scholarly journals Effect of outlet temperature and total soluble solid in 2-stage spray dryer on black tea powder extract production

2021 ◽  
Vol 782 (3) ◽  
pp. 032087
Author(s):  
B C Krisetyadi ◽  
H Hermansyah
Keyword(s):  
Black Tea ◽  
Total Soluble Solid ◽  
Outlet Temperature ◽  
Spray Dryer ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Powder Extract

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN MINUMAN TEH HITAM DENGAN DAUN KELOR (MORINGA OLEIFERA L) SEBAGAI MINUMAN MENYEGARKAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yessy Friskilla ◽  
Rahmawati Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Total Soluble Solid ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Know How ◽  
Soluble Solid

Minuman teh merupakan minuman yang digemari hampir semua golongan umur karena selain memberikan efek menyegarkan juga mempunyai manfaat kesehatan. Saat ini pemanfaatan daun kelor sebagai produk makanan minuman karena manfaatnya yang baik untuk kesehatan sedang berkembang. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka dibuat pengembangan minuman teh hitam dengan daun kelor. Untuk mengetahui mutu teh hitam daun kelor, maka dibuat berbagai formulasi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh formulasi daun kelor dan teh hitam terhadap mutu teh yang dihasilkan. Formulasi  daun kelor dengan teh hitam, yaitu 75:25, 80:20, 85:15, 90:10, 95:5. Data dianalisis dengan analisis varian (ANAVA). Jika hasil uji ANAVA menunjukkan perbedaan nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan formulasi daun kelor dengan teh hitam berbeda nyata (α = 0,05) terhadap kekentalan, kadar karbohidrat, total padatan terlarut, kadar tanin, warna dan rasa secara organoleptik. Formulasi teh daun kelor teh hitam 85:15 paling disukai. Minuman  ini berwarna  coklat, beraroma agak langu, dan berasa agak sepat, dengan kekentalan 1,90 cP, kadar air 3,21%, abu 7,51%, lemak 1,12%, protein 8,68%, karbohidrat 8,02%, pH 7,18, total padatan terlarut 5,31% dan kadar tanin 3,89 ppm. Disarankan untuk membuat teh hitam daun kelor dalam bentuk teh celup sehingga penyajiannya menjadi lebih cepat, mudah dan praktis.Kata kunci : teh hitam, daun kelor, minuman menyegarkan AbstractTea is a favorite drink from children to adults because tea provides a refreshing effect and health benefits. Currently the utilization of Moringa leaves as a food or beverage product is growing because of its good benefits for health. Based on this, then made the development of black tea drinks with moringa leaves. To determine the quality of black tea with moringa leaves, then made various formulations products. The purpose of this research is to know how the effect of leaf and black tea formulation on the quality of tea produced. Moringa leaf formulation with black tea, which are 75:25, 80:20, 85:15, 90:10, 95: 5. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANAVA). If the ANAVA test results showed that there are significantly differences, then proceed with Duncan test. The results showed that moringa leaves with black tea formulation were significantly different (α = 0,05) to viscosity, carbohydrate, total soluble solid, tannin contents, color and taste organoleptically. The moringa leaves and black tea formulation 85:15 is most preferred. This drink is brown, slightly flavored and slightly bitter, with 1.90 cP thickness, 3.21% moisture, 7.51% ash, 1.12% fat, 8.68% protein, 8.02 carbohydrates % contents, pH 7.18, total dissolved solids 5,31% and tannin 3,89 ppm. It is advisable to make black tea moringa leaves in the form of tea bags. It will becomes faster, easier and practical when consumed.Keywords : black tea, moringa leaves, formulation 

scholarly journals PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN AIR KELAPA DAN PENAMBAHAN DAGING KELAPA MUDA SERTA LAMA PENYIMPANAN TERHADAP SERBUK MINUMAN KELAPA

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
RINDENGAN BARLINA ◽  
STEIVIE KAROUW ◽  
RONALD HUTAPEA ◽  
JUNIATI TOWAHA
Keyword(s):  
Coconut Water ◽  
Total Soluble Solid ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Spray Dryer ◽  
Spray Drier ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Total Plate Count ◽  
Coconut Kernel ◽  
Soluble Solid

