scholarly journals Market development of local peatland commodities to support successful peatland restoration

2021 ◽  
Vol 917 (1) ◽  
pp. 012032
Author(s):  
M Salminah ◽  
F Nurfatriani ◽  
Y Rochmayanto ◽  
D Wicaksono ◽  
Ramawati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Business Culture ◽  
Commodity Market ◽  
Forest Conversion ◽  
Peatland Restoration ◽  
Livelihood Improvement ◽  
Improvement Programs

Abstract Peatland degradation and community livelihood are often driven by market forces. Successful peatland restoration including community livelihood improvement programs is therefore highly correlated with market development of various local peatland commodities that are introduced to replace fire-using farming activities. However, since the development of local peatland commodities is often under subsistence marketplaces, investigation of their market is not attractive and has received little attention. This paper investigates the market structure of the local peatland commodities developed by the local community under peatland livelihood programs using Rapid Market Appraisal (RMA) technique and market structure analysis to quickly draw challenges and opportunities of market development of peatland commodities. We also analyze a business model applied by the local community, particularly their strategy to adapt to market dynamics and to secure market competition. The information is essential to serve as a basis for formulating appropriate interventions needed to develop a more established market of local peatland commodities, which as a consequence will prevent peat forest conversion. The investigation finds that at least three types of peatland commodity market structures are evolving in the research site. Each of them has different challenges and needs different interventions to make the livelihood programs more sustainable. Meanwhile, the local community is more oriented towards sales than the marketing of peatland products. They have not prepared a specific strategy yet to adapt to and win the dynamic market competition. It needs significant efforts to change its business culture if relevant stakeholders intend to develop the local peatland commodity market as a part of peatland restoration and community livelihood improvement programs.

A multi-sided market of personal data resource allocation: An empirical study of China’s car-hailing platform

2021 ◽  
pp. 178359172110512
Author(s):  
Lei Huang ◽  
Miltos Ladikas ◽  
Guangxi He ◽  
Julia Hahn ◽  
Jens Schippl
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Market Structure ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Application Programming Interface ◽  
Allocation Mechanism ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Data Resource ◽  
Technology And Economy

The current rapid development of online car-hailing services creates a serious challenge to the existing paradigm of market governance and antitrust policy. However, the debate on the market structure of the car-hailing platform requires more empirical evidence to uncover its functions. This research adopts an interdisciplinary methodology based on computer science and economics, and including software reverse engineering tools applied to the interoperability of the terminal application and resource allocation model, to demonstrate the topological market structure of personal data resources allocation in China’s car-hailing industry. Within the discussion of the hybrid nature of technology and economy, the analysis results clearly show that China’s car-hailing platform services present a multi-sided market structure when seen from the perspective of personal data resource allocation. Personal data resource (PDR), that is considered an essential market resource, is applied as an asset transferred unhindered between platforms via the application programming interface, and thus, creating a new market allocation mechanism. The connection between the car-hailing platforms and social media platforms is an essential aspect of the market competition in the domain. As applications of online platforms increase in the global context, this research offers a new perspective in personal data resource allocation with implications for the governance of the platform economy.

scholarly journals A Computerized Remote-Access Commodity Market: Telcot

1978 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don E. Ethridge
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Electronic Markets ◽  
Remote Access ◽  
Commodity Market ◽  
Small Country ◽  
Limited Availability ◽  
Limited Degree

Cotton marketing, like the marketing of other agricultural commodities, traditionally has been done through relatively small country markets. Problems for cotton producers resulting from this type of market structure are the limited availability of market price information and the limited degree of buyer competition for their product at the local level. Though these are seemingly inherent problems in local markets, new technologies in the form of electronic markets can help to overcome them.

Managing waterway health in the Goulburn Broken Catchment, Victoria, Australia

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Tennant ◽  
J. Sheed
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Environmental Flows ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Murray Darling Basin ◽  
Effective Delivery ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
State And Local

Historically within most catchments, resource management programs have been planned and implemented in isolation of one another. This was once the case in the Goulburn Broken Catchment, a major catchment of the Murray Darling Basin, Australia. Although only 2% of the Murray Darling Basin's land area, the catchment generates 11% of the basin's water resources. Learning from the past, a cooperative and collaborative approach to natural resource programs has developed. This approach is the envy of many other catchment communities and agencies. Through a combination of “Partnership Programs”, “Operational Initiatives” and community involvement, significant programs have been implemented within the catchment, which will benefit not only the local community but communities further afield. The outcomes of the waterway health program highlight the benefits provided through the establishment of cooperative and partnership resource improvement programs. These programs were founded on the ability of the community to recognise the need for integration, base management decisions on best available science and an ability to work together. Their effective delivery has been provided through the resources provided, to the local community, by the Natural Heritage Trust with matching and State and local allocations. While programs have shown success, challenges still face the community. These challenges include verification and implementation of environmental flows, storage of the catchment's vital water resources, and maintaining community involvement and participation in on-going works programs. The Goulburn Broken Catchment community, with the support of Federal, State and Local Governments, is looking at opportunities for continued improvements in waterway health.

