scholarly journals Experimental and theoretical investigations of traditional solar still productivity in cold climatic

2021 ◽  
Vol 2119 (1) ◽  
pp. 012096
Author(s):  
Naseer T. Alwan ◽  
S E Shcheklein ◽  
O M Ali
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
Theoretical Investigations ◽  
Weather Parameters ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
Acceptable Agreement

Abstract Solar distillation is an important technology to get potable water from saltwater using clean and free solar energy. In the current study, an experimental and theoretical investigation of a single-slope traditional solar still was carried out, and the freshwater productivity and thermal efficiency were evaluated for four typical days (19/06, 17/07, 22/08, and 15/09) of 2019 by implementing temperature parameters in different points of the solar still, and the weather parameters such as solar radiation, and ambient air temperature. The study showed an acceptable agreement between the experimental and theoretical results with an average of 6.6% measured deviation of the experimental data. It was noticed that the highest values of productivity were recorded on July 17, 2019.

Theoretical Investigations Of The Spin Hamiltonian Parameters Of Zrsio4:Np4+

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 471-475
Author(s):  
Shao-Yi Wu ◽  
Hui-Ning Dong
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Superposition Model ◽  
Spin Hamiltonian ◽  
Theoretical Investigations ◽  
Structure Constants ◽  
Crystal Field Parameters ◽  
Hamiltonian Parameters ◽  
Theoretical Results

In this work, the spin Hamiltonian (SH) parameters g|| and g⊥, and the hyperfine structure constants A|| and A⊥ for ZrSiO4:Np4+ are investigated on the basis of the perturbation formulas of these parameters for a 5f3 ion in tetragonal (D2d) symmetry. In these formulas, the contributions to the SH parameters from the second-order perturbation terms, the admixtures of various energy levels and the covalency effect are taken into account. The related crystal-field parameters are calculated from the superposition model and the local structural data of the Zr4+ site occupied by the impurity Np4+. The calculated SH parameters agree reasonably with the experimental data. The validity of the theoretical results is discussed.

Enhancement of Productivity on Double Slope Single Basin Solar still by Flat Plate Collector and Sponge

2015 ◽  
Vol 813-814 ◽  
pp. 690-694
Author(s):  
J. Prabahar ◽  
Thangavel Balusamy ◽  
Varghese M. John
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Living Thing ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
Flat Plate Collector

One of the essential needs of a living thing on earth is the pure water and nowadays this valuable natural resource is facing severe scarcity problems. Solar distillation is a better choice to minimize this problem by harvesting solar radiation in solar still and thereby producing pure water from hard water or brine. In this work, an attempt was made to enhance the productivity of still by flat plate collector, sponge, the combination. Finally, the productivity of the simple still was compared with that of a flat-plate collector, sponge, the combination. Use of flat plate collector and sponge increases the overall temperature of the still water and enhance the evaporation respectively thereby this will improve the condensate production of the solar still. It was observed that productivity increased by 14% in case of still with a collector, 10% for still with a sponge and 17% for still with collector sponge combination when compared with simple still.

scholarly journals The Effect of Condenser Plate Material on Single Slope Solar Still Productivity under Malaysian Climate

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 2801-2805
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Float Glass ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Plate Material ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
Developed Nations

Access to fresh water is a problem faced by both developed and under developed nations. Although seawater is plentiful, large amounts of energy is required to separate the potable water from the salts. Compared to other desalination processes utilising fossil fuels, solar distillation is inexpensive, environmentally friendly and employs clean and renewable energy. This paper seeks to explore the effect of the single slope solar still condenser plate material on the still production under Malaysian climate. 5 mm thick extra clear float glass condenser plate produced the highest amount of fresh water (63.5 ml) compared to 2 mm thick clear float glass and 5 mm thick bronze glass.

Theoretical Investigations of the High-Pressure Optical Properties of γ-Si3N4

2012 ◽  
Vol 490-495 ◽  
pp. 3874-3877
Author(s):  
Dong Chen ◽  
Bao Ku Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Electromagnetic Wave ◽  
Plane Wave ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Theoretical Investigations ◽  
Pseudo Potential ◽  
Theoretical Results

The high-pressure optical properties of the spinel γ-Si3N4 material have been calculated by the plane-wave pseudo-potential method. Our calculated lattice constant is in agreement with the theoretical results and available experimental data. γ-Si3N4 can be used as anti-reflection coatings in the energy range of 10eV～21eV due to high reflectivity. The electromagnetic wave (frequency: 8eV～17eV) can easily traverse the γ-Si3N4 crystal. The peak of the energy loss function is located around 22eV. More importantly, our calculated dielectric constant is 4eV (at 30GPa), which is in agreement with the calculated value.