ABSTRAK<br />Air kelapa dan daging kelapa muda memiliki rasa dan aroma khas,<br />namun kelezatannya tidak bisa dinikmati setiap saat oleh setiap orang,<br />karena umur simpan kelapa muda terbatas dan sulitnya distribusi. Salah<br />satu cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk memperpanjang masa simpan dan<br />mempermudah distribusi adalah melalui proses pengeringan, misalnya<br />dengan spray drier. Bahan pangan yang dikeringkan dengan spray drier<br />harus berupa suspensi dan hasil akhir bentuk serbuk. Penelitian dilakukan<br />dengan mengeringkan campuran air kelapa dan daging buah kelapa muda<br />dengan spray drier. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh<br />perbandingan antara air kelapa dan daging buah kelapa muda terhadap<br />mutu serbuk minuman kelapa selama penyimpanan. Penelitian disusun<br />secara faktorial dalam rancangan acak lengkap. Faktor A, kematangan air<br />kelapa : (A1) tua dan (A2) muda. Faktor B, penambahan daging kelapa<br />muda : (B1) 15%, (B2) 20% dan (B3) 25%. Faktor C, lama penyimpanan:<br />(C1) 0 bulan, (C2) 1 bulan, dan (C3) 2 bulan., (C4) 3 bulan dan (C5) 4<br />bulan. Ulangan 2 kali. Pengamatan terdiri dari : kalium, serat pangan,<br />warna, aroma dan rasa, total mikroba, pH, total padatan, total asam dan<br />kadar air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan total padatan Serbuk Minuman<br />Kelapa (SMK) berkisar 7,59-9,50%, pH 4,94-5,35 dan total asam 25,85-<br />43,90. Serat pangan 4,70-5,54%, kalium tertinggi pada air kelapa tua<br />dengan penambahan daging kelapa muda 20%, yaitu 1.328,58 mg/100 g.<br />Sedangkan kadar air 5,15- 7,84%. Warna 3,617-3,719 (biasa sampai suka);<br />aroma 3,000 – 3,960 (biasa sampai suka), dan rasa manis 2,500-3,640<br />(suka). Total mikroba SMK 3,72- 4,43 log CFU/g. Kematangan air kelapa<br />berpengaruh terhadap kadar serat pangan. Penambahan daging kelapa<br />muda berpengaruh terhadap kadar serat pangan dan warna. Lama<br />penyimpanan berpengaruh terhadap total padatan. Interaksi kematangan air<br />kelapa, penambahan daging kelapa muda dan lama penyimpanan ber-<br />pengaruh terhadap pH, total asam, aroma, rasa dan total mikroba.<br />Berdasarkan skor rasa, kadar air, kalium, serat pangan dan total mikroba,<br />maka SMK yang memiliki mutu baik dan berpotensi dikembangkan adalah<br />formula air kelapa tua dengan penambahan 20% daging kelapa muda.<br />Kata kunci : Kelapa, Cocos nucifera, pengolahan, serbuk minuman,<br />Sulawesi Utara<br />ABSTRACT<br />Effect of coconut water and young coconut kernel ratio<br />and storage duration to the quality of coconut water<br />concentrate<br />Coconut water and young coconut kernel have unique flavor and<br />odour. Since these products can not be kept longer and distribution<br />problem, so both of them are not available everywhere and anytime.<br />Drying method with spray dryer equipment is a method to extend the<br />product life product. Generally, spray dryer is used to make some food<br />products in powder form deriving from suspension. Raw materials used in<br />this experiment were coconut water from both of young and mature nut<br />and young coconut kernel. The mixture was dried with spray dryer. The<br />objective of this research was to find out the effect of coconut water and<br />young coconut kernel ratio to the quality of coconut water concentrate<br />during storage. The experiment was arranged in factorial using completely<br />randomized design with 2 replications. Factor A was maturity of coconut<br />water consist of (A1) young coconut water and (A2) mature coconut<br />water. Factor B was ratio of young coconut kernel and coconut water :<br />(B1) 15%, (B2) 20%, (B3) 25%. Factor C was : storage duration consist<br />of (C1) 0 month, (B2) 1 month, (B3) 2 months, (B4) 3 months and (B5) 4<br />months. The variables were observed as follow : kalium content, fiber<br />content, colour, flavor, odour, total plate count, acidity, total soluble solid,<br />total acid and water content. The results showed that coconut water<br />concentrate had 7.59-9.50% of total soluble solid, acidity (pH) 4.94-5.35<br />and total acid 25.85-43.90. By using 20% young coconut kernel in mature<br />coconut water obtained product with fiber content about 4.70-5.54% and<br />highest potassium content around 1,328.58 mg/100g. Score of organoleptic<br />test as follow : colur is 3.617-3.719 (neither like nor dislike), odour is<br />3.00-3.96 (neither like nor dislike to like) and flavor is sweet about 2.50-<br />3.96 (like). Total plate count of coconut water concentrate is about 3.72-<br />4.43 log CFU/g. Maturity of coconut water affected fiber content. Adding<br />young coconut kernel affected total soluble solid. Whereas interaction of<br />coconut water maturity, adding coconut kernel and storage duration<br />affected some variables like pH, total acid, odour, flavor and total plate<br />count. Based on the results of flavour, moisture content, potassium<br />content, fiber content and total plate count showed coconut water<br />concentrate had good quality. So it is potential to be developed. The best<br />formula is FORMULA E which was derived from mature coconut water<br />with 20% young coconut kernel.<br />Key words: Coconut, Cocos nucifera, processing, concentrate drink,<br />North Sulawes

