scholarly journals Thermomechanical voltages in the insulation of traction electric machines of locomotive

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (4) ◽  
pp. 042087
Author(s):  
V V Grachev ◽  
M A Shrajber
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Electric Machines ◽  
Electromagnetic Properties ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Optimal Service ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Cost Of Materials ◽  
Electric Traction ◽  
The Cost

Abstract In recent years, the production of locomotives in our country has increased significantly. At the same time, a lot of efforts are made to increase the power, reliability and efficiency of their work. One of the key components of any locomotive is electric traction machines, which are usually designed to the limit in order to obtain maximum torque and power density in the limited space of the rolling stock. Previously, this problem was solved by increasing the electromagnetic properties of materials, thermal conductivity of insulating materials. However, this path has exhausted the possibilities for increasing the efficiency of traction electric machines. As the design of traction electric machines improves, their level of functionality, reliability and durability increases, electric traction systems become more relevant and important for reducing the cost of materials, maintenance and ensuring traffic safety. The insulation state of the windings of traction electric machines mainly determines their reliability and performance, affects the service life and the cost of maintenance. Therefore, when designing a traction electric machine, it is important to take into account all operational factors that determine the optimal service life of a locomotive. The article discusses the effect of thermomechanical stresses in the insulation of traction electric machines on their reliability and durability.

scholarly journals STRATEGIC PLANNING OF THE ROLLING STOCK IN TRANSPORTATION BY RAIL

Transport ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 230-233
Author(s):  
Saulius Kaminskas
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Repair Costs ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Optimal Service ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

Planning the structure and volume of the rolling stock is a key factor of achieving maximum efficiency of transportation by rail as well as forecasting the demand for these it transport facilities. The demand for trains is a time — dependant variable which in each case should be determined by two main approaches. The first method allows us to determine quantitative parameters of rolling stock (i.e. kilometers logged, efficiency, turnover, etc.). The second is based on specially developed mathematical models relying on qualitative characteristics such as relative expenses, efficiency of the particular train, relative expenditure of resources, cost of the trains, etc. Planning the volume of the rolling stock the determination of optimal service life of the trains plays an important role. The calculations involve repair costs, number of overhauls, current expenses and other operational characteristics.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF THE ROLLING STOCK SERVICE LIFE AT TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-79
Author(s):  
Artyom V. Bazanov ◽  
◽  
Nikolay O. Sapozhenkov ◽  
Ruslan B. Alykov ◽  
Alexander I. Kozhederov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Secondary Market ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Economic Methods ◽  
Optimal Service ◽  
Effective Use

The operation of the rolling stock at transport enterprises is connected with the influence of many factors, and due to their analysis, it is possible to determine the optimal service life of rolling stock to increase the economic efficiency of transport processes. The scientific novelty of the research is represented by the results of experimental data statistical processing that can be used to count the studied patterns models’ parameters for various vehicles and for empirical equations for predicting operating costs based on actual data are established. The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the improvement of technical and economic methods for optimizing the service life of rolling stock based on open information without carrying out resource tests and long-term observations. This makes it possible to assess the operating costs with a high degree of reliability, reasonably form preferences in vehicle configuration and rationally determine the period of effective use, taking into account the type of fuel and the dynamics of changes in the secondary market residual value.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC ADVANTAGES OF THE CONSTRUCTION STRUCTURE OF TRAM LINES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksii Palant ◽  
◽  
Arsen Dzhabrailov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Ballastless Track ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Urban Public Transport ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Increasing Load

The development of urban public transport, and its essential part – tram enterprises – is no exception, is ensured by identifying and solving problems of a practical nature, the main of which the limited financial resources of municipal utilities is the most important. Municipal councils of Ukrainian cities where there is public transport are interested in reducing the cost of maintaining these enterprises. One of the ways to overcome financial dependence in the current situation is to reduce the current costs of maintaining tram lines. For this, tram tracks must become more resistant to the difficult conditions of their exploitation. Ballastless track technologies for the construction / reconstruction of tram tracks is an innovative project for our country, the implementation of which can significantly increase the economic performance of tram municipal enterprises. The article describes several of the most common ballastless track technologies for installing tram tracks, which have positively proven themselves during exploitation in various countries of the world, including Ukraine. Although the installation of tram tracks according to the classical (ballast) technology is a less time-consuming process, but progressive (ballastless) technologies have undoubted economic advantages - durability, preservation from destruction of both the track itself and the rolling stock moving along it, and great savings in maintenance costs. In addition, such structures provide for the ability of tram tracks to resist increasing travel speeds and increasing load on tram rails with constantly growing traffic intensity. They are more environmentally friendly: they create much less noise and vibration, prevent the propagation of stray currents and so forth. What is especially important is their proven undoubted positive impact on traffic safety. All of these advantages increase the quality of transport services for the population. The international experience of the functioning of tram systems moving on ballastless tracks suggests a significant positive economic and social effect from their practical application.

scholarly journals TECHNOLOGICAL METHODS OF INCREASING WEAR RESISTANCE AND DURABILITY OF DETAILS

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
Olena Trukhanska
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Complex Mechanization ◽  
Natural Result ◽  
Quality Of Products ◽  
Cost Of Materials ◽  
The Cost

