scholarly journals Citric Acid and EDTA as chelating agents in phytoremediation of heavy metal in polluted soil: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 896 (1) ◽  
pp. 012023
Author(s):  
Y C Shinta ◽  
B Zaman ◽  
S Sumiyati
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Chelating Agents ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Soil Microbiology ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Plant Efficiency

Abstract The application of metal chelating agents in phytoremediation has been shown to increase plant efficiency for heavy metal uptake in phytoextraction significantly. EDTA is a famous chelating agent used in phytoextraction. However, future use of EDTA is likely to be limited to ex-situ conditions where leachate control can be achieved, so there are limitations to its use that need to be studied. So that many phytoremediation studies have been carried out on organic chelating agents that are not expected to be harmful to the environment, one of which is Citric Acid. The purpose of this review is to compare commonly chelating agents, namely: EDTA as synthetic and Citric Acid as a natural matter for phytoremediation in polluted soils. This review also discusses the ability of Citric Acid and EDTA on phytoremediation, their effect on soil physiology and soil microbiology, advantages and disadvantages of each on the prospects of phytoremediation. EDTA can increase phytoextraction better than Citric Acid but can increase the risk of groundwater pollution because EDTA is difficult to degrade by the environment. In contrast, Citric Acid has been shown to increase phytoextraction, phytostabilization and harmless to the environment.

Enhanced Heavy Metal Phytoextraction from Marine Dredged Sediments Comparing Conventional Chelating Agents (Citric Acid and EDTA) with Humic Substances

2008 ◽  
Vol 193 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 323-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Bianchi ◽  
Grazia Masciandaro ◽  
David Giraldi ◽  
Brunello Ceccanti ◽  
Renato Iannelli
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Chelating Agents ◽  
Dredged Sediments

scholarly journals Perbedaan daya pembersih kavitas saponin ekstrak kulit manggis (Garcinia mangostana Linn) 0,78% dan asam sitrat 6% (The difference of 0,78% saponin from mangosteen pericarp extract and 6% citric acid for cleanliness of cavity)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Ivon Dewi Setianingrum ◽  
Ketut Suardita ◽  
Ari Subiyanto ◽  
Dian Agustin Wahjuningrum
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Garcinia Mangostana ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Inorganic Particles ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Dental Cavities ◽  
Better Than

Background: Cleanliness of cavity is considered important for a restoration. Smear layer formed after cavity preparation should be removed in order not to disrupt the bond adhesion between restorative materials and dental cavities. Saponins contained in mangosteen pericarp (Garcinia mangostana L.) have surfactant properties that can eliminate the smear layer assessed. 6% citric acid is a chelating agent which can eliminate the inorganic particles of the smear layer. Until now, the research on the differences of 0,78% saponin from mangosteen pericarp extract and 6% citric acid for cleanliness of cavity has never been done. Purpose: To see the differences between 0,78% saponin from mangosteen pericarp extract and 6% citric acid as cavity cleanser. Method: Eighteen human teeth with complete crown, no caries,  and no fractures were randomized in 3 groups (n≥6), in this experiment use (n=6). The cavity was prepared using wheels bur for hand use instrument. After instrumentation, each cavity on the first group used  0,78% saponin from mangosteen pericarp extract as cavity cleanser, the second group used 6% citric acid as cavity cleanser, and the control group used aquadest. Then, the teeth were split to be observed on Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Result: For Mann- Whitney test there were significant differences just between 078% saponin from mangosteen pericarp extract with 6% citric acid, and 6% citric acid with aquadest, but not for 0,78% saponin from mangosteen pericarp extract with aquadest. Median value of 6% citric acid showed 2,000 which is the smallest value compared to the value of the other groups. Conclusion: The cleanliness of cavity with 6% citric acid is better than that with 0,78%  saponin from mangosteen pericarp extract. 

scholarly journals Effect of Adding Chelating Agents on the Absorption of Zinc from Polluted Soil Sludge Textile Industrial Waste by Sunflower Plant (Helianthus annuusL.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruslan Wirosoedarmo ◽  
F. Anugroho ◽  
S. D. Hanggara ◽  
Kiki Gustinasari
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Chelating Agents ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Sludge Waste

