scholarly journals The selection of laccase producing polypores fungi and inducer addition on the degradation of batik waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 948 (1) ◽  
pp. 012052
Author(s):  
A F Mantovany ◽  
I M Artika ◽  
YB Subowo
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Growth Medium ◽  
Laccase Activity ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Science Center ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
Waste Degradation ◽  
Potential Pollution ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Research on the selection of laccase producing polypores fungi and inducer addition on the degradation of batik waste has been carried out. The objectives of this study were to obtain isolates of polypores fungi with high laccase activity and data on the inducer effect in the batik waste degradation by selected isolate. Batik waste is potential pollution to the environment. It has been found that the Polyporaceae fungus reduce water pollution caused by batik waste. Fungal fruiting bodies were collected at the Cibinong Science Center and forest park IPB Campus Darmaga, Bogor. The inducers used included 15 g/L sucrose, 200 μM CuSO4, and 1.5% sorghum waste. Seven isolates of polypores fungi were obtained. Isolate J6 with high laccase activity was obtained and identified as Coriolopsis sp. The addition of sorghum waste to the growth medium increased the laccase activity of Coriolopsis sp. J6 by 1428 U/mL. Coriolopsis sp. J6 was able to reduce the color of Poly R-478 by 83.73% after the addition of sucrose and incubation for 10 days. This fungus was able to reduce the color of batik waste by 37.17% after the addition of 1.5% sorghum waste and incubation for 10 days.

scholarly journals Influence of growth medium composition on synthesis of bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties of selected strains of Arthrospira cyanobacteria

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 258-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tarko ◽  
A. Duda-Chodak ◽  
M. Kobus
Keyword(s):  
Growth Medium ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Efficient Synthesis ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Carotene Synthesis

We studied how the selection of the growth medium influences the antioxidant properties and synthesis of bioactive compounds (β-carotene, C-phycocyanin, allophycocyanin, and phycoerythrin) in six selected species of cyanobacteria of Arthrospira genus. For this purpose, cyanobacteria cultures were cultivated on a typical Zarrouk medium and on a cheaper substitute – RM6 medium. Significant differences were observed in the efficiency of synthesis of the studied compounds depending on the strain of cyanobacteria. The quantitative and qualitative composition of Zarrouk medium was more beneficial for β-carotene synthesis in the cells of all strains of cyanobacteria studied. This medium also allowed for the antioxidant potential of the studied strains to be increased. On the other hand, the RM6 medium, deprived of some mineral ingredients, enabled more efficient synthesis of phycobiliproteins in all studied strains except A. platensis SAG 85.79.  

scholarly journals Honokiol and Magnolol Production by in vitro Micropropagated Plants of Magnolia dealbata, an Endangered Endemic Mexican Species

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiola Domínguez ◽  
Marco Chávez ◽  
María Luisa Garduño-Ramírez ◽  
Víctor M. Chávez-Avila ◽  
Martín Mata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Medium ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Magnolia Dealbata ◽  
Selection Of

An efficient protocol for the in vitro propagation of Magnolia dealbata Zucc., an important medicinal plant that is the source of the anxiolytic and anticancer compounds honokiol and magnolol, was established. This plant is wild-crafted, and conservationists have expressed concerns with regard to the sustainability of production. In the present work, two factors were found to be of importance for the regeneration of M. dealbata and the production of honokiol and magnolol. These factors were the type of explants and the combination and concentration of plant-growth regulators. Green, compact, nodular organogenic callus was obtained from leaf explants in a medium fortified with Murashige and Skoog salts and supplemented with 1.5 mg/L 2,4-dicholorophenoxyacetic acid and 1.5 mg/L kinetin. Shoot multiplication from callus cultures was achieved in the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 1.5 mg/L thidiazuron (TDZ). Phenol secretion was controlled by the addition of 250 mg/L of activated charcoal. For rooting, shoots were transferred to MS medium supplemented with several auxins. After root induction, the plants were hardened in earthen pots containing sand, soil, and vermiculite. The contents of honokiol (HK) and magnolol (MG) were determined in different plant materials by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detection techniques. This analysis revealed that the honokiol and magnolol content in aerial and underground parts of micropropagated M. dealbata were higher than that observed in wild plants (both 6 months old). Our results suggest that conservation of M. dealbata is possible by means of in vitro multiplication of leaf-derived callus. The usefulness of M. dealbata regeneration and production of HK and MG may be attributed to the proper selection of explant sourcing and identification of the correct growth medium to support adequate growth. This careful selection of explants and growth medium leads to a very useful source of plant material for pharmacological and phytomedicinal screening applications and, above all, would safeguard this plant species from the threat of extinction.

