scholarly journals The Multi-Risk Analysis of Various Disasters in Karanganyar Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 884 (1) ◽  
pp. 012023
Author(s):  
R Noviani ◽  
P Wijayanti ◽  
C Muryani ◽  
Ahmad ◽  
Sarwono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Matrix Multiplication ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Central Java

Abstract Karanganyar Regency is one of the districts in Central Java which prone of the natural disasters. Based on data Posdes 2018, it is known that the types of disasters that often occurred in Karanganyar Regency during the last three years, from 2015 to 2017 were landslides, floods, and drought. Therefore, it is important to know the multi-risk level of the three types of disasters. The method used in this research is scoring and weighting, as well as overlay between constituent parameters. Based on the results of research using the VCA matrix multiplication method, it is known that the high risk level covers 3,589.67 Ha or 4.46% areas that spread in 15 districts (except Jatipuro and Jumapolo); moderate risk level covers 34,624.94 Ha or 43.04% areas that spread in 16 districts (except Tasikmadu); The low risk level covers 42,254.98 Ha or 52.53% areas that spread in 7 districts (Colomadu, Gondangrejo, Tasikmadu, Matesih, Tawangmangu, Jumapolo, Jatiyoso).

scholarly journals Analisa Risiko Keselamatan Dan Kesehatan Kerja Menggunakan Metode HAZOPs Di Area Gas Cleaning System Di PT. RK

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Muhamad Bob Anthony
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Gas Cleaning ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Hazard Risk ◽  
Cleaning System ◽  
Extreme Risk

PT. RK is one of the major international steel producing companies. This study aims to determine the potential hazards and the value of the level of risk that is likely to occur in the new plant owned by PT. RK i.e. the gas cleaning system area which is currently in the process of entering 95% progress. This study uses the Hazard & Operability Study (HAZOPs) method in analyzing risks in the gas cleaning system area of PT. RK. The Hazard & Operability Study (HAZOPs) method was used in this study because this method is very suitable for a new plant to be used. Based on the identification of potential hazards and risk analysis that has been done in the area of gas cleaning system using the HAZOPs method, it was found that 11 deviations that might occur from all existing nodes, i.e. for extreme risk levels of 1 (one) deviation or 9%, level high risk of 2 (two) deviations or 18%, moderate risk level of 6 (six) deviations or 55% and low risk level of 2 (two) deviations or 18%.Keyword : Gas Cleaning System, HAZOPs, Potential of Hazard, Risk Levels PT. RK merupakan salah satu perusahaan manufaktur besar penghasil baja berskala internasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi bahaya dan nilai level risiko yang kemungkinan terjadi di plant baru milik PT. RK yaitu area gas cleaning system yang saat ini proses pekerjaannya sudah memasuki progress 95%. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Hazard & Operability Study (HAZOPs) dalam menganalisa risiko di area gas cleaning system  PT. RK.  Metode Hazard & Operability Study (HAZOPs) digunakan dalam penelitian ini dikarenakan metode ini sangat cocok untuk sebuah plant baru yang akan digunakan. Berdasarkan identifikasi potensi bahaya dan analisa risiko yang telah dilakukan di area gas cleaning system dengan menggunakan metode HAZOPs, didapatkan bahwa 11 penyimpangan yang kemungkinan terjadi dari semua node yang ada yaitu untuk level risiko extreme sebanyak 1 (satu) penyimpangan atau sebesar 9%, level risiko high risk sebanyak 2 (dua) penyimpangan atau sebesar 18%, level risiko moderate sebanyak 6 (enam) penyimpangan atau sebesar 55% dan level risiko low risk sebanyak 2 (dua) penyimpangan atau sebesar 18%.Kata Kunci: Gas Cleaning System, HAZOPs, Level Risiko, Potensi Bahaya

scholarly journals Multi-Disaster Risk Analysis of Klaten Regency, Central Java, Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Candra Dian Lukita Tauhid ◽  
Teuku Faisal Fathani ◽  
Djoko Legono
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Risk Map ◽  
Earthquake Disaster ◽  
Central Java