scholarly journals Challenges for Polish ferry market development in Baltic Sea Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 01030
Author(s):  
Ilona Urbanyi-Popiołek
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Market Development ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Passenger Traffic ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
Trade Turnover

Polish ferry market has become one of the prime segments of ferry shipping in Baltic Sea Region. It dominates in ferry industry in South Baltic. The ferry cargo and passenger traffic has been growing steadily since Poland’s accession to the European Union. The estimates show that in 2017 the operators transported more than 1,2 million passengers and over 520 thousand cargo vehicles between ports in Poland and Sweden. The increase in trade turnover between Scandinavia and Central Europe as well as growth of tourism affect the demand for ferry transport. The aim of this paper is to explore the prime determinants influencing the development of Polish ferry shipping and to research the challenges that carriers operating the ferry services from Poland to Sweden must face such as internal competition between the operators in Polish market, competition from German and Lithuanian routes and low cost airlines as well as increasing trade volumes. The research hypothesis is: the growth of trade between Scandinavia and Central Europe as well as tourism traffic will increase the demand for ferry transport from Polish ports. Detailed research hypotheses are that: ferry services between Poland and Sweden constitute the primary market on the South Baltic and new tonnage investments to increase the capacity have to be taken.

A Field Too Crowded? How Measures of Market Structure Shape Nonprofit Fiscal Health

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie E. Paarlberg ◽  
Seung-Ho An ◽  
Rebecca Nesbit ◽  
Robert K. Christensen ◽  
Justin Bullock
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
Nonprofit Organizations ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Nonprofit Sector ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Fiscal Health ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Sector Data

This article explores how various dimensions of market structure, often used to measure organizational crowding, affect the fiscal health of nonprofit organizations. Using 2011 National Center for Charitable Statistics (NCCS) nonprofit sector data, our findings generally support population ecology’s model of a curvilinear relationship between density and days of spending. However, we also find that single dimensions of market structure do not fully capture the effects of market competition. Increasing density has a negative effect on the fiscal health of organizations in markets in which resources are more evenly distributed among actors, whereas increasing density of organizations has a positive effect on organizational fiscal health in markets in which resources are less evenly distributed among actors. These results are sensitive to different specifications of fiscal health and field of nonprofit activity.

scholarly journals The Comparison Between Different Hospital Market Definition Approaches: An Empirical Analysis of 11 Representative Diseases in Sichuan Province, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyong Lu ◽  
Ting Chen ◽  
Tianjao Lan ◽  
Jay Pan
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Patient Flow ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Market Definition ◽  
Hospital Market ◽  
Flow Method ◽  
Fixed Radius

Objective: This study aims to provide empirical evidence for the controversy about whether the inference is consistent if alternative hospital market definition methods are employed, and for which definition method is the best alternative to the predicted patient flow approach.Data sources: Collecting data from the discharge data of inpatients and hospital administrative data of Sichuan province in China in the fourth quarter of 2018.Study Design: We employed Herfindahl–Hirschman Index (HHI) as the proxy of market competition used as an example to measure the hospital market structure. Correlation coefficients of HHIs based on different definition methods were assessed. The corresponding coefficient of each HHI estimated in identical regression models was then compared. In addition, since the predicted patient flow method has been argued by the literature of its advantages compared with the previous approaches, we took the predicted patient flow as a reference to compare with the other approaches.Data Extraction Methods: We selected the common diseases with a significant burden, and 11 diseases were included (902,767 hospitalizations).Principal Findings: The correlation coefficients of HHIs based on different market definition methods are all significantly greater than 0, and the coefficients of HHIs are different in identical regression models. Taking the predicted patient flow approach as a reference, we found that the correlation coefficients between HHIs based on fixed radius and predicted patient flow approach is larger than others, and their parameter estimates are all consistent.Conclusion: Although the HHIs based on different definition methods are significantly and positively correlated, the inferences about the effectiveness of market structure would be inconsistent when alternative market definition methods are employed. The fixed radius would be the best alternative when researchers want to use the predicted patient flow method to define the hospital market but are hindered by the data limitations and computational complexity.

