scholarly journals The Search For Source Material Of Phacelia Tanacetifolia Benth For Breeding For Fodder Productivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 901 (1) ◽  
pp. 012006
Author(s):  
V M Kosolapov ◽  
V I Cherniavskih ◽  
E V Dumacheva ◽  
V V Konoplev ◽  
V I Tseiko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Matter Content ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
State University ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Forage Crop ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Green Matter ◽  
Phacelia Tanacetifolia

Abstract The genetic resources of wild populations of the valuable forage crop Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth. in different ecological conditions of the southern Srednerusskaya Upland were studied. Selected source material for breeding for fodder productivity.In the Vorskla natural-territorial complex the individuals which on the average 6.9-27.7% exceeded the individuals in other cenopopulations by height and bush size. The forms with high potential fodder qualities are distinguished: low hairiness of leaves and stems, dry matter content - 20.9-21.6%, protein - 19.4-20.4%, crude fat - 2.1-2.3%, soluble carbohydrates - 34.6-36.5%, green matter yield - 2,32-2,44 kg*(m2)-1, seeds - 0,032-0,038 kg*(m2)-1. The seeds of the best forms were collected and transferred to the collections of Federal Williams Reserch Center for Forage Production and Agroecology, All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Belgorod State University for breeding of new disease resistant forage varieties.

The effect of nitrogen fertilizers on the ensiling characteristics of perennial ryegrass and cocksfoot

1970 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. I. H. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Buffering Capacity ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Growing Seasons

SUMMARYThe effect of three levels of N fertilizer on the ensiling characteristics of S. 24 perennial ryegrass and S. 37 cocksfoot have been examined during first growth in two growing seasons. The effects of sucrose supplementation, inoculation with Lactobacillus plantarum and wilting were also examined in certain cuts. All silages were made in the laboratory using a small scale vacuum silage technique.The perennial ryegrass herbage was higher in water soluble carbohydrates than the cocksfoot, N fertilizers decreased soluble carbohydrates and dry-matter content in both species. Buffering capacity was not consistently different between grasses or between N levels.Herbage was cut at two stages of maturity in the first year. In the first cut (8 days before ear emergence), perennial ryegrass silages were well preserved irrespective of the amount of N applied to the grass. Cocksfoot silages were well preserved only when the lowest level of N fertilizer had been applied (50 kg/ha). Supplementation of cocksfoot with sucrose prior to ensiling markedly improved silage quality, but inoculation had no effect. In the second cut (26 days after ear emergence) the grasses were higher in drymatter content and showed a lower buffering capacity, but neither ryegrass nor cocksfoot silages were well preserved unless supplemented with sucrose prior to ensiling.In the second year of the experiment only one cut was taken (9 days after ear emergence). As in the previous year, silages made from herbage at a late stage of growth were poorly preserved. Wilting prior to ensiling resulted in well-preserved silages.It is concluded that the need for additives and wilting to ensure satisfactory preservation varies in relation to the variety of grass used and its stage of growth.

scholarly journals Microbiological quality of silage made from by-products of cassava starch extraction and viticulture

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-415
Author(s):  
C.R. Schneider ◽  
M.A. Zambom ◽  
D. Galhardo ◽  
A. Faccenda ◽  
A.S. Avila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Storage Times ◽  
By Products

This study evaluated silages made with varying proportions of viticulture by-products (VC) and starch extraction from cassava (CSE). It attempted to determine the effects of these proportions on the microbial population, fermentative losses, and chemical composition. The treatments were specified as the proportions of VC in the silage (0 g/kg, 250 g/kg, 500 g/kg, 750 g/kg, and 1000 g/kg). Silages were  evaluated before (0) and after 1, 3, 7, 15, 30, and 60 days of ensiling. The experimental design was completely randomized with five  treatments, six storage times and four replications. The increased level of VC in the silage enhanced its dry matter content, ammonia  nitrogen (NH3-N), and buffering capacity, and reduced organic matter content. Fifteen days after ensiling, additional VC increased the concentration of soluble carbohydrates. The increased level of VC decreased the count of Clostridium spp. and lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The incidence of yeasts and enterobacteria was low in all treatments at all time points. Over time, losses as effluent and gases increased. Use of increasing proportions from VC in silage made with CSE increased the contents of dry matter and soluble carbohydrates and  reduced the fermentative losses of the silage. The increased amount of VC also favoured pH reduction and reduced the proliferation of undesirable yeasts, while increasing the population of LAB.