Klaten Regency is located in Central Java Province, Indonesia, ranked as 19th most susceptible area in Indonesia. Among of many disasters those take place in Klaten are floods, landslides, and earthquake, which cause damages and loss of lives. Unfortunately, some areas in Klaten Regency are also very vulnerable to the disasters that often contribute severe damage and loss. This paper presents result of risk analysis due to floods, landslides and earthquake disaster at Klaten Regency. Several parameters or criteria are utilized to describe the level of the disaster intensities. The flood susceptibility parameters are the Topographic Wet Index (TWI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), permeability and roughness, as proposed by Kafira, et al. (2015). The landslide susceptibility are the geology, slope, elevation, distance from fault, distance from rivers, rainfall and land use, as suggested by Thearith (2009) whereas the earthquake susceptibility was referred to FEMA P-154 by using the Ss and S1. The vulnerability and risk analysis are carried out by referring to the parameters as stipulated by the Chief Regulation of the National Board of Disaster Management No.2 Year 2012 (Perka Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana- BNPB), concerning the parameters being used for the vulnerability analysis, i.e. population density, poverty ratio, land use, and level of Gross Regional Domestic Product. Further spatial analysis of the risk performs the multi-disaster risk map as a combination between the floods, landslides and earthquake disaster risk in Klaten Regency. The established multi-disaster risk map shows the risk level in the Klaten Regency, i.e., 16.31% at very low risk, 33.01% at low risk, 34.49% at medium risk, at 14.22% high risk and 1.97% at very high risk.

Comparison of fall risk assessment scales in the triage of an Italian emergency department

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Piras ◽  
G Murenu ◽  
G Piras ◽  
G Pia ◽  
A Azara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Fall Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Levels

Abstract Background Falls in hospital are adverse events with serious consequences for the patient. Fall risk assessment requires easy tools that are suitable for the specific clinical context. This is important to quickly identify preventing measures. The aim of the study is to identify an appropriate scale for assessing fall risk in patients from an emergency department. Methods For the fall risk assessment in the emergency department, three scales were identified in literature: Kinder 1, MEDFRAT, and Morse. MEDFRAT and Morse classify the patient in high, moderate, and low risk; Kinder 1 split patients “at risk” (also when there is only one positive item) and “non-risk” (in which all items are negative). The study was carried out in July 2019 in an Italian emergency department. Patients who arrived in triage were assessed for the fall risk using the three scales. Results On a sample of 318 patients, the used scales show different levels of fall risk. For Kinder 1, 83.02% is at risk and 16.98% is not at risk; for MEDFRAT, 14.78% is at high risk, 15.09% moderate, and 70.13% low risk; for Morse, 8.81% is at high risk, 35.53% moderate, and 56.66% low risk. As Kinder 1 implies as “high risk” that all items of the questionnaire are positive, to compare Kinder 1 to the other scales with three measurements, we assumed only one positive response as “moderate risk”, all negative responses as “low risk”. Thus, Kinder 1 shows no cases at high risk, 83.02% moderate risk, and 16.98% low risk. All the scales show that the moderate-high risk increases with age. MEDFRAT and Morse have concordant percentages for young (13.6%), elderly (61.2%), and long-lived (66.6%) people. Kinder 1, 59%, 96.7%, and 100%, respectively. Conclusions The comparison between scales shows inhomogeneity in identifying the level of risk. MEDFRAT and Morse appear more reliable and consistent. Key messages An appropriate assessment scale is important to identify the fall risk level. Identifying accurate fall risk levels allows for implementing specific prevention actions.

scholarly journals Tingkat Risiko Kejadian Kardiovaskular pada Penyandang Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Fiska Nur Aini ◽  
Anggi Lukman Wicaksana ◽  
Heny Suseani Pangastuti
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Cardiovascular Event ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