scholarly journals MARKET COMPETITION AT THE LEVEL OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS DISTRIBUTION

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (391) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
N. A. Gerasymchuk ◽  
L.M. Stepasyuk ◽  
Z.M. Titenko ◽  
I.M. Yermolenko
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Market Concentration ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
High Level ◽  
Almost All

The article proved that in the context of European integration, the intensification of competition between producers becomes a major factor of the consolidation and unification of various economic entities, because this is one of the main ways to increase competitiveness, which in turn leads to market concentration. The investigation of the market structure, its type, and hence the economic processes occurring in it, is directly related to determining the state of the competitive environment, its assessment and study of the possibilities of restricting or developing competition. The article reveals the basic principles of development of agricultural enterprises, highlights the problems and prospects of their development in a competitive environment. The importance of concentration indicators in the context of the relationship between monopoly power and the level of concentration of sellers in the market is substantiated. Methodological aspects of using the market concentration index and the Herfindahl-Hirschman index are analysed; their advantages, disadvantages and possibilities of use in the process of market structure research, its type, state of competitive environment and degree of monopolization are revealed. In the process of research the concentration of agricultural markets, it was found that there was a moderate level in almost all types of products in Ukraine, only the pork market is highly concentrated. Analysis of the competitiveness of agricultural products shows that a significant market share is occupied by crops such as sunflower and corn. Studies show that there are certain types of products that have a high level of profitability, including rapeseed and barley, but they occupy a small market share. It is established that to ensure competitive production of agricultural products requires state support of the industry through the provision of tax and credit benefits to enterprises that implement modern business methods. Further prospects for the development of the agricultural sector in Ukraine have been identified.

scholarly journals Hopes and Visions: Business, Culture and Capacity for Imagining Local Future in Southeast Serbia

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ildiko Erdei
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Business Culture ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Real Effects ◽  
New Business ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Local Ngo

Knjaževac and its surroundings represent a local region that shares the destiny of the ‘global south’. The inhabitants perceive the region as neglected and forgotten by the state and political structures from the Belgrade ‘center’, claiming that Knjaževac is one of the poorest and most underdeveloped regions in Serbia. Nevertheless, in the last couple of years some fresh business and social development projects have been initiated, which has opened up prospects for imagining a new future for the local community. The aim of the paper will be to present the current state of affairs in the domain of economic development in the region and to point to the cultural dimension of that process. Following Appadurai, I argue that economic development can not be accomplished without the capacity to imagine the future, and this capacity, in turn, gets stronger as development plans gain their real effects. I will try to show how new business actors use common traditional cultural forms, such as belief in the skills and the power of fortunetellers, in imagining and legitimating a sense of self. I will also point to the other ways of evocation and "capturing" of the orientation toward future, as "project-oriented" thinking and acting of the local NGO, and "visionary" capacity reated to civic activism.

scholarly journals Strategic Management in Local Hospital Markets: Service Duplication or Service Differentiation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanh Q. Trinh
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
The United States ◽  
Service Differentiation ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Dyadic Relationship ◽  
American Hospital ◽  
Size Asymmetry

Abstract Background: The purpose of this study is to assess the influences of market structure on hospitals’ strategic decision to duplicate or differentiate services and to assess the relationship of duplication and differentiation to hospital performance. This study is different from previous research because it examines how a hospital decides which services to be duplicated or differentiated in a dyadic relationship embedded in a complex competitive network. Methods: We use Linear Structural Equations (LISREL) to simultaneously estimate the relationships among market structure, duplicated and differentiated services, and performance. All non-federal, general acute hospitals in urban counties in the United States with more than one hospital are included in the sample (n=1726). Forty-two high-tech services are selected for the study. Data are compiled from the American Hospital Association Annual Survey of Hospitals, Area Resource File, and CMS cost report files. State data from HealthLeaders-InterStudy for 2015 are also used.Results: The findings provide support that hospitals duplicate and differentiate services relative to rivals in a local market. Size asymmetry between hospitals is related to both service duplication (negatively) and service differentiation (positively). With greater size asymmetry, a hospital utilizes its valuable resources for its own advantage to thwart competition from rivals by differentiating more high-tech services and reducing service duplication. Geographic distance is positively related to service duplication, with duplication increasing as distance between hospitals increases. Market competition is associated with lower service duplication. Both service differentiation and service duplication are associated with lower market share, higher costs, and lower profits. Conclusions: The findings underscore the role of market structure as a check and balance on the provision of high-tech services. Hospital management should consider cutting back some services that are oversupplied and/or unprofitable and analyze the supply and demand in the market to avoid overdoing both service duplication and service differentiation.

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