Textile industry caused the increase of the heavy metal Zn in soil in the form of sludge. Waste treatment by the phytoremediation method is one of the alternatives of environmental refinement with low cost and high effectiveness. This study used sunflower plants (Helianthus annuusL.) as a phytoremediator. The chelating agent EDTA was added in some treatment to increase the heavy metal absorption. The addition of 1.5 kg sludge on growth media inhibits the sunflower growth. T0K0 treatment has the most efficient result with a total Zn absorption of 101.74 mg/kg. T0K0 treatment was able to reduce Zn up to 96%. In 100% soil treatment, the EDTA additions decreased the ability of sunflower plants to absorb Zn metal in the phytoremediation process. However, in the 40% sludge treatment, the addition of EDTA did not affect the ability of sunflower plants to absorb the Zn metal in the phytoremediation process.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Action of Chelating Agents on the Microhardness of Superficial Layer of Root Canal Lumen Dentin

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
Srinidhi Surya Raghavendra ◽  
Bandu Devrao Napte
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Chelating Agents ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Superficial Layer ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Multiple Comparison Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRACT Aim To evaluate the effect of different chelating agents on the microhardness of the superficial dentin layer of the root canal lumen. Materials and methods Forty-two extracted single rooted teeth were instrumented, and the roots were longitudinally sectioned in a buccolingual direction to expose the entire canal extension. The specimens were randomly distributed in four groups according to the final irrigation: Glyde File Prep (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), RC Help (Prime Dental Pvt. Ltd, Mumbai, India), Endo Prep RC (Stedman Anabond, Chennai, India), Dolo Endogel (Prevest Denpro Ltd, Jammu, India). A standardized volume of 50 ml of each chelating agent was used for 5 minutes. Dentin microhardness was measured with a Knoop indenter under a 50 gm load and a 15 seconds dwell time. Data was analyzed statistically by one-way analysis of variance ANOVA and post hoc multiple-comparison test at 5% significance level. Results Statistically significant difference was detected among the chelating agents by one-way ANOVA. Glyde File Prep and Dolo Endogel chelating agents differed significantly (p < 0.0001) in reduction of dentin microhardness from RC help and Endo Prep RC. Conclusion Glyde File Prep and Dolo Endogel are significantly better than RC Help and Endo Prep RC in reducing dentin microhardness. How to cite this article Napte BD, Srinidhi SR. Evaluation of the Action of Chelating Agents on the Microhardness of Superficial Layer of Root Canal Lumen Dentin. World J Dent 2014;5(2):124-128.

scholarly journals Use of phytoremediation and biochar to remediate heavy metal polluted soils: a review

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 2155-2179 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Paz-Ferreiro ◽  
H. Lu ◽  
S. Fu ◽  
A. Méndez ◽  
G. Gascó
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Current State ◽  
Environmental Technologies ◽  
The Cost

Abstract. Anthropogenic activities are resulting in an increase on the use and extraction of heavy metals. Heavy metals cannot be degraded and hence accumulate in the environment having the potential to contaminate the food chain. This pollution threatens soil quality, plant survival and human health. The remediation of heavy metals deserves attention, but it is impaired by the cost of these processes. Phytoremediation and biochar are two sound environmental technologies which could be at the forefront to mitigate soil pollution. This review provides an overview of the current state of knowledge phytoremediation and biochar application to remediate heavy metal contaminated soils, discussing the advantages and disadvantages of both individual approaches. Research to date has attempted only in a limited number of occasions to combine both techniques, however we discuss the potential advantages of combining both remediation techniques and the potential mechanisms involved in the interaction between phytoremediators and biochar. We identified specific research needs to ensure a sustainable use of phytoremediation and biochar as remediation tools.

Safety Assessment of Citric Acid, Inorganic Citrate Salts, and Alkyl Citrate Esters as Used in Cosmetics

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 16S-46S ◽  
Author(s):  
Monice M. Fiume ◽  
Bart A. Heldreth ◽  
Wilma F. Bergfeld ◽  
Donald V. Belsito ◽  
Ronald A. Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Chelating Agents ◽  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Expert Panel ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Potassium Citrate ◽  
Calcium Citrate ◽  
Triethyl Citrate

The CIR Expert Panel (Panel) assessed the safety of citric acid, 12 inorganic citrate salts, and 20 alkyl citrate esters as used in cosmetics, concluding that these ingredients are safe in the present practices of use and concentration. Citric acid is reported to function as a pH adjuster, chelating agent, or fragrance ingredient. Some of the salts are also reported to function as chelating agents, and a number of the citrates are reported to function as skin-conditioning agents but other functions are also reported. The Panel reviewed available animal and clinical data, but because citric acid, calcium citrate, ferric citrate, manganese citrate, potassium citrate, sodium citrate, diammonium citrate, isopropyl citrate, stearyl citrate, and triethyl citrate are generally recognized as safe direct food additives, dermal exposure was the focus for these ingredients in this cosmetic ingredient safety assessment.