ABSTRAKIndividu dengan diabetes melitus tipe 2 memiliki risiko dua hingga tiga kali lipat terjadinya risiko kejadian kardiovaskular, yaitu serangan jantung atau stroke. Organisasi kesehatan dunia dan masyarakat international hipertensi mengembangkan alat untuk memprediksi tingkat risiko kejadian kardiovaskular dalam kurun waktu sepuluh tahun yang akan datang. Tujuan: Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkatan risiko kardiovaskular pada penyandang diabetes tipe 2 dalam sepuluh tahun mendatang di Yogyakarta. Metode: Penelitian cross-sectional dilakukan di Puskesmas Depok, Yogyakarta dengan menggunakan teknik proportional sampling pada tiga Puskesmas Depok. Responden penelitian yaitu pasien terdiagnosis diabetes tipe 2, berusia 40-79 tahun, dan tidak memiliki komplikasi atau penyakit lain. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu WHO/ISH risk prediction charts wilayah Indonesia (SEAR B) untuk menilai tingkatan risiko kejadian kardiovaskular. Data diklasifikasikan berdasarkan tingkat risiko kejadian kardiovaskuler yang dimiliki. Data dianalisis secara univariat. Hasil: Sejumlah 66 responden terlibat dengan mayoritas responden adalah perempuan, tidak bekerja, menikah dan rerata usia 61,02 ± 8,86. Tingkat risiko kejadian kardiovaskular penyandang diabetes tipe 2 di Puskesmas Depok, Yogyakarta dalam kurun waktu sepuluh tahun mendatang yaitu risiko rendah 56,1%; risiko sedang 30,3%; risiko tinggi 9,1%; dan risiko sangat tinggi 4,5%. Lebih dari separuh responden memiliki risiko rendah (<10%) terkena serangan jantung atau stroke dalam waktu sepuluh tahun mendatang. Selain itu, satu dari tiga responden memiliki risiko sedang (10-20%) terjadi serangan jantung atau stroke. Kesimpulan: Separuh dari responden penyandang diabetes memiliki risiko non-fatal kejadian kardiovaskular.Kata Kunci: diabetes tipe 2, penyakit kardiovaskular, insidenRisk Level of Cardiovascular Event Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ABSTRACTIndividuals with type 2 diabetes have two to three times risk of cardiovascular event, as heart and stroke attack. World Health Organization and International Society of Hypertension had developed a prediction method of the risk level of cardiovascular event for the following ten years. Objective: This study aimed to identify the risk level of cardiovascular event over the next ten years on people with type 2 diabetes in Yogyakarta. Method: The study used a cross-sectional design in three Public Health Centers Depok, Yogyakarta using proportional sampling technique. The respondents were patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, age of 40-79 years, and no comorbidity. The WHO/ISH risk prediction charts for diabetes population in Indonesian (SEAR B) was used to assess the risk level of cardiovascular event. Data was analyzed with univariae analysis. Results: A total of 66 respondents were recruited after reviewing eligibility criteria. The majority of the respondents were women, unemployed, married, and the average age was 61.02 ± 8.86. The risk levels of cardiovascular event among participants in the next ten years were gradually low risk (56.1%); moderate risk (30.3%); high risk (9.1%); and very high risk (4.5%). More than a half of participants had low risk or less than 10% for being cardiovascular event in the following ten years. Furthermore, one third of participants had moderate risk or 10-20% developing cardiac arrest or stroke attack. Conclusion: A half of diabetes participants had non-fatal risk of cardiovascular event.Keywords: type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, incidence

scholarly journals Analisis Risiko Bencana Kebakaran di Kecamatan Tambora Kota Administrasi Jakarta Barat

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-174
Author(s):  
Nuniek Sutanti ◽  
Boedi Tjahjono ◽  
Lailan Syaufina
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Multi Criteria Evaluation ◽  
Fire Disaster ◽  
Disaster Risk Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Tambora sub-district is a sub-district that has the smallest area in West Jakarta with the largest population, causing Tambora sub-district to be a densely populated area. Population density which is not matched by the carrying capacity of the environment causes a region to become slum and prone to fire disasters. This study aims to analyze the level of risk of fire disasters in Tambora Subdistrict, West Jakarta. The methodology used in this study were the Multi Criteria Evaluation (MCE) analysis and fire disaster risk analysis by considering the relationship between the hazard and vulnerability variables. The results of the fire disaster risk analysis showed that the most dominant level of fire risk was a moderate risk level of 65.7%, a high risk level of 27.8% and the smallest was a low risk level of 6.5%. Viewed from the size of the area included in the medium and high risk of fire, indicating that Tambora Subdistrict is a subdistrict prone to fire and has a large potential loss of both property and life.

scholarly journals Proposal for the use of echocardiography in bloodstream infections due to different streptococcal species

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Chamat-Hedemand ◽  
Niels Eske Bruun ◽  
Lauge Østergaard ◽  
Magnus Arpi ◽  
Emil Fosbøl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Positive Blood Culture ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Streptococcal Species ◽  
Very High

