scholarly journals Evaluation of potential and local forages nutrition as ruminant feed-in Payo Agro-Tourism Area, Solok City, West Sumatera, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 888 (1) ◽  
pp. 012055
Author(s):  
Adrizal ◽  
Roni Pazla ◽  
Riesi Sriagtula ◽  
Adrinal ◽  
Gusmini

Abstract This study aims to evaluate local forage’s potential and nutritional content in the Payo agro-tourism area of Solok, West Sumatra, Indonesia, to be used as a ruminant feed. This study used a survey method by taking a sample of the forage that grows a lot in the area and then analyzed its nutritional content. The nutritional content analyzed were dry matter, ash, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, calcium, and phosphorus minerals. At the same time, the TDN value and the extracted material without nitrogen were calculated based on the formula. The results showed that 12 types of forage have the potential as ruminant feed, namely Panicum maximum, Tithonia diversifolia, Gliricidia sepium, Digitaria sp, Centrocema pubescens, Calliandra calothyrsus, Stachytarpheta jamaicensis, Bidens pilosa, Ipomea triloba, Micania Scandens, Asystasia gangetica, and corn straw. This study shows that Calliandra calothyrsus has the highest crude protein content, and Corn straw contains the lowest crude protein. The highest and lowest TDN values were Gliricidia sepium and Panicum maximum, respectively. Through the linear programming program, these 12 plants can be formulated into 4 ration formulations with 58% TDN and 15-16% crude protein.

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewi Febrina ◽  
Nadia Khairunnisa ◽  
Rahmi Febriyanti

ABSTRAK. Jerami jagung berpotensi sebagai pakan ruminansia, tapi terkendala tingginya kandungan lignin dan rendahnya protein kasar serta kecernaan. Pengolahan jerami jagung secara biologi, kimia dan kombinasi biologi-kimia dengan lama pemeraman berbeda diharapkan dapat memperbaiki kualitas fisik, meningkatkan kandungan protein kasar dan menurunkan kandungan lignin. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kandungan nutrisi dan kualitas fisik jerami jagung dengan metode pengolahan dan lama pemeraman berbeda. Parameter yang diukur yaitu: kualitas fisik (pH, aroma, tekstur, warna, keberadaan jamur) serta kandungan nutrisi (protein kasar, serat kasar, NDF, ADF, selulosa, hemiselulosa dan lignin). Percobaan ini disusun dalam rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial 3 x 3. Perlakuan terdiri atas dua faktor, (A) metode pengolahan, yaitu A1: pengolahan biologi (10% feses ayam); A2: pengolahan kimia (5% urea); A3: kombinasi pengolahan secara biologi dan kimia (10% feses ayam + 5% urea). (B) lama pemeraman, yaitu B1: 0 hari (tanpa pemeraman); B2: 14 hari; B3: 28 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan metode pengolahan berbeda berpengaruh sangat nyata (P0,01) terhadap pH, aroma, keberadaan jamur, kandungan hemiselulosa, ADF, NDF, serat kasar dan protein kasar. Lama pemeraman berpengaruh sangat nyata (P0,01) terhadap pH, aroma, tekstur, keberadaan jamur, serta kandungan nutrisi (lignin, hemiselulosa, selulosa, ADF, NDF, protein kasar dan serat kasar). Interaksi antara lama pemeraman dengan metode pengolahan juga berpengaruh sangat nyata (P0,01) terhadap pH, keberadaan jamur, kandungan hemiselulosa, NDF, ADF dan serat kasar jerami jagung. Kombinasi pengolahan secara biologi dan kimia (10% feses ayam dan 5% urea) pada jerami jagung dengan lama pemeraman 28 hari menunjukkan hasil yang optimal dengan kandungan serat kasar 9,93%; NDF 61,27% dan ADF 46,95% untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai pakan ruminansia. (The effect of fermentation length and pretreatment method on physical quality and nutritional content of corn straw) ABSTRACT. Corn straw can be used as ruminant feed, but is constrained by its high lignin and low crude protein content and digestibility. Biological, chemical and biological-chemical pretreatments with different fermentation length are expected to improve physical quality, increase crude protein content and reduce lignin content. The aims of research was to determine the physical quality and nutritional content of corn straw with different pretreatment methods and fermentation lengths. The parameters measured were physical quality (pH, aroma, texture, color, presence of mold) and nutrient content (lignin, hemicellulose, cellulose, ADF, NDF, crude fiber and crude protein). The experiment was conducted with a completely randomized design, with 3x3 factorial arrangement of treatments. Factor A: pretreatment methods, i. e. A1: biological pretreatment (10% poultry manure); A2: chemical pretreatment (5% urea); A3: biological- chemical pretreatment (10% poultry manure + 5% urea). Factor B: fermentation lengths, i. e. B1: 0 d (without fermentation); B2: 14 d; B3: 28 d. The results showed that different pretreatment methods had significant effect (P0.01) on pH, aroma, the presence of mold, crude protein, crude fiber, NDF, ADF and hemicellulose contents. Fermentation lengths had significant effect (P0.01) on pH, aroma, texture, the presence of mold, and nutritional content of corn straw (crude protein, crude fiber, NDF, ADF, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin). The interaction between fermentation length and the pretreatment method also had significant effect (P0.01) on pH, the presence of mold, crude fiber, NDF, ADF and hemicellulose contents. Biological-chemical pretreatment (addition of 10% poultry manure and 5% urea) on corn straw with 28 days fermentation showed optimal results, because of its lowest crude fiber content (9.93%); NDF (61.27%) and ADF (46.95%) that can be used as ruminant feed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-221
Author(s):  
Ervinta Ervinta ◽  
Hasnudi ◽  
R. Edhy Mirwandhono ◽  
N Ginting ◽  
B Simanullang