Role of Phospholipase D Inhibitor in Regulating Expression of Senescencerelated Phospholipase D gene in Postharvest Longan Fruit

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 649-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Li ◽  
Jiemin Li ◽  
Jian Sun ◽  
Ping Yi ◽  
Changbao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phospholipase D ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Total Soluble Solid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Pericarp Browning

Background: Phospholipase D (PLD)is closely related to browning and senescence of postharvest longan fruit. Objective: This study investigated the effects of 2-butanol (a PLD inhibitor) on the expression and regulation of PLD during storage of longan fruit at a low temperature. Methods: Senescence-related quality indices showed that the 2-butanol-treated fruit presented lower pericarp browning index, pulp breakdown index and total soluble solid value than the untreated fruit. Results: The fruit treated by 60 µL/L 2-butanol exhibited the strongest inhibition on senescence, which significantly delayed changes in weight, titratable acidity content, total soluble solid content and ascorbic acid content. This treatment maintained a high level of total phenolic content and caused significant inhibition on pericarp browning and pulp breakdown. Through ELISA method, 60 µL/L 2-butanol treatment also reduced PLD activity. Real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) results showed that PLD mRNA expression level was inhibited by 60 µL/L 2-butanol within 15 days. Western-blotting results further confirmed the differential expression of PLD during storage, and a relatively higher expression for PLD protein was found in control compared to the 2-butanoltreated fruit during 15-d storage. Conclusion: These results provided a scientific basis and reference to further investigating postharvest longan quality maintenance by regulating the PLD gene expression.

scholarly journals Relationship between Fruit Total Soluble Solid Contents and Tree Nitrogen and Potassium Contents in ‘Shimizu-Hakuto’ Peach

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo Takano ◽  
Tsuyoshi Kimura ◽  
Shogo Yamamoto ◽  
Shinichi Moritsugu ◽  
Goro Okamoto
Keyword(s):  
Total Soluble Solid ◽  
Soluble Solid

scholarly journals Dilution Ratio and Pasteurization Effects on the Physico-chemical Characteristics of the Pulp of Saba senegalensis of Côte d'Ivoire

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yapi Elisée Kouakoua ◽  
Aïssatou Coulibaly ◽  
Kouadio Claver Degbeu ◽  
N’Guessan Georges Amani
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Total Soluble Solid ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Dilution Ratio ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Saba Senegalensis ◽  
Β Carotene