Experimental Investigation on the Performance of Four Types of Solar Stills in Malaysia

2014 ◽  
Vol 567 ◽  
pp. 56-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Riahi ◽  
Khamaruzaman Wan Yusof ◽  
Mohamed Hasnain Isa ◽  
Balbir Singh Mahinder Singh ◽  
Amirhossein Malakahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Sand Layer ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Black Paint ◽  
Tropical Condition ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
Sea Sand

This study aims at improving a solar distillation still by comparing the performance of four types of double slope single basin solar stills to produce adequate amount of potable water in the areas with confined fresh water. These solar stills fabricated with similar shapes. In each solar still a stainless steel basin with the length of 50 cm, width of 30 cm and depth of 8 cm was utilized. The still configurations differed based on inclusion of 2 cm depth of sea sand layer in the basin, a layer of black paint in the basin and use of a 50 W PV-DC heater. The study was conducted to increase the potable water production under Malaysia tropical condition. A comparative research of cumulative water production among these solar stills showed that solar still with black painted basin was the more efficient; producing 234 %, 190% and 148% the potable water produced by a conventional solar still, solar still with sand layer in basin and solar still connected to a PV-DC heater, respectively.

scholarly journals Experiments for calculating Properties of Distilled Water from Solar Still and Potable water from Reverse Osmosis Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1780-1785
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Absorber Plate

Solar stills absorb solar radiation convert brackish water into distilled water. In this project, a comparative analysis between the properties of distilled water from solar still and potable water from reverse osmosis process has been carried out. Two metals (Aluminium and GI sheet) and Granite stone are used as absorber plates. The water properties collected from three different absorber plates are compared with the potable water that obtained from reverse osmosis process. Based on the amount of water collected, thermal conductivity is analyzed between three absorber plate materials. An analysis on pH value, total dissolved solids, hardness dissolved oxygen between distilled water from solar still and potable water from reverse osmosis process is also evaluated.

scholarly journals Performance of cylindrical solar still with hemispherical cover: CFD simulation study

2021 ◽  
Vol 286 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
Qahtan A Abed ◽  
Dhafer M Hachim ◽  
Wisam A Abd Al-Wahid
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Computer Simulation Model ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
Acceptable Agreement ◽  
Purification Of Water

Solar distillation collectors are the device that runs on freshwater products. The solar still is one solar thermal technology for purification of water. This technique is employed to convert saline water into freshwater. At this time, the human being increased freshwater required consumption because of the increasing population density. The thermal analysis of a new design of cylindrical solar still (CSS) with hemispherical cover has been studied. A computer simulation model was improved to investigate its performance. The 2D symmetry simulation models of cylindrical solar still have been validated. The simulation model can emulate the temperature value of different points inside the CSS. The simulation results confirm an acceptable agreement with the experimental result was reported in the literature. From this simulation, it was noted that the freshwater product from the cylindrical solar still obtains the maximum daily productivity of 6.1 kg/m2 as compared to a traditional single slope solar still SSS as 3.18 kg/m2 during the day.

Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of Complex Formation of Substituted Phenylazo-Derivatives of Methylphloroglucinol

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 295-300
Author(s):  
Olga Kovalchukova ◽  
Amangdam A.T. ◽  
Strashnova S.B. ◽  
Strashnov P.V. ◽  
Romashkina E.P. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Organic Ligand ◽  
Spectrophotometric Titration ◽  
Organic Ligands ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Tautomeric Forms ◽  
Theoretical Investigations ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
Titration Technique

Using spectrophotometric titration technique, the processes of complex formation of some phenylazo-derivatives of methylphloroglucinol (MPG) containing hydroxo-, nitro- and nitroso-substituents were studied. The spectral criteria of neutral and ionized forms of the organic ligands in their different tautomeric forms were determined.It was detected that the complex formation is accompanied by formation of one or two chelate cycles which involve azo- or nitroso-fragments and neighboring OH-groups of the organic ligands. Different types of coordination lead to different changes in the electronic absorption spectra.The DFT-B3LYP modeling of a Ni(II) complex of α-hydroxyphenylazo MPG established the most probable coordination mode of the organic ligand: tridentate chelating dianion, distorted square coordination of Ni-cations including one water molecule.  The theoretical results are in a good accordance with the experimental data.

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