scholarly journals Analysis of the suitability of rice farming land as an opportunity for determining the agricultural planting calendar in Ajibarang District, Banyumas Regency, Central Java Province

2022 ◽  
Vol 951 (1) ◽  
pp. 012028
Author(s):  
M Zid ◽  
R Handawati ◽  
N A F Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Large River ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Climate Zone ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Average Rainfall ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
One Year ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Ajibarang District is one of the areas in Banyumas Regency with a high level of productivity, but the decrease in rainfall in 2017-2019 caused Ajibarang District to have difficulty in developing their agriculture so that farmers experienced crop failure. The impact that occurs from crop failure causes the land to not be cultivated and if it is cultivated, farmers plant secondary crops. It is also greatly influenced by climate change that occurs. In fact, Ajibarang Subdistrict is included in the B2 Climate Zone with an average rainfall of 1000 - 2000 mm/year which is a climate zone business. The purpose of this study was to determine the opportunities for the rice planting that is very suitable for rice farming. In addition, the Ajibarang Sub-district is also drained by a large river, namely the Serayu River and the Tajum River which are tributaries of the river. So, it is necessary to adjust the climate to be able to determine a suitable planting calendar for agricultural calendar in Ajibarang District. Method The research used is the Forward Sampling and Backward Sampling analysis methods. So, the results of this study resulted in a rice and secondary cropping calendar with three planting seasons in one year and two dry seasons in one year.

scholarly journals Frost Hazard Assessment on Agricultural Land to Achieve Resilient Agriculture in Dieng Volcanic Highland, Central Java

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Aditya Pradana ◽  
Aida Mardiana ◽  
Fathimah Nur Lestari ◽  
Futuha Helen Sara ◽  
Sani Afifah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Hazard Level ◽  
Agricultural Resilience ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Dieng Volcanic Highland is one of the most intensive potato agricultural land in Indonesia, as well as frost disaster prone area. Frost indicated by appearance of frozen dew on the ground or vegetation surface due to cold temperatures during dry season. Frost causes damage to leaf tissue in potato plants, resulting crop failure and losses of up to tens of millions. Disaster management needs to be assess in order to achieve Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) on agricultural land. This research aims to identify frost hazard areas based on local physical characteristics, analyze frost impacts on agricultural land, and provide preparedness recommendation to reduce the impact of frost disasters in Dieng Volcanic Highland. Research was conducted in Dieng Village, Wonosobo and Dieng Kulon Village, Banjarnegara. Method to assess hazard level was performed by spatial mapping technology using ArcGIS and comprehensive analysis using frost assessment through combinations of geomorphology, land use, proximity to water bodies and weather aspects. Dieng Volcanic Highland has a 125.59 hectare frost hazard areas, as many as 58.4 hectares of hazard areas are dominated by high level, while 24.84 hectares are moderate level and 42.95 hectares are low level. Cropland dominated by potato commodity has the highest hazard level, frost incident causing agricultural commodities to wither to death so that farmers experience losses. Frost losses in Dieng have a range from 800 thousand rupiah to over 155 million rupiah and only destructive on potato farm. In order to encourage agricultural resilience and reduce the loss of frost disasters, effort of preparedness can be done by passively and actively methods. Passive methods includes site selection, early warning system, shifting commodities, cropland modification, and appropriate calendar planting. Active methods includes frost modification using heaters, blower and sprinkle irrigation, and cropland covering using mulch, plastic or nets.

Ethical Considerations and Practical Implications in Romanian Covid-19 Vaccination Campaign

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 156-157
Author(s):  
Petru Sandu ◽  
◽  
Maria Aluaș ◽  
Răzvan M. Cherecheș ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
One Year ◽  
High Level ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

"Besides its undoubtable significant contribution to morbidity and mortality worldwide, the COVID-19 pandemic has had numerous political, social, economic, and public health implications. Vaccination, an already long debated public health ethics theme, has reoccurred in force, as the efforts of the scientific community to curb the pandemic resulted in a viable vaccine less than one year since COVID-19 was declared a pandemic. High-level, international negotiations dictated states’ COVID-19 vaccine availability in the first few months, therefore each national Government had to develop and deploy vaccination campaigns prioritizing certain population categories. This paper aims to present Romanian COVID-19 vaccination campaign, from its inception to the present days, by focusing on the ethical considerations (e.g. prioritization, coercion, non-discrimination) and their practical implications ( e.g. vaccination hesitancy, rates, fake news). Like most countries in the European Community, Romania has initially adopted a Rawlsian approach to vaccination, prioritizing the older adults and the individuals with chronic conditions. However, unlike other European countries, coercion was not considered in any form (e.g. extended mobility facilities for the vaccinated), more recently incentives such as food vouchers being discussed. The impact of these decisions on the vaccination rates and hesitancy are discussed in the context of other European countries examples of vaccination campaigns. "

scholarly journals Modeling the Impact of High Temperature on Mortality in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 332
Author(s):  
Mushtaq Ahmad Khan Barakzai ◽  
S.M. Aqil Burney
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Average Rainfall ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Very High