Aims: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of dilution ratio and pasteurization on physico-chemical parameters of Saba senegalensis pulp in the context of its recovery. Study Design: The experimental set-up was of a completely randomized design. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in the Department of Food Science and Technology, at the Laboratory of Food Biochemistry and Tropical Product Technology (BATPTL) of Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, between June and August 2019. Methodology: The pulp collected from the fruit was diluted according to the following pulp/water ratio (RPW; v/v): 1:0.5; 1:1 and 1:1.5 and pasteurized at 75°C at different times (5 min, 10 min and 15 min). The pH, titratable acidity (TA), Total soluble solid (TSS), vitamin C, β-carotene and the colour were determined on the different samples. Results: The results obtained during this study showed that all the physico-chemical parameters evaluated, except pH, are affected during dilution while during pasteurization only vitamin C and β-carotene are affected. During the respective dilutions, 50%, 62% and 66% of the vitamin C concentration decreased as well as 53%, 74% and 76% of β-carotene. It also led to a decrease in total soluble solid (TSS) of 32%, 50% and 59%. Following the pasteurization of each diluted pulp12%, 45% and 50% on average of the vitamin C are lost at the respective pasteurization time  (5 min, 10 min and 15 min respectively). For β-carotene the content decreases (50%) within the first 5 minutes and remains constant during the last 10 minutes of pasteurization. Conclusion: During Saba senegalensis fruit processing into nectar, dilution and pasteurization factors must be considered in order to ensure the physico-chemical quality of the beverage. The physico-chemical characteristics were more affected during dilution than in pasteurization.

scholarly journals Pendugaan Umur Simpan Jeruk Siam (Citrus nobilis var. microcarpa) Berdasarkan Kandungan Vitamin C Menggunakan Persamaan Arrhenius

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1077-1086
Author(s):  
Niken Wahyuningsih ◽  
Ratna Ratna ◽  
Zulfahrizal Zulfahrizal
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Arrhenius Equation ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Total Soluble Solid ◽  
Organoleptic Test ◽  
Soluble Solid

Abstrak.Menganalisis mutu selama penyimpanan dapat dilakukan dengan mengendalikan kondisi penyimpanan tertentu serta menduga laju penurunan mutu yang terjadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menduga umur simpan jeruk siam berdasarkan laju penurunan vitamin C selama penyimpanan menggunakan persamaan Arrhenius. Jeruk siam segar disimpan dengan variasi suhu yaitu suhu 10⁰C, 15⁰C, dan 28⁰C. Analisis dilakukan 3 hari sekali hingga panelis menolak dengan parameter susut bobot, tingkat kekerasan, total padatan terlarut (TPT), vitamin C, dan uji organoleptik yaitu warna, aroma, tekstur, rasa, dan penerimaan keseluruhan. Hasil penelitian diperoleh persentase susut bobot pada suhu 10⁰C dan suhu 15⁰C yaitu 11,57 % pada penyimpanan hari ke- 12. Tingkat kekerasan tertinggi pada suhu penyimpanan 10 ⁰C yaitu 2,09 Kg/cm2. Suhu 15 ⁰C mengalami kenaikan total padatan terlarut paling tinggi hingga 9,70% brix. Uji organoleptik penyimpanan terbaik pada suhu 15 ⁰C dengan lama penyimpanan hingga hari ke- 12, warna, tekstur, aroma, rasa dan penerimaan keseluruhan skornya yaitu 4,28, 4,05, 3,76, 4,50 dan 4,10. Umur simpan jeruk siam pada suhu 10⁰C umur simpannya 15 hari, suhu penyimpanan 15⁰C umur simpannya 14 hari, Suhu  28⁰C umur simpannya 13 hari. Penelitian ini didapatkan model pendugaan laju penurunan mutu jeruk siam selama penyimpanan yaitu k = 30.01808 e-777.54(1/T). Abstract. Analyzing the quality during storage could be done by controlling the storage as well as suspecting the rate of decrease the quality. This research aim to presume the life of siamese orange based on the rate of vitamin C decrease during the storage by using Arrhenius equation. The fresh siamese oranges with variety of storage temperature were 10 0C, 15 0C, and 28  0C. Analysis done in 3 days until the panelist refected to the shrinkage of weight, the level of solid, total soluble solid (TSS), Vitanin C, and organoleptic test such as colour, aroma, texture, taste, acceptance in a whole. From the result it is obtained the percentage of shrinkage weigh of temperature at 10 0C and at 15 0C  was 11,57 % in the storage of day 12. The highest level of solid was on temperature at 10 0C was 2,09 kg/cm2. On the temperature 15 0C it has the total soluble solid up to 9,70b% brix. The best organoleptic test storage was on temperature 15 0C with in 12 days of storage, the highest colour, aroma, texture, taste, and acceptance in a whole score was 4,28, 4,05, 3,76, 4,50 and 4,10. The siamese orange life storage on temperature 10 0C could be storage for 15 days, on temperature 15 0C could be storage for 14 days, on temperature 28 0C could be storage for 13 days. The reseach found out that the persume of decreasing the quality of siamese orange duringstorage was k = 30.01808 e-777.54(1/T).

scholarly journals PENGARUH PUPUK KCl DAN KNO3 TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN MELON HIBRIDA (Cucumis melo L.)