Abstract Background Infective endocarditis (IE) is diagnosed in 7–8% of streptococcal bloodstream infections (BSIs), yet it is unclear when to perform transthoracic (TTE) and transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) according to different streptococcal species. The aim of this sub-study was to propose a flowchart for the use of echocardiography in streptococcal BSIs. Methods In a population-based setup, we investigated all patients admitted with streptococcal BSIs and crosslinked data with nationwide registries to identify comorbidities and concomitant hospitalization with IE. Streptococcal species were divided in four groups based on the crude risk of being diagnosed with IE (low-risk < 3%, moderate-risk 3–10%, high-risk 10–30% and very high-risk > 30%). Based on number of positive blood culture (BC) bottles and IE risk factors (prosthetic valve, previous IE, native valve disease, and cardiac device), we further stratified cases according to probability of concomitant IE diagnosis to create a flowchart suggesting TTE plus TOE (IE > 10%), TTE (IE 3–10%), or “wait & see” (IE < 3%). Results We included 6393 cases with streptococcal BSIs (mean age 68.1 years [SD 16.2], 52.8% men). BSIs with low-risk streptococci (S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, S. intermedius) are not initially recommended echocardiography, unless they have ≥3 positive BC bottles and an IE risk factor. Moderate-risk streptococci (S. agalactiae, S. anginosus, S. constellatus, S. dysgalactiae, S. salivarius, S. thermophilus) are guided to “wait & see” strategy if they neither have a risk factor nor ≥3 positive BC bottles, while a TTE is recommended if they have either ≥3 positive BC bottles or a risk factor. Further, a TTE and TOE are recommended if they present with both. High-risk streptococci (S. mitis/oralis, S. parasanguinis, G. adiacens) are directed to a TTE if they neither have a risk factor nor ≥3 positive BC bottles, but to TTE and TOE if they have either ≥3 positive BC bottles or a risk factor. Very high-risk streptococci (S. gordonii, S. gallolyticus, S. mutans, S. sanguinis) are guided directly to TTE and TOE due to a high baseline IE prevalence. Conclusion In addition to the clinical picture, this flowchart based on streptococcal species, number of positive blood culture bottles, and risk factors, can help guide the use of echocardiography in streptococcal bloodstream infections. Since echocardiography results are not available the findings should be confirmed prospectively with the use of systematic echocardiography.

scholarly journals Infiltration and sealing for managing non-cavitated proximal lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Chen ◽  
Dongru Chen ◽  
Huancai Lin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Caries Risk ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Caries Lesions

Abstract Background Infiltration and sealing are micro-invasive treatments for arresting proximal non-cavitated caries lesions; however, their efficacies under different conditions remain unknown. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the caries-arresting effectiveness of infiltration and sealing and to further analyse their efficacies across different dentition types and caries risk levels. Methods Six electronic databases were searched for published literature, and references were manually searched. Split-mouth randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to compare the effectiveness between infiltration/sealing and non-invasive treatments in proximal lesions were included. The primary outcome was obtained from radiographical readings. Results In total, 1033 citations were identified, and 17 RCTs (22 articles) were included. Infiltration and sealing reduced the odds of lesion progression (infiltration vs. non-invasive: OR = 0.21, 95% CI 0.15–0.30; sealing vs. placebo: OR = 0.27, 95% CI 0.18–0.42). For both the primary and permanent dentitions, infiltration and sealing were more effective than non-invasive treatments (primary dentition: OR = 0.30, 95% CI 0.20–0.45; permanent dentition: OR = 0.20, 95% CI 0.14–0.28). The overall effects of infiltration and sealing were significantly different from the control effects based on different caries risk levels (OR = 0.20, 95% CI 0.14–0.28). Except for caries risk at moderate levels (moderate risk: OR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.01–8.27), there were significant differences between micro-invasive and non-invasive treatments (low risk: OR = 0.24, 95% CI 0.08–0.72; low to moderate risk: OR = 0.38, 95% CI 0.18–0.81; moderate to high risk: OR = 0.17, 95% CI 0.10–0.29; and high risk: OR = 0.14, 95% CI 0.07–0.28). Except for caries risk at moderate levels (moderate risk: OR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.01–8.27), infiltration was superior (low risk: OR = 0.24, 95% CI 0.08–0.72; low to moderate risk: OR = 0.38, 95% CI 0.18–0.81; moderate to high risk: OR = 0.20, 95% CI 0.10–0.39; and high risk: OR = 0.14, 95% CI 0.05–0.37). Conclusion Infiltration and sealing were more efficacious than non-invasive treatments for halting non-cavitated proximal lesions.