scholarly journals Study on the Behavior and Removal of Cadmium and Zinc Using Taraxacum officinale and Gazania under the Application of Biodegradable Chelating Agents

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1557
Author(s):  
Naoki Kano ◽  
Takumi Hori ◽  
Haixin Zhang ◽  
Naoto Miyamoto ◽  
David Eva Vanessa Anak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Chelating Agents ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
The One

The removal of cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) from soil by phytoremediation was investigated using Taraxacum officinale and Gazania. A plant environmental control system was used to cultivate the plants. The effects of different biodegradable chelating agents (i.e., EDDS, HIDS, and GLDA), relative humidity, and other competitive metals on the adsorption of Cd and Zn were also studied. In addition, the approach for metal recovery was explored by extraction of metals from plants after phytoremediation using Gazania. The concentrations of Cd and Zn were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). In addition, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were performed.to determine significant differences between the experimental treatments adopted in this work. Consequently, the following main conclusions were obtained: (1) In the case of Taraxacum officinale, Cd and Zn could be removed even under the presence of other heavy metals. (2) By adding a chelating agent, the amount absorbed by the shoot generally increased. (3) In the case of Gazania, the concentration of Cd was higher in root than that in shoot, whereas the concentration of Zn was higher in the shoot than that in the root. (4) Taraxacum officinale was more suitable for phytoremediation of Cd than Gazania. (5) Cd and Zn could be extracted from plants by adding a low concentration of nitric acid. (6) The one-way ANOVA tests showed no statistically significant differences among the experimental treatments.

Ultrasound-Assisted Citric Acid Extraction of Zinc in Plateau Red Soil and Tessier Speciation Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 4464-4467
Author(s):  
Wei Wei ◽  
Xue Jin Zhou ◽  
Yun Tao Gao
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Manganese Oxides ◽  
Red Soil ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Speciation Study ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Iron And Manganese

Taking plateau red soil as research object, using the ultrasonic-assisted organic acid extraction the heavy metal zinc in it, and analyze the form of zinc. Results showed that the extraction rate can reach 68%, with the increase of time, the extraction effect of zinc is obviously enhanced in this method. Ultrasonic-assisted citric acid extraction soil can increase the extraction rate of exchangeable, bound to carbonates and bound to iron and manganese oxides relatively.

scholarly journals Evaluation of IMERG Level-3 Products in Depicting the July to October Rainfall over Taiwan: Typhoon Versus Non-Typhoon

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 622
Author(s):  
Wan-Ru Huang ◽  
Pin-Yi Liu ◽  
Ya-Hui Chang ◽  
Cheng-An Lee
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Typhoon Season ◽  
Early Late ◽  
Better Than

This study assesses the performance of satellite precipitation products (SPPs) from the latest version, V06B, Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for Global Precipitation Mission (IMERG) Level-3 (including early, late, and final runs), in depicting the characteristics of typhoon season (July to October) rainfall over Taiwan within the period of 2000–2018. The early and late runs are near-real-time SPPs, while final run is post-real-time SPP adjusted by monthly rain gauge data. The latency of early, late, and final runs is approximately 4 h, 14 h, and 3.5 months, respectively, after the observation. Analyses focus on the seasonal mean, daily variation, and interannual variation of typhoon-related (TC) and non-typhoon-related (non-TC) rainfall. Using local rain-gauge observations as a reference for evaluation, our results show that all IMERG products capture the spatio-temporal variations of TC rainfall better than those of non-TC rainfall. Among SPPs, the final run performs better than the late run, which is slightly better than the early run for most of the features assessed for both TC and non-TC rainfall. Despite these differences, all IMERG products outperform the frequently used Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission 3B42 v7 (TRMM7) for the illustration of the spatio-temporal characteristics of TC rainfall in Taiwan. In contrast, for the non-TC rainfall, the final run performs notably better relative to TRMM7, while the early and late runs showed only slight improvement. These findings highlight the advantages and disadvantages of using IMERG products for studying or monitoring typhoon season rainfall in Taiwan.

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