Novelty statement: This study reveals that fermented agricultural and plantation waste by using different doses of eco enzyme turned out to have a good effect on the quality of the waste. The procedures and parameters standardised in this research can be used for production of ruminant feed.                Abstract: The low nutrient content of agricultural waste is an obstacle to use as feed. The addition of eco enzyme as biological activators can help the fermentation process. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of three doses of eco enzyme as a starter fermentation of rice straw, corn straw, and palm fronds on changes in the nutritional content of 21 days fermentation. This study used a completely randomized design method with two factorial (three treatments and three replications). Factor D: Doses (D1 = 1%; D2 = 3%; D3 = 5%) and factor L: Forage (L1 = rice straw; L2 = corn straw; L3 = oil palm fronds). The parameters studied were moisture content (MC), dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF). The results of this research showed that addition of eco enzyme dose of 5% on L1, 3% on L2 and 3% L3 can increased water content and crude protein, and reduce levels of dry matter and crude fiber of forage compared without fermentation.


2014 ◽  
pp. 179-190
Author(s):  
Lolito Bestil ◽  
Angelo Francis Atole ◽  
Jandells Rama

This study assessed the chemical composition and degradation of in situ predominant feed resources for ruminants in the marginal uplands of Inopacan,Leyte, Philippines. These feed resources included basal grasses such as guinea (Panicum maximum), humidicola (Brachiaria humidicola), and carabao grass (Axonopus compressus); supplemental legumes such as calopo (Calopogonium muconoides), madre de cacao (Gliricidia sepium) and centro (Centrocema pubescens); foliages of trees/shrubs such as jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophylum Lamk) and abgaw (Premna odorata); and concentrates such as rice bran (D2) and squeezed grated coconut. Chemical analyses followed standard procedures, while trial was done by in situ incubating the feed samples in rumen-cannulated steer fed 70% basal/grass and 30% of the supplements. Crude protein (CP) contents were 15.83 to 18.23% in legumes,10.17 to 11.91% in tree foliages, 5.16 to 8.51% in grasses, and 4.84 to 6.08% in concentrates on as-fed basis. Gross energy (GE) contents were high–5097kcal/kg in grated coconut (highest) and 2931 kcal/kg in humidicola grass (lowest). Calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) contents were low, ranging from 0.004 to 0.189% Ca and 0.026 to 0.037% P. Considering animal requirements, these indicated a potential adequacy in GE supply but a limitation in protein and Ca and P in marginal uplands. Dry matter degradation (DMD) was high in grated coconut, abgaw, calopo and madre de cacao (77.86 to 86.51%) among the supplements and in carabao grass (71.11%) of the basal, and low in humidicola and rice bran D2 (46.52 to 47.51%). Crude protein degradation (CPD) was highest in abgaw, calopo, madre de cacao, jackfruit and grated coconut (86.87 to 90.97%), moderate in guinea and carabao grasses and rice bran D2 (61.28 to 64.01%), and low in centro and humidicola (57.46 to 59.63%). Quantitatively, and across chemical composition and in situ degradation, the feeding of humidicola grass, centro legume, and rice bran D2 is least recommended.