scholarly journals Study of collection samples of table watermel with unconventional pulp color

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
N. G. Baybakova ◽  
G. V. Varivoda
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Genetic Traits ◽  
High Dry Matter ◽  
Pulp Consistency ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits

Relevance. The study of the collection is one of the main sources of replenishing the source material for the breeding process. The presence of the necessary genetic traits can speed up the breeding process. Therefore, at the Bykovskaya melon breeding experimental station, the genetic diversity of melon plants is assessed and promising samples are selected for use in breeding.Materials and methods. The object of research was samples of table watermelon with an unconventional color of the pulp. The aim of the work is to study and isolate the source material of watermelon for use in the breeding process to create new varieties and hybrids of melon crops. In the course of the study, 12 varieties of table watermelon were identified from 33 varieties of the collection nursery, which are sources of economically valuable traits. The selection was carried out according to the yield, the rate of entry into fruiting, taste, color of the pulp.Results. In the course of the research, the obtained samples of table watermelon with an unconventional color of the pulp were evaluated according to a set of economic characteristics in comparison with the standards: Zenith and Sinchevsky. The analysis of the tested samples made it possible to identify 12 samples by economically valuable traits: 3 samples by early maturity and taste: White sugar lump, White wonder, Golden revenge F1; 7 samples with a high dry matter content, in terms of yield and large fruit: Moon and stars yellowflesh, Sweet Siberian, Orangeglo, Daisy, Clay county yellow meat, Mountain sweet yellow, Tendergold; 2 samples for color and pulp consistency: Early moon beane Bakerlneek, Tenderweet orange. The selected samples meet the modern requirements of the industrial melon growing industry, resistant to stress factors of the environment, good taste and consumer properties.Findings. The obtained experimental data will be used to create a genetic collection of watermelon according to the traits that determine the economic value of the gene pool for further use in the breeding process. 

The composition and nutritive value of marrow stem kale and thousand head kale

1936 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Woodman ◽  
R. E. Evans ◽  
A. Eden
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
Green Matter

The paper records the results of an investigation into the composition, digestibility and nutritive value of marrow stem kale (both unthinned and singled-out) and thousand head kale. A number of the main findings are recorded below.The average dry-matter content of unthinned marrow stem kale during September and October was 13·3 per cent. During the following January it had reached a slightly higher level, namely, 14·2 per cent. Singling out of the marrow stem kale appeared to exercise little effect on the dry-matter content of the crop. Thousand head kale, with an average dry-matter content of 15·8 per cent., is significantly richer in dry matter than the marrow stem kale, although this advantage was offset by the lower yield, in terms of green matter, given per acre by the thousand head kale.

scholarly journals New source material for the creation of perspective varieties of melon

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
M. S. Kornilova ◽  
V. A. Suslova ◽  
L. N. Verbitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Matter Content ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Local Selection ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Creation ◽  
High Yields

Relevance. The creation of varieties with a complex of economically valuable traits, resistant to biotic and abiotic environmental factors, is the main direction in melon breeding. The market for vegetables and melons and gourds is very dynamic, the demands for varieties are constantly changing, therefore, it is necessary to introduce new varieties with high taste and commercial qualities, as well as capable of producing high yields in a changing climate. The aim of the work is to produce a new melon starting material for use in the breeding process.Materials and methods. At the Bikovskaya cucurbits breeding experimental station – branch of the Federal state budgetary scientific institution "Federal scientific vegetable center", research was carried out from 2018 to 2020. The object of research is samples from the collection of VIR, foreign and domestic selection, hybrid combinations obtained as a result of intervarietal hybridization. Collection samples of melon were studied in the nursery of the source material: 84 samples from the VIR collection, 26 samples of domestic and foreign selection were studied.Results. As a result of the research, samples of melon with economically valuable traits were identified that meet the requirements of selection. Paired crosses with zoned varieties of local selection were carried out with them. As a result of hybridization, hybrid combinations F1 were obtained, from which the best ones were selected for further breeding work. The obtained collection samples and hybrid combinations were evaluated in terms of taste, yield, resistance to environmental abiofactors, dry matter content, large-fruited, attractive color of the fruit and pulp As a result received a new source material for the selection of new varieties and hybrids of melons with valuable economic traits. The resulting hybrid combinations of F1 melon were tested against an infectious background. Hybrid combinations with the best performance will be further studied in a breeding nursery.