scholarly journals Selection of Sphingomonadaceae at the Base of Laccaria proxima and Russula exalbicans Fruiting Bodies

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 1979-1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. Hidde Boersma ◽  
Jan A. Warmink ◽  
Fernando A. Andreote ◽  
Jan Dirk van Elsas
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Bulk Soil ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Laccaria Proxima ◽  
The Family ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT The dense hyphal network directly underneath the fruiting bodies of ectomycorrhizal fungi might exert strong influences on the bacterial community of soil. Such fruiting bodies might serve as hot spots for bacterial activity, for instance by providing nutrients and colonization sites in soil. Here, we assessed the putative selection of specific members of the Sphingomonadaceae family at the bases of the fruiting bodies of the ectomycorrhizal fungi Laccaria proxima and Russula exalbicans in comparison to the adjacent bulk soil. To do so, we used a previously designed Sphingomonadaceae-specific PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) system and complemented this with analyses of sequences from a Sphingomonadaceae-specific clone library. The analyses showed clear selective effects of the fruiting bodies of both fungi on the Sphingomonadaceae community structures. The effect was especially prevalent with R. exalbicans. Strikingly, similar fungi sampled approximately 100 m apart showed similar DGGE patterns, while corresponding bulk soil-derived patterns differed from each other. However, the mycospheres of L. proxima and R. exalbicans still revealed divergent community structures, indicating that different fungi select for different members of the Sphingomonadaceae family. Excision of specific bands from the DGGE patterns, as well as analyses of the clone libraries generated from both habitats, revealed fruiting body-specific Sphingomonadaceae types. It further showed that major groups from the mycospheres of R. exalbicans and L. proxima did not cluster with known bacteria from the database, indicating new groups within the family of Sphingomonadaceae present in these environments.

Design, Fabrication and Testing of Cooling Systems for a Particle Accelerator

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Bernardin ◽  
Walter C. Barkley ◽  
Jack Gioia ◽  
Pilar Marroquin
Keyword(s):  
Cooling System ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Particle Accelerator ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Large Structure ◽  
Science Center ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Water Cooling System ◽  
Selection Of

This paper discusses the design, analysis, and testing of a Water Cooling System (WCS) for a Drift Tube Linear (DTL) Particle Accelerator structure at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE). The DTL WCS removes large amounts of dissipated electrical energy in a very controlled manner to maintain a constant temperature of the large structure. First, the design concept and method of water temperature control is discussed. Second, the layout of the water cooling system, including the selection of plumbing components and instrumentation is presented. Next, the development of a numerical nodal network model, used to size the plumbing, pump, control valves, and mixing tank (heat exchanger), is discussed. Finally, empirical pressure, flow rate, and temperature data from a functioning DTL water cooling system are used to assess the water cooling system performance and validate the numerical model.

scholarly journals Seleksi Komposisi Medium Pertumbuhan dan Bahan Pembawa untuk Formulasi Cendawan Agens Hayati Fusarium oxysporum Non-Patogenik P21a

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Fany Juliarti Panjaitan ◽  
Suryo Wiyono ◽  
Rahayu Widyastuti
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Growth Medium ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Selection Of