2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 585-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.T. Carvalho ◽  
R.M. Castro ◽  
R.I. Otsubo ◽  
F.A.R. Pereira

Existem muitas opções de herbicidas para aplicações em pré-emergência em cana-de-açúcar, mas o grande desafio atual para a cultura é o controle pós-emergente. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia do herbicida mesotrione em mistura com ametryn e metribuzin no controle em pós-emergência de 10 espécies daninhas semeadas em cana-de-açúcar, variedade RB 86-7515. As espécies daninhas selecionadas para o experimento foram: Brachiaria decumbens, Brachiaria plantaginea, Cenchrus echinatus, Digitaria horizontalis, Panicum maximum, Amaranthus deflexus, Bidens pilosa, Euphorbia heterophylla, Ipomoea nil e Sida glaziovii, semeadas nas entrelinhas após a emergência da cultura. Os herbicidas foram aplicados aos 45 dias após o plantio da cana-de-açúcar, com as plantas daninhas monocotiledôneas na fase de terceiro perfilho e as dicotiledôneas com três a quatro pares de folhas, e constaram dos seguintes tratamentos: mesotrione (120 g ha-1); ametryn (2.000 g ha-1); metribuzin (1.920 g ha-1); mesotrione + ametryn (120 g + 2.000 g ha-1); mesotrione + metribuzin (120 g + 1920 g ha-1) e testemunhas no mato e no limpo. Concluiu-se que os herbicidas isolados ou em mistura foram seletivos à cana-de-açúcar. Com relação à eficácia, observou-se que o herbicida mesotrione foi eficiente no controle de A. deflexus; ametryn, no controle de A. deflexus, B. pilosa e I. nil; metribuzin, no controle de A. deflexus, B. pilosa e S. glaziovii; mesotrione + ametryn, no controle de B. decumbens, B. plantaginea, D. horizontalis, P. maximum, A. deflexus, B. pilosa, I. nil e S. glaziovii; e mesotrione + metribuzin, no controle de B. plantaginea, D. horizontalis, P. maximum, A. deflexus, B. pilosa e S. glaziovii. Foi constatado elevado efeito sinergístico do mesotrione com os herbicidas testados, sendo o efeito mais pronunciado na mistura com o ametryn.


2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Thi Hien ◽  
Nguyen Tuong Van

Recently, metal and other nanoparticles have been widely used to improve crop growth and development, reduce used chemical amount, increase safety of agricultural products and prevent soil and water pollution. Seed treatment technology with metal nanoparticles to stimulate seed germination and improve crop yields has been reported in several studies. In order to assess the safety of the use of metal nanoparticles in agriculture production, in this study the effect and safety of seed treatment with nanoparticles (nCu) prior to sowing on the germination, growth, development, productivity and quality of maize (Zea mays L.) were evaluated in the field conditions. Seeds of maize cultivar LVN 092 were treated with nCu at different concentrations before planting. Germination and plant growth rates, plants yield and grain nutrition were monitored and evaluated. The obtained results showed that treatment of maize seed with nCu at a concentration of 20 mg/kg seed increased germination after 7 days of sowing as well as the theoretical and actual yields compared to the control and the treatment of 1000 mg nCu/1 kg seeds. Other agricultural characteristics, such as the development rate, plant height, grain nutritional content including moisture, ash, total fiber, crude protein, minerals were not significantly between treatments and the control. Therefore, the seed treatments with metal nanoparticles can be contribute to improve agriculture production without impact to quality of crops. 


2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Mario Alejandro Hernández-Chontal ◽  
Dinora Vazquez-Luna ◽  
Ariadna Linares-Gabriel ◽  
Gloria Esperanza De Dios-León ◽  
Armando Guerrero-Peña ◽  
...  

Moringa is used for human and animal consumption due to its high content of proteins, vitamins and minerals. The present study analyzed and evaluated the effectiveness of Azospirillum spp. over the nutritional content of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) under nursery conditions. The experimental design consisted of four treatments with six repetitions in complete blocks at random, which consisted of the inoculation at 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mL of suspension with 9.8 × 105 CFU mL-1 of Azospirillum spp. The study variables: biomass, protein, macro (P, K. Ca and Mg) and micronutriments (Na, Fe, Cu and Mn) in leaves and stems were determined 70 days after sowing. The analysis of variance showed signif icant statistical differences between treatments only for the variables: potassium content in leaves and calcium content, iron and sodium in stem. According to the comparison of means (P ≤ 0.05) the best treatments were those that received 0.5 and 1 mL of suspension. The inoculation of Azospirillum, failed to increase the dry weight and protein contents; however, the highest values (30.2% crude protein) were associated with its application. The absence of significant effects in the other variables evaluated is associated with inoculum concentration, however, higher values are shown in the nutrient contents in relation to results reported in other research.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Wiwik _ Indrayeni ◽  
Ezi Anggraini ◽  
Wirnelis Syarif