scholarly journals Identifying sources of resistance to late blight and black scurf, and other economically useful traits among interspecific potato hybrids

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
Z. Z. Evdokimova ◽  
M. V. Kalashnik
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Black Scurf ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Promising Source

Background. This publication presents the results of a four-year (2016–2019) study undertaken to assess potato hybrids from the nurseries of preliminary tests and the nursery of the second tuber generation for their resistance to Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary and Rhizoctonia solani J.G. Kühn in the environments of Leningrad Province. Potato forms with a set of economically useful traits were identified as promising source material for further breeding.Materials and methods. The study covered the interspecific hybrids developed on the basis of the following species: Solanum vernei Bitt. et Wittm., S. megistacrolobum Bitt., S. chacoense Bitt., S. demissum Lindl., S. verrucosum Schelechtd., S. stoloniferum Schlechtd., S. polytrichon Rydb., S. andigenum Yuz. et Buk., S. rybinii Yuz. et Buk., and S. tuberosum Lindl. Late blight and black scurf resistance tests were performed using the methods approved for the potato selection technology.Results and conclusions. The possibility to select potato genotypes with high and medium resistance of their tops and tubers was ascertained under severe natural infection with P. infestans and R. solani. In the preliminary test nursery, from 4.0 to 62.0% of the tested accessions demonstrated high plant top resistance to late blight, and from 21.6 to 58.0% possessed tuber resistance. The analysis of resistance to black scurf showed that the average score for several years in the preliminary test nursery ranged from 6.3 to 7.6 points (the scale from 9 down to 1), while the percentage of highly resistant accessions was in the range of 25.9–70.7%. In the nursery of the second tuber generation, the average resistance across the years of study varied from 6.3 to 7.8 points, with the percentage of highly resistant hybrids ranging from 27.0 to 87.1%. The selected hybrids were distinguished by their increased productivity (31.4–42.9 t/ha), high marketability of tubers (89–98%), and dry matter content (16.6–19.5%). Source material with a set of economically useful features promising for breeding was identified. 

scholarly journals ‘Covington’ Sweetpotato

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1911-1914 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Craig Yencho ◽  
Kenneth V. Pecota ◽  
Jonathan R. Schultheis ◽  
Zvezdana-Pesic VanEsbroeck ◽  
Gerald J. Holmes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
State University ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
North Carolina State University ◽  
Southern Root Knot Nematode

‘Covington’ is an orange-fleshed, smooth-skinned, rose-colored, table-stock sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] developed by North Carolina State University (NCSU). ‘Covington’, named after the late Henry M. Covington, an esteemed sweetpotato scientist at North Carolina State, was evaluated as NC98-608 in multiple state and regional yield trials during 2001 to 2006. ‘Covington’ produces yields equal to ‘Beauregard’, a dominant sweetpotato variety produced in the United States, but it is typically 5 to 10 days later in maturity. ‘Covington’ typically sizes its storage roots more evenly than ‘Beauregard’ resulting in fewer jumbo class roots and a higher percentage of number one roots. Total yields are similar for the two clones with the dry matter content of ‘Covington’ storage roots typically being 1 to 2 points higher than that of ‘Beauregard’. ‘Covington’ is resistant to fusarium wilt [Fusarium oxysporum Schlect. f.sp. batatas (Wollenw.) Snyd. & Hans.], southern root-knot nematode [Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White 1919) Chitwood 1949 race 3], and moderately resistant to streptomyces soil rot [Streptomyces ipomoeae (Person & W.J. Martin) Wakswan & Henrici]. Symptoms of the russet crack strain of Sweet Potato Feathery Mottle Virus have not been observed in ‘Covington’. The flavor of the baked storage roots of ‘Covington’ has been rated as very good by standardized and informal taste panels and typically scores as well or better in this regard when compared with ‘Beauregard’.