Selection of Compositions of Growth Medium and Carriers for Formulation of Biological Agents of Non-Pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum P21aThe potency of non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum P21a (NPFo P21a) as a biological control agent has prospect to be developed commercially. The growth medium and carrier are the critical factor to formulate biological control. This study aimed to obtain the best solid medium dan lighting type for mycelium growth and sporulation as well as to determine the carrier and storage temperature which is suitable for NPFo P21a toward the survival of propagule and germination of shallot. The results showed that M2 medium treatment (rice grain:rice bran; 20:1 w/w) was the best medium for mycelium growth. The M3 medium treatment (20:2 w/w) was the best medium for sporulation of NPFo P21a. The near-UV lighting treatment was able to stimulate the macroconidium production of NPFo P21a. Talc-based formulation and the storage at 20 °C showed the best shelf-life for NPFo P21a with density of viable propagule and shallot germination better.

scholarly journals Biologically Active Aldehydes In Extracts Of Lactarius Pergamenus (Fr.) Fr Fresh Fruiting Bodies

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-131
Author(s):  
V.O. Antonyuk ◽  
L.V. Panchak ◽  
M.V. Tsivinska ◽  
R.S. Stoika
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Aromatic Amines ◽  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Vegetable Kingdom ◽  
Methylene Chloride Extract ◽  
Colored Compound ◽  
Selection Of

The biologically active aldehydes in extracts of fungi of the genus Lactarius were identified. It’s established that these substances are unstable, they are found in fresh and frozen fungi, but are absent in dried mushrooms and interact with 1,4-phenylenediamine to form a colored compound. Methylene chloride is the best extragent for these substances. TLC on silufol plates showed that there were several substances in Lactarius pergamenus fruiting bodies and they had varying degrees of stability. For selection of these substances, methylene chloride extract was separated on a column of silica gel. Fraction, which gave the most expressive reaction with 1,4-phenylenediamine on thin-layer chromatograms were analyzed by GC-MS both in the absence and in the presence of 1,4-phenylenediamine. As a result, it was found that 1,4-phenylenediamine or other aromatic amines interacted with highly active aldehydes, that were present in fruiting bodies. Among them 2,2-dimethylocta- 3,4-dienal was the most stable and was present in the biggest quantity. This substance very rarely occurs in the vegetable kingdom and in fungi extracts of Lactarius genus wasn’t previously described. Its possible function in fungi is prevention of damage by parasites and eating by animals.

scholarly journals Evolving social behaviour through selection of single-cell adhesion in Dictyostelium discoideum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrine Adiba ◽  
Mathieu Forget ◽  
Silvia De Monte
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Dictyostelium Discoideum ◽  
Experimental Evolution ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Social Success ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Selection Of

The social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum commonly forms chimeric fruiting bodies by aggregation of different strains. Genetic variants that produce a higher proportion of spores are predicted to undercut multicellular organization unless cooperators assort positively. Cell adhesion is considered a primary factor driving such assortment, but evolution of adhesion has not been experimentally connected to changes in social performance. In this study we modified by experimental evolution the properties of individual cells, selecting for higher and lower adhesion to substrate. We then quantified the effects of these changes on cell-cell adhesion, development, and social behaviour. Unlike strains selected based on relative reproductive success in the social stage, we found that in binary chimeras both derived strains produce a smaller fraction of spores than the ancestor. Thus, evolution appears to have produced social cooperators. Examination of development revealed that this is however achieved via two opposed paths. Cells selected to be more adhesive to the substrate disproportionately contribute to the structural stability of fruiting bodies, as one would expect for cooperators. On the contrary, less adhesive cells behave as cheaters that undermine their own success more than that of the ancestor. These differences are reflected by a metric for social success that generalizes the classically used variation in frequency during the multicellular phase. Our work shows that cell mechanical interactions can constrain evolution of development and assortment in chimeras, and calls for integrating cell-level processes in conceptualizing the emergence of multicellular organization.

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