The objective of this paper is to model and study the impact of high temperature on mortality in Pakistan. For this purpose, we have used mortality and climate data consisting of maximum temperature, variation in monthly temperature, average rainfall, humidity, dewpoint, as well as average air pressure in the country over the period from 2000 to 2019. We have used the Generalized Linear Model with Quasi-Poisson link function to model the number of deaths in the country and to assess the impact of maximum temperature on mortality. We have found that the maximum temperature in the country has a significant impact on mortality. The number of deaths in Pakistan increases as the maximum temperature increases. We found that, as the maximum temperature increase beyond 30 °C, mortality increases significantly. Our results indicate that mortality increases by 27% when the maximum temperature in the country increases from medium category to a very high level. Similarly, the number of deaths in the country increases by 11% when the temperature increases from medium temperature to high level. Furthermore, our study found that when the maximum temperature in the country decreases from a medium level to a low level, the number of deaths in the country decreases by 23%. This study does not consider the impact of other factors on mortality, such as age, medical conditions, gender, geographical location, as well as variability of temperature across the country.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF SHARE CROPPING SYSTEM ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF RICE FARMING IN CENTRAL JAVA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lestari Rahayu Waluyati ◽  
Jamhari ◽  
Abi Pratiwa Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Productivity Level ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Central Java ◽  
The Impact

The problem in rice production in Java is the decrease of agricultural land area, and the increase of old farmers, the share cropping system is a system of land tenure distribution that is mostly carried out in Java. The research was conducted in Klaten Regency as the centre for rice production in Central Java. This study aims to determine the management of rice farming using a share cropping system and factors that affect its productivity. The research involved 60 farmers as the research samples who were collected using multiple linear regression methods. The analysis revealed that the number of tenant farmers amounted to 38% with a relatively younger age and a land area of 0.7 ha. Economically, they live a decent life with revenue per cost 1.6 and profit per cost C 0.25, and a productivity level of 6.3 tons/ha, which is higher than the landowners are. The share cropping system in rice farming in Klaten Regency is a system of land use and labor that provides good incentives for the tenant

scholarly journals FENOLOGIA REPRODUTIVA DE RUBIACEAE JUSS. NA MATA ATLÂNTICA PARAIBANA

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (04) ◽  
pp. 834-848
Author(s):  
Letícia Keyla França de Andrade ◽  
◽  
Edito Romão da Silva Neto ◽  
Túlio de Sá ◽  
Zelma Glebya Maciel Quirino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Dispersal Syndromes ◽  
Average Rainfall ◽  
Seed Dispersal Syndromes ◽  
One Year ◽  
High Level ◽  
Vegetative Patterns

Phenological studies help determine the reproductive and vegetative patterns of plants, contributing to knowledge about dynamics in an environment. We studied the reproductive phenological patterns of five Rubiaceae species in an Atlantic Forest area, evaluating their seed dispersal syndromes and the effects of climatic variables on flowering and fruiting phenology. We monitored reproductive individuals of five species biweekly from February 2015 to February 2016 (one-year period). For each reproductive phenophase, we evaluated the Fournier index and intrapopulational synchronicity. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to determine possible correlations between phenological phenophases and rainfall, temperature and photoperiod. Seed dispersal syndromes were based on morphological analysis and Van der Pijl classification. The Rubiaceae community showed a continuous pattern of flowering and fruiting. However, when analysing phenological patterns by species, there was a higher concentration of phenophases and synchronicity of populations in the rainy season. Flowering and fruiting were positively correlated with temperature and historical average rainfall. Zoochory was the predominant seed dispersal syndrome, indicating the importance of the Rubiaceae family as a year-round resource for frugivorous communities. Temperature and rainfall regulate the reproductive phenophases similarly, resulting in a high level of synchrony between them.

scholarly journals One Year of Laboratory Based COVID-19 Surveillance System in Belgium: Main Indicators and Performance of the Laboratories

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjan Meurisse ◽  
Adrien Lajot ◽  
Yves Dupont ◽  
Marie Lesenfants ◽  
Sofieke Klamer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
First Year ◽  
Positivity Ratio ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Set Up ◽  
One Year ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

Abstract Background: With the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an existing national laboratory based surveillance system was adapted to daily monitor the epidemiological situation of SARS-CoV-2 in the Belgium by following the number of confirmed COVID-19 infections, the number of performed tests and the positivity ratio. We present these main indicators of the surveillance over a one-year period as well as the impact of the performance of the laboratories, regarding speed of processing the samples and reporting results, for surveillance.Methods: We describe the evolution of test capacity, testing strategy and the data collection methods during the first year of the epidemic in Belgium.Results: Between the 1th of March 2020 and the 28th of February 2021, 9,487,470 tests and 773,078 COVID-19 laboratory confirmed cases were reported. Two epidemic waves occurred, with a peak in April and October 2020. The capacity and performance of the laboratories improved continuously during 2020 resulting in a high level performance. Since the end of November 2020 90 to 95% of test results are reported at the latest the day after sampling was performed.Conclusions: Thanks to the effort of all laboratories a performant exhaustive national laboratory based surveillance system to monitor the epidemiological situation of SARS-CoV-2 was set up in Belgium in 2020. On top of expanding the number of laboratories performing diagnostics and significantly increasing the test capacity in Belgium, turnaround times between sampling and testing as well as reporting were optimized over the first year of this pandemic.

ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF CLIMATIC DROUGHTS ON VEGETATION IN AL-ANBAR GOVERNORATE (AL-JAZIRAH REGION) USING GIS

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-37
Author(s):  
K. K. J. Al-Esawi
Keyword(s):  
Summer Season ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The study of the drought phenomenon gets considerable attention in the recent applied climatic studies since it has an enormous effect on the environment. The drought has various impacts according to its strength and the capacity of society influence, besides it affects the vegetarian sources due to reducing the vegetarian. The reduction of the vegetation is correlated with the drought, and if the range of drought has raised the reduction of the vegetation is increased. This happens when the temperature is raised in the summer seasons or dropped. When the rain comes down, the vegetarians come to spring as it is the time of their growth, expand and density according to the amounts of rain to form thick vegetarian cover in wet seasons. There are three seasons; Autumn, winter, and spring as the range of rain are between 57-58% in the fields of the study area. Whereas in the drought seasons becomes between 41-42% in the same seasons. Applying the (SPI: Standardized-Precipitation Guide - Index) to evaluate the lack of rain with the exception of the summer season in which it is always dry. Consequently, we can find the relationship in plant covers via the years of study which shows a variable difference from one year to another. In 1993, the current category was weak as it reached 10240 km2, which constitutes 57.80% of the height of dry seasons. In 2017, there was the opposite of previous years due to the increase of the wet seasons which led to the increasing area of the dense variety to reach an area of 9804 km2 which constituted 55.28% of the study region

scholarly journals Seasonal Variation in Physicochemical Properties of Soil within the Vicinity of an Iron Smelting Factory - Implication on Standing Vegetation

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olusanya Abiodun OLATUNJI ◽  
Emmanuel Timilehin KOMOLAFE ◽  
Samson Olajide OKE
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Iron Smelting ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Properties Of Soil

This study examined the seasonal variations in the physicochemical properties of soil around the vicinity of an iron smelting factory in Fashina area, Ile-Ife, with the aim of monitoring the impact on the soil characteristics, nutrient availability and its possible consequence on the surrounding vegetation. Four study plots, each measuring 50 × 50 m were selected around the iron and smelting Factory. Soil samples were collected randomly and analysed during the rainy and dry seasons at a depth of 0-20 cm, representing the top soil using soil auger. The soil samples were analysed for particle size, soil texture, pH and availability of some basic soil nutrient such as nitrogen, organic carbon, potassium, phosphorus, etc. The study revealed that the physicochemical properties of soil in focus varied across the plots, which may be a consequence of the gradient created by the citing of iron smelting factory, but the data obtained did not significantly varied within the seasons. Furthermore, high organic matter was recorded in all the plots under study; this might be due to the fact that the study area was rich in clay. More clayey soils generally tend to contain higher levels of organic matter, mainly because of the tendency of clays to slow down microbial degradation of organic matter, as clays form clay-humus complexes with organic matter. Also, the heavy metal distribution varied within the two seasons, as most of the metals showed high level of concentration in the rainy season.

scholarly journals Factors and Impact of Rural Out-Migration in Assam

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1972-1980
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Sustainable Living ◽  
Food Crop Production ◽  
One Year ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cottage Industries

The present study attempts to measure the factors of rural out-migration and to assess the impact of rural out-migration on agriculture mainly on labour availability, crop yield and farm income on agriculture in origin areas of migration mainly of the Scheduled Tribes (ST) and Non-ST communities in Dibrugarh district, Assam due to the fact that there is continuous decline in agricultural cultivators, increase in the slum population and increase in the unemployment rate. A total of 150 samples were collected from the farm households with migrants for more than one year. The rural out-migration from the study areas were mainly dominated by male and mostly by married male migrants of the age-group of 25-34 years old with a monthly income in the range of ₹ 10,000-15,000 in the destination. The push factors such as unemployment, crop failure, lack of unemployment opportunities and pull factors such as better wage, continuous income etc play an important role in the rural out-migration. However, the ST community opines that soil erosion and poor housing condition is a major factor of rural out-migration as they reside near the river Buridehing and flood damages the houses and erodes the soil of the homeland areas of the houses that are just living beside the river and as result of which their homeland area decreases year after year. The ST people migrate to far off places whereas the Non-ST people migrate within the states of the study area. Remittances and the net sown area are the major factors of the impact on agriculture. The impact of rural out-migration is felt in negatively on the labour supply and positively on increase in the land area, increase in food crop production and vegetable production and increase in the flow of income of the household. The Non-ST community find tea plantation is an additional source of income for sustainable living. Migration can be checked if more focus is given on the creation of small and cottage industries along with the optimum utilization of the agricultural resources. Lastly, area-specific programme should be launched to absorb the local skill and unskilled people.

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