Agronomic characterization of sunflower cultivars for animal feeding in tropical conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. e37050
Author(s):  
Saulo Almeida Sousa ◽  
Vagner Maximino Leite ◽  
Vanessa de Oliveira Almeida ◽  
Douglas dos Santos Pina ◽  
Luana Marta de Almeida Rufino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Flowering Rate ◽  
Animal Feeding

This study was developed to examine morpho-agronomic traits of 18 sunflower cultivars and identify superior cultivars in terms of grain yield, forage quality, or both, for animal feeding. Twenty-two morpho-agronomic traits related to plant development and architecture; earliness of maturity; grain yield (achenes); dry matter yield; and dry matter content were evaluated. Cultivars Hélio 253, Hélio 358, Embrapa 122, BRS 321, and Hélio 360 showed inflorescence at the final stage. Aguará 4 showed the lowest flowering rate, characterizing it as late-maturing. For grain yield, cultivars Charrua, Olisun 3, BRS 321, Paraíso 103CL, Paraíso 65, Aguará 6, and CF 101 are recommended, as they showed the highest achene yields (average: 1,541.67 to 2,148.81 kg.ha−1, respectively). Cultivars Charrua, Hélio 251, Olisun 3, Hélio 360, Paraíso 55, and Paraíso 103CL exhibited higher dry matter yields (9,550.93 to 11,789.91 kg ha−1) and were thus indicated for forage production. Cultivars Charrua, Olisun 3, BRS 321, Paraíso 103CL, Paraíso 65, Aguará 6, and CF 101 are recommended for grain yield, for the diet of monogastric animals; Charrua, Hélio 251, Olisun 3, Hélio 360, Paraíso 55, and Paraíso 103CL for forage yield, for ruminant feeding; and Charrua, Olisun 3, and Paraíso 103CL for both purposes.

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE UTILIZATION BY RUMINANTS OF CORN SILAGE IN MARGINAL GROWING AREAS

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. FISHER ◽  
N. A. FAIREY
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Marginal Areas ◽  
Ruminant Animals ◽  
Feeding Trials

The effects of various factors which influence the utilization of silage, made from forage corn grown in marginal areas for production, by ruminant animals are reviewed, with particular reference to dairy cattle. Crop maturity and composition and their effects on important animal performance characteristics are discussed in detail. Effects of the dry matter and grain contents of the ensiled corn on the nature of silage and the resulting animal responses are also considered. The declining emphasis on assessing the quality of forage corn by its grain content, and the increased emphasis on the selection of hybrids based on shoot dry matter yields are discussed from both crop and animal production viewpoints. For instance, the results of feeding trials where high crop densities, various genetic mutants and tillering hybrids were studied are discussed. Consideration is given to the laboratory evaluation and use of various agronomic characteristics to assess the nutritive value of forage corn. It is concluded that more emphasis should be placed on the breeding of corn genotypes specifically for forage production by selecting for maximum digestible dry matter yields per unit land area, particularly when dry matter content is unlikely to exceed 25%. Evaluation of the forage potential of corn genotypes should be conducted under systems of management specifically suited to maximizing whole-crop, dry matter yields. Also, with the utilization of mutant types of corn with higher digestibilities than normal corn genotypes, routine laboratory analysis for digestibility will become necessary. The final comparison of promising genotypes will need to be done with animals capable of relatively high levels of production.

scholarly journals EVALUASI KANDUNGAN BAHAN KERING, BAHAN ORGANIK DAN PROTEIN KASAR PELEPAH SAWIT FERMENTASI DENGAN PENAMBAHAN SUMBER KARBOHIDRAT

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Astuti ◽  
M N Rofiq ◽  
Nurhaita Nurhaita
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Rumen Content ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Content Factor

This research was aimed to evaluate the content of dry matter, organic matter and crude protein of palm oil fronds as an alternative feed substitution of native grass, which was enhanced through fermentation biotechnological innovation with the addition of carbohydrate soluble.  Fermentation palm oil frond done using local microorganisms resources rumen content andLactobacillus. The experimental design used was factorial on complete randomized design 2x3 with 3 replication each treatment.   Factor A were the  source of inoculums fermentation, A1=. lactobacillus, A2= local microorganisms resources rumen content.  Factor B were the source of soluble carbohydrates where B1 = without a carbohydrates, rice B2 = e bran, B3 = tapioca starch.  Parameters measured were content of dry matter, organic matter and crude protein of palm oil fronds.  The results of this research showed that no interaction effect between the source of microorganisms with carbohydrates, and the treatment had no effect (P > 0.05) on dry matter content.  No effect Factor A for all parameters while the  factors B Influential were significantly (P < 0.01) on the content of organic matter and crude protein.  The highest crude protein content in the fermented palm oil fronds with a source of carbohydrates from rice bran (6.55%)

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