging Protocol ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Our aim was to evaluate the changes in choroidal thickness (CT) and volume (CV) following aerobic physical exercise in healthy young adults. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This study included 72 eyes from healthy volunteers between 22 and 37 years old. Using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, total physical activity was computed. Measurements using an autorefractometer, ocular biometry, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography using the Enhanced Depth Imaging protocol were taken. OCT was performed as a baseline measurement and after performing 10 min of dynamic physical exercise (3 and 10 min post-exercise). The choroidal layer was manually segmented, and the CT and CV in different areas from the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study grid were obtained. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In healthy adults, at 3 min post-exercise, CT was higher in the subfoveal, the 3-mm nasal, and the 6-mm superior areas. Between 3 and 10 min post-exercise, the CT was reduced in all areas, and in some areas, the values were even smaller than the baseline measurements. The CV values showed changes after exercise similar to those of thickness. The total CV recovery after exercise was related to sex and physical activity level. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Individuals with higher physical activity habits had greater CV at rest than those with lower physical activity levels. During exercise, healthy young people adjust CT and CV. At 3 min post-exercise, CT and CV increase. Women and individuals with greater physical activity levels reduce their total CV more than others during recovery.

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