Based on preliminary observations, fern is a plant that has mucus, contains a lot of liquid and is easily blackened. Therefore all this time, fern vegetables cannot be processed with various kinds of preparations. Vegetable fern can only be processed for clear vegetables and rendang only by the community, while vegetable ferns are often found in areas in Indonesia, especially in West Sumatra. Based on these observations, food preparations made from vegetable ferns were accepted and liked by the community, as well as souvenirs from various regions producing ferns. The purpose of this study is to vary the variety of processed from vegetable ferns and see the level of community preference for food preparations on vegetable ferns. In this study a nutritional analysis was done through a proximate test to see the nutritional content (Carbohydrates, Protein, Water and Fat) in the products produced. The expected results in this study are the products produced have good nutritional value and are suitable for public consumption


1969 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-210
Author(s):  
Luis E. Tergas ◽  
Jaime Vélez-Santiago ◽  
Doralissa Vera de Saldaña

A field experiment was conducted near Barceloneta in the humid northern coastal plains of Puerto Rico to evaluate the production and persistence of 10 tropical grasses: Cynodon sp. local, Digitaria pentzii Slenderstem, C. nlemfuensis Star, C. plectostachyus Star, C. dactylon Coastcross-1, D. milanjiana Pangola Soto, Panicum maximum Guinea, P. maximum Guinea USDA PI 259553, P. maximum Makueni and D. decumbens Transvala grazed at 3- to 5-week intervals for one and a half year. P. maximum USDA PI 259553 was the most productive grass, but during the 13 grazings in 1981-1982, it was not significantly different (P=0.05) from C. plectostachyus Star; Cynodon sp. Local, D. pentzii Slenderstem, C. nlemfuensis Star, P. maximum Makueni, and D. decumbens Transvala. Guinea and D. milanjiana Pangola Soto were the least productive (P=0.05). Results for 7 grazings from January to June 1983 again showed P. maximum USDA PI 259553 to be the most productive grass, although not significantly different (P=0.05) from D. decumbens Transvala, C. dactylon Coastcross-1 and D. pentzii. The production of P. maximum Makueni and C. plectostachyus Star was intermediate; C. nlemfuensis Star and Guinea were the least productive, and D. milanjiana Pangola Soto did not persist under intensive grazing (P=0.05). The total mean production of all grasses of 0.92 and 1.00 ton/ha/grazing, respectively, were related to rainfall distribution. The general mean in crude protein content of forage was higher during the drier months. Average production of all grasses in this experiment was lower than in a similar experiment at Corozal in the humid region of Puerto Rico, the relative difference varied among cultivars.


2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Istiana Istiana ◽  
Hikmah Hikmah ◽  
Mursidin Mursidin