Improving the reliability and service life of machines, components, units is an important factor in reducing the cost of restoration, downtime of equipment in repair, reducing the number of spare parts. The introduction of the latest technologies of agricultural production, as well as constant modern improvement, the complexity of agricultural machinery is a natural result of its development. Parts restoration technologies are among the most resource-saving, because compared to the manufacture of new parts costs are reduced by up to 70%. The main source of resource savings is the cost of materials. At longtime use of machines wear of details is followed by decrease in operational indicators, causes deterioration of quality of products. The tractor PTO shaft is subjected to significant static and dynamic loads. The high wear rate is due to constant friction with the grafting disc, gear, inner bearing rings. The production of a new power take-off shaft requires significant costs, so the development of new technological processes of repair and restoration is relevant. It is rational at restoration of the previous sizes and return of a detail of normal mechanical properties. The remanufactured part is consuming its life, like a new part, and may exceed the service life of the new part. With the increase in the equipment of agricultural production with more advanced equipment, the conduct of complex mechanization and increasing the efficiency of the use of equipment, repair production is developing and changing. The development of the field of restoration of worn parts is based on close cooperation of repair production with branch and basic science, and achievement of scientific and technical progress. A promising direction of restoration technology in the organizational plan is the deepening of the method of group restoration technology - the creation of a unified group equipment for the restoration of surfaces. It is established that the majority of details of the restored cars are rejected at the expense of insignificant wear of working surfaces, making no more than 1% of initial weight of details. Experiments and practice show that the repair of agricultural machinery is technically impossible to avoid. Most worn parts have a high residual value: their restoration consumes 20-30 times less metal and materials than the manufacture of new ones, which is economically feasible. Problems are considered: the choice of technological process of restoration, the choice of technological equipment, tools.

scholarly journals TESTS OF LOADING STRUCTURES OF A SPECIAL ROLLING STOCK AFTER LONG OPERATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (37) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
O. Fomin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Technical Diagnostics ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Essential Requirement ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Strength Tests ◽  
Long Operation

Traffic safety is an essential requirement for railways. In order to ensure uninterrupted transportation of passengers and goods by rail by the enterprise of JSC "Ukrainian Railways", the task of ensuring the operation of rolling stock outside the assigned line of service remains urgent. Proceeding from this, it follows that it is necessary to carry out tests aimed at creating conditions for the operation of rolling stock while maintaining dynamic and strength characteristics. This article presents the order, scope and results of strength tests of rolling stock after long-term operation on the example of an AS1a-type railroad car. The results of the maximum stress levels, standard deviation, fatigue safety factors, the dependence of the stress level on the speed of movement are obtained. Based on the research results, a technical solution has been developed that allows using technical diagnostics methods to extend the service life of the AS1a type railroad cars after the end of the assigned service life.

scholarly journals Study of a Highly Effective and Affordable Highway Interchange - ITL Interchange

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 820-829
Author(s):  
Goran Jovanović ◽  
Rafko Atelšek
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Traffic Capacity ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Of Construction ◽  
Crossing Point

In this paper we present a new solution for the highway interchange, which represents the best compromise between the traffic capacity, the land area used and construction cost. The difference between the known and the new design solution is in the implementation of the opposite directional ramps which are widely separated in the area of the interchange. In the middle, between the directional ramps, some space is created for the left directional ramps. Interchange should be used for four-way highway interchanges or other heavy traffic roads junction in order to increase the capacity and traffic safety at the crossing point. It has no conflict points. ITL Interchange left directional ramps is much shorter than all other known solutions for interchanges. The interchange is built in two levels. These two facts significantly lower the cost of construction. The study compares different types of interchanges. We made a geometric comparison and performance measures. In geometric comparison, the greatest advantages of the ITL interchange are the shortest overall roadway length and the shortest overpasses length. Therefore, such an interchange is advantageous in terms of construction and maintenance costs. When measuring performance, ITL Interchange achieves the best results regardless of the number of vehicles.

Return on Invesment (ROI) of Software Product: A Systematic Literature Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Rizqa Raaiqa Bintana ◽  
Putri Aisyiyah Rakhma Devi ◽  
Umi Laili Yuhana
Keyword(s):  
Return On Investment ◽  
Assessment Criteria ◽  
Software Product ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Rational Consideration ◽  
Actual Return ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Investment Models ◽  
The Impact

The quality of the software can be measured by its return on investment. Factors which may affect the return on investment (ROI) is the tangible factors (such as the cost) dan intangible factors (such as the impact of software to the users or stakeholder). The factor of the software itself are assessed through reviewing, testing, process audit, and performance of software. This paper discusses the consideration of return on investment (ROI) assessment criteria derived from the software and its users. These criteria indicate that the approach may support a rational consideration of all relevant criteria when evaluating software, and shows examples of actual return on investment models. Conducted an analysis of the assessment criteria that affect the return on investment if these criteria have a disproportionate effort that resulted in a return on investment of a software decreased. Index Terms - Assessment criteria, Quality assurance, Return on Investment, Software product

Design of Electrolytic Strengthening Machine for Cutting Edge of Cutter

2016 ◽  
Vol 693 ◽  
pp. 1585-1590
Author(s):  
Yi Zhuo Guo ◽  
Xian Guo Yan ◽  
Shu Juan Li ◽  
Hong Guo
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Electric Quantity

Many studies have proved the service life of cutter can be prolonged by electrolytic strengthening. Based on the theory of electrolytic strengthening technology, this paper introduced and developed prototype equipment for strengthening cutting edge of rotary cutter and put forward a calculation method of total electric quantity consumption during the electrolysis suitable for microcontroller. The M8 high-speed steel tap is taken as a strengthening example. After finished the strengthening process that it clearly see the results of the surface of tap was obviously polished by observing the micrograph. This equipment improves the reliability of electrolytic strengthening and the cost is relatively cheap.

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