HORTUSCOLER ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Desti Kamaratih ◽  
Ritawati Ritawati
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Total Soluble Solid ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Cucumis Melo L

Melon (Cucumis melo L.) adalah tanaman semusim yang tumbuh merambat. Buah melon memiliki kandungan gizi diantaranya kalori, vitamin A dan C. Melon yang banyak diminati oleh masyarakat Indonesia sangat ditentukan oleh penampilan dan kualitas rasa yang dikandungnya. Buah melon pada saat ini mengalami penurunan kadar kemanisansalah satunya disebabkan penggunaan pupuk NPK. Pupuk NPK mengandung unsur kalium yang tergolong rendah yaitu sekitar 16 %, sedangkan unsur kalium sangat dibutuhkan untuk meningkatkan rasa manis pada buah. Pemberian unsur kalium dapat dilakukan dengan penggunaan pupuk KCl dan KNO3.Tujuan dari percobaan ini adalah mengetahui pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman melon hibrida terbaik dari penggunaan pupuk pupuk KCl dan KNO3dan mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan pupuk KCl dan KNO3 terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman melon hibrida. Percobaan ini dilakukan mulai tanggal 18 Februari - 10 Mei 2019. Tempat pelaksanaan percobaan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika, Solok. Perlakuan yang digunakan pada percobaan ini adalah pupuk KCl 50 gr dan pupuk KNO3 50 gr. Hasil yang didapat dari percobaan ini adalah pertumbuhanvegetatifdan pertumbuhan generatif terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan pupuk KNO3.Rata-rata lebar daun pada perlakuan pupuk KNO3 adalah 21,9 cm, panjang ruas ke 7 adalah 10,1 cm, diameter batang adalah 11,2 mm, berat buah melon adalah 0,86 kg, lingkar  buah melon adalah 36,75 cm, tebal daging buah adalah 3,15 cm, dan total soluble solid (ºbrix) adalah 14,00 ºbrix. Kesimpulan dari percobaan ini adalah penggunaan pupuk KNO3 lebih baik dibandingkan dengan penggunaan pupuk KCl. Penggunaan pupuk KNO3 berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif tanaman melon hibrida.

scholarly journals Modelling the rheological behaviour of enzyme clarified  lime (Citrus aurantifolia L.) juice concentrate

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 456-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Manjunatha ◽  
P.S. Raju ◽  
A.S. Bawa
Keyword(s):  
Water Activity ◽  
Rheological Behaviour ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Total Soluble Solid ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Lime Juice ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Solids Content

The rheological behaviour of enzyme clarified Lime (Citrus aurontifolia L.) juice was studied as a function of the total soluble solid (TSS) content (7.3&ndash;55.7&deg;Brix), corresponding water activity (a<sub>w</sub>) (0.985&ndash;0.831) at different temperatures (20&ndash;80<sup>o</sup>C) using co-axial controlled stress rheometer. The rheological parameter shear stress was measured up to the shear rate of 600 s<sup>&ndash;1</sup>. The investigation showed that the enzyme clarified lime juice and its concentrate behaved like a Newtonian fluid with the viscosity (&eta;) being in the range 3.964 to 50.290 mPa s depending upon the concentration and temperature used. The temperature dependency on the viscosity of lime juice was described by Arrhenius equation (r &gt; 0.99) and the activation energy (E<sub>a</sub>) of viscous flow was in the range 4.151 to 26.050 kJ/mol depending upon the total soluble solids content. The effect of total soluble solid content on the flow activation energy was described by exponential type equation (r &gt; 0.98) and that of water activity was described by both the power law and exponential equations (r &gt; 0.99). The effect of total soluble solid content on the viscosity of lime juice followed the second order exponential equation (r &gt; 0.99) at the temperature used. The effect of water activity on the viscosity was described by both the power law and exponential type relationship (r &gt; 0.97). The equations relating to the combined effect of temperature and total soluble solids content/water activity on the viscosity of enzyme clarified lime juice were established. &nbsp;

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