scholarly journals RISK ANALYSIS OF COCONUT PRODUCT MARKETING

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 138-148
Author(s):  
Ine Fausayana ◽  
Weka Gusmiarty Abdullah ◽  
La Ode Dawid
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Shell Waste ◽  
Medium Risk ◽  
Product Marketing ◽  
Coconut Product

The aim of this study was to analysis the risks of coconut products marketing in Kendari City. The results of this study described risk identification in three stage of marketing of coconut product, namely (a) Five risks identified at the stage of storaging; broken coconut fruit, unsold product, fire market, theft of coconut fruits, and market regulation; (b) Three risks identified at the stage of processing; broken coconut, coconut shell waste, and damage to processing facilities; and (c) Four risks identified at the stage of selling; unsold product, non-strategic selling locations, substitute goods, and competitors. Overall, the risk on coconut products marketing was mapped at low risk. High risk was more prevalent in the stage of processing, which was caused by the risk of coconut shell waste. While medium risk was more prevalent in the stage of storaging.

scholarly journals Assessment of risk of developing diabetes using Indian diabetes risk score in the urban field practice area of Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Nazia N. Shaik ◽  
Swapna M. Jaswanth ◽  
Shashikala Manjunatha
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Field Practice ◽  
Diabetes Risk Score

Background: Diabetes is one of the largest global health emergencies of the 21st century. As per International Federation of Diabetes some 425 million people worldwide are estimated to have diabetes. The prevalence is higher in urban versus rural (10.2% vs 6.9%). India had 72.9 million people living with diabetes of which, 57.9% remained undiagnosed as per the 2017 data. The objectives of the present study were to identify subjects who at risk of developing Diabetes by using Indian diabetes risk score (IDRS) in the Urban field practice area of Rajarajeswari Medical College and Hospital (RRMCH).Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted using a Standard questionnaire of IDRS on 150 individuals aged ≥20 years residing in the Urban field practice area of RRMCH. The subjects with score <30, 30-50, >or =60 were categorized as having low risk, moderate risk and high risk for developing diabetes type-2 respectively.Results: Out of total 150 participants, 36 (24%) were in high-risk category (IDRS≥60), the majority of participants 61 (41%) were in the moderate-risk category (IDRS 30–50) and 53 (35%) participants were found to be at low-risk (<30) for diabetes. Statistical significant asssociation was found between IDRS and gender, literacy status, body mass index (p<0.0000l).Conclusions: It is essential to implement IDRS which is a simple tool for identifying subjects who are at risk for developing diabetes so that proper intervention can be carried out at the earliest to reduce the burden of diabetes.

Abstract TP387: Abcd 2 Score Predicts The Long-term Risk Of Stroke After Transient Ischemic Attack: Fukuoka Stroke Registry

Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Kumai ◽  
Takuya Kiyohara ◽  
Masahiro Kamouchi ◽  
Sohei Yoshimura ◽  
Hiroshi Sugimori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Transient Ischemic Attack ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Stroke Registry ◽  
Ischemic Attack

Background and Purpose— ABCD 2 score has been developed to predict the early risk of stroke after transient ischemic attack (TIA). The aim of this study was to clarify whether ABCD 2 score predicts the occurrence of stroke in the long term after TIA. Methods— Fukuoka Stroke Registry (FSR) is a multicenter epidemiological study database on acute stoke. From June 2007 to June 2011, 496 (305 males, 70 ± 13 years of age) patients who had suffered from TIA and were hospitalized in the 7 stroke centers within 7 days after the onset of TIA were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into three groups according to the risk: low-risk (ABCD 2 score 0-3; n=72), moderate-risk (4-5; n=229) and high-risk group (6-7; n=195). They were followed up prospectively for up to 3 years. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to elucidate whether ABCD 2 score was a predictor for stroke after TIA after adjusting for confounding factors. Results— Among three groups, there were significant differences in age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and the decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate (P<0.01, significantly). During a mean follow-up of 1.3 years, Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that the stroke rate in TIA patients was significantly lower in low-risk group than in moderate-risk or high-risk group (log rank test, p<0.001). The adjusted hazard ratios for stroke in patients with TIA increased with moderate-risk group (Hazard ratio [HR]: 3.47, 95% CI: 1.03-21.66, P<0.05) and high-risk group (HR: 4.46, 95% CI: 1.31-27.85, P<0.05), compared to low-risk group. Conclusions— The ABCD 2 score is able to predict the long-term risk of stroke after TIA.

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