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran gender pada rumah tangga melalui peningkatan pendapatan, optimalisasi peran gender dan kaitannya dengan pelaksanaan program pemberdayaan yang ada. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Lamongan (nelayan Brondong), Jawa Timur dan Kota Padang (nelayan Koto tangah) Sumatera Barat pada bulan april dan Juni 2007. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei (wawancara terstruktur) terhadap 60 rumah tangga dan diolah dengan analisis deskriptif. Keterlibatan istri nelayan Padang di sektor produktif menghasilkan pendapatan sedangkan istri nelayan Lamongan tidak karena dianggap membantu pekerjaan suami. Pada masyarakat nelayan Brondong, lakilaki memiliki beban lebih daripada perempuan, sebaliknya di padang, istri memiliki beban lebih dan beban ganda. Keputusan di sektor domestik di dominasi istri. Keputusan sektor produktif di Lamongan didominasi suami (100%) sedangkan di Padang dilakukan secara bersama. Optimalisasi peran gender pada masyarakat nelayan Brondong perlu dilakukan melalui pelibatan peran perempuan sedangkan di Padang, peran suami dalam usaha pengolahan perlu dilibatkan. Gender merupakan konstruksi sosial budaya, gender tidaksehingga bersifat universal melainkan relatif pada konteks sosial budaya masyarakatnya. Arahan kebijakan yang sesuai untuk nelayan Brondong adalah pemberdayaan ekonomi perempuan karena mereka memiliki waktu luang 7,47 jam/hari (31,11%). Sedangkan untuk masyarakat nelayan Padang, pemberdayaan lebih kearah peningkatan pemahaman konsep gender dalam mewujudkan kesejahteraan keluarga. Tittle: Optimalization of the Gender Role in Increasing Fishers’ ProsperityThis research aimed to analyze gender role in increasing familys properity through increasing income, optimalization gender role and relation with empowerment program. This research were done in Lamongan (Brondong fisheries), East Java and Padang (Koto tangah fisheries) West Sumatra on April and June 2007. The research used survey method of 60 families and processed by a descriptive analysis. Results of the study show that the Padang wife's fisheries involved in productive sector can generate income, but the situation was not happened in Lamongan because the wife's supposed helping husband's work only. In Brondong fisheries society, men have a more work-load than women. Women have a lot of work-load than men. In Lamongan, the decission for domestic sector is dominanted by wife and for productive sector is dominanted by husband (100%). Decisions were made together. The optimalization gender role in Brondong fisheries society needs to be done by involving women's role. In Padang, men should be involved in the procesing industry. Gender was inclusive in the of social-culture contruction, so that gender is not universal, but relative in each society context. Suitable policy guidance for Brondong fisheries is to empowering women economic activity, because they have spare time for about 7,47 hours/day (31,11%). Mean while for Padang fisheries society, empowerment should be directed to increase understanding gender concept to achieve the family's prosperity. 


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-211
Author(s):  
Ase Lestari ◽  
T.H Wahyuni ◽  
T.H Wahyuni ◽  
E. Mirwandhono ◽  
N. Ginting

Maggot black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) is an insect that is environmentally friendly and can be mass produced and does not compete with humans. In addition, insect cultivation can reduce organic waste that has the potential to pollute the environment. Maggot black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) has a high crude protein content of 42.1%. The length of the life cycle and the high and low nutrient content of the maggot are influenced by the maggot growing media used. In this study using EM4 as a bio-activator for fermentation of rice bran, coconut dregs, tofu dregs and palm kernel cake. The function of this fermentation is to increase the nutrients contained in this material which will later be used as a growing medium for maggot and maggot is one of the alternatives to feed protein sources from fish meal. The study was conducted experimentally using a completely randomized design (CRD) 5 treatments and 4 replications, with the weight of each experimental unit the media content is 1 kg and filled with 1 g of BSF eggs and the media size is 37 cm long, 26 cm wide and 10 cm high. The parameters of this study consisted of maggot production and maggot nutritional content, namely moisture content, ash content, crude protein, crude fat and carbohydrates. Based on research results P0 (100% fermented rice bran) obtained an average maggot production of 525g, KA maggot 8,16%, KAb maggot 7,83%, PK maggot 44,82%, LK maggot 21,62% and 17.58% maggot carbohydrates respectively. P1 (50% fermented rice bran + 50% fermented coconut dregs) obtained an average maggot production of 467.5g, KA maggot 9,57%, KAb maggot 9,03%, PK maggot 44,68%, LK maggot 20,51% and 16.20% maggot carbohydrates respectively. P2 (50% fermented rice bran + 50% fermented tofu dregs) obtained an average maggot production of 545.25g, KA maggot 9,02%, KAb maggot 8,32%, PK maggot 44,74%, LK maggot 18,57% and 20.09% maggot carbohydrates respectively. P3 (50% fermented rice bran + 50% palm kernel cake) obtained an average maggot production of 542g, KA maggot 9,16%, KAb maggot 9,22%, PK maggot 43,72%, LK maggot 19,87% and 18.02% maggot carbohydrates respectively. P4 (25% fermented rice bran + 25% fermented tofu dregs + 25% fermented coconut dregs + 25% palm kernel cake) obtained an average maggot production of 831.5g, KA maggot 9,08%, KAb maggot 9,35%, PK maggot 44,38%, LK maggot 17,01% and 20.18% maggot carbohydrates respectively. From the research results, it can be concluded that the use of culture media with a combination of 25% fermented rice bran + 25% fermented coconut dregs + 25% fermented tofu dregs + 25% fermented palm kernel meal is the best combination where the production reaches 831.5 g bsf and 20 carbohydrates. , 18% but could not increase moisture content, ash content, crude protein and crude fat.


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