ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF CLIMATIC DROUGHTS ON VEGETATION IN AL-ANBAR GOVERNORATE (AL-JAZIRAH REGION) USING GIS

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-37
Author(s):  
K. K. J. Al-Esawi
Keyword(s):  
Summer Season ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The study of the drought phenomenon gets considerable attention in the recent applied climatic studies since it has an enormous effect on the environment. The drought has various impacts according to its strength and the capacity of society influence, besides it affects the vegetarian sources due to reducing the vegetarian. The reduction of the vegetation is correlated with the drought, and if the range of drought has raised the reduction of the vegetation is increased. This happens when the temperature is raised in the summer seasons or dropped. When the rain comes down, the vegetarians come to spring as it is the time of their growth, expand and density according to the amounts of rain to form thick vegetarian cover in wet seasons. There are three seasons; Autumn, winter, and spring as the range of rain are between 57-58% in the fields of the study area. Whereas in the drought seasons becomes between 41-42% in the same seasons. Applying the (SPI: Standardized-Precipitation Guide - Index) to evaluate the lack of rain with the exception of the summer season in which it is always dry. Consequently, we can find the relationship in plant covers via the years of study which shows a variable difference from one year to another. In 1993, the current category was weak as it reached 10240 km2, which constitutes 57.80% of the height of dry seasons. In 2017, there was the opposite of previous years due to the increase of the wet seasons which led to the increasing area of the dense variety to reach an area of 9804 km2 which constituted 55.28% of the study region

Organizational Conditions Affecting Withdrawal Intentions and Decisions as Moderated by Work Experience

1980 ◽  
Vol 46 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1223-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. La Rocco ◽  
Allan P. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
New Members ◽  
Organizational Conditions ◽  
Situational Characteristics ◽  
Initial Expectation ◽  
Withdrawal Decision ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Numerous studies of withdrawal from work organizations have considered demographic and other personal history characteristics of leavers. Relatively few of these studies have incorporated dynamic situational characteristics in their designs. In the present effort, the relationship between perceived characteristics of the work environment and stated intentions to reenlist were examined for two groups of first-term Navy enlistees: 198 with less than one year of active duty and less than six months of sea duty, and 516 personnel with more than one year of active duty and more than six months of sea time. It was hypothesized that: (a) the relationship between organizational conditions and intent to reenlist would be weaker for new members than for experienced men, (b) that new personnel would be most likely to change their intentions over time, and (c) that new personnel would quickly assimilate the beliefs, values, and perspectives of their more experienced co-workers. Hypothesis 1 was not supported although the pattern of relationships was in the predicted direction. Hypotheses 2 and 3 were supported. The authors discuss the need for research which emphasizes the impact of initial expectation and organizational socialization on the withdrawal decision process.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND SECURITY TOWARD TRUST AND ITS IMPACT ON REPURCHASE INTENTION (SURVEY ON CUSTOMER OF ELEVENIA ONLINE WEBSITE)

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 599
Author(s):  
Mohammad Rizan ◽  
Kemal Abu Bakar ◽  
Basrah Saidani
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Repurchase Intention ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of this research are to: examine empirically the effect of customer satisfaction to trust on customer, the impact of security to trust on customer, the impact of the customer satisfaction to repurchase intention on customer, the effect of security to repurchase intention on customer, the effect of trust to repurchase intention on customer, the effect of customer satisfaction to repurchase intention through trust as intervening variable on customer, the effect of security to repurchase intention through trust as intervening variable on customer of Elevenia website online. This research used survey methods for collecting data. The object of this research is 200 respondents who had purchased in Elevenia website online for a period of one year backward. This research used SPSS software version 22 and SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) LISREL version 8.7 for data analysis. Hypothesis testing showed that: the customer satisfaction has a positive effect and significance on trust, the security has a positive effect and significance on trust, the customer satisfaction has a positive effect and significance on repurchase intention, the security has a positive effect and significance on repurchase intention, the customer satisfaction has a positive effect and significance on repurchase intention through trust as intervening variable and the security has a positive effect and significance on repurchase intention through trust as intervening variable.   Keywords: Customer Satisfaction, Security, Trust, Repurchase Intention.

scholarly journals Hubungan Faktor Demografi Dan Dukungan Sosial Dengan Depresi Pascasalin

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurfatimah Nurfatimah ◽  
Cristina Entoh
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Postnatal depression is a mental disorder after the birth of her child and can last up to one year. Maternal postnatal mood disorder not an easy matter. The impact can be devastating life of the mother and her child. Currently there are many women who experienced postnatal depression but has not been detected. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between demographic factors and social support in postnatal depression in The Working Area Of Puskesmas Kayamanya.The design of this research is cross sectional. Research subjects were followed for 56 respondents ranging from childbirth to 7 days postnatal. The samples was chosen by using consequtive sampling. The instruments used in this research are the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and standard social support questionnaire. The results reveal that the age is not significantly associated with depression postnatal (p = 0.514) and education (p = 0.154); but it is significantly parity (p = 0.012); economic status (p = 0.030), social support include the family (p = 0.035); friends (p = 0.017); and midwives (p = 0.005). The multivariate analysis reveals that midwifes support (wald=4,236; p= 0,04) is the dominant factor causing postnatal depression.

scholarly journals Increased Risk of Graves´ophthalmopathy in Patients With Increasing TRAb After Radioiodine Treatment and the Impact of CTLA4 on TRAb Titres

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bushra Shahida ◽  
Kleoniki Tsoumani ◽  
Tereza Planck ◽  
Vijayachitra Modhukur ◽  
Pernilla Asp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Previous Treatment ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Graves Ophthalmopathy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Orbital Tissue ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Introduction. Treatment of Graves´ disease (GD) with radioiodine increases the risk of developing Graves´ ophthalmopathy (GO) but the link between thyroid and orbital tissue remains undefined.The aim was to investigate the relationship between GO and TRAb after treatment with radioiodine and to define the impact of risk genes.Methods. GD patients without ophthalmopathy or previous treatment with radioiodine were prospectively included at treatment with radioiodine for hyperthyroidism. A follow-up was performed one year later for registration of GO development. The study was performed at a University Hospital Clinic; referral center of all patients treated with radioiodine in the south of Sweden. The main outcome measures were development of TRAb, anti-TPO, anti-TG after three months and GO after 12 months and relationship to the genetic background (HLA, CTLA-4, CYR61).Results. Three months of radioiodine TRAb increased in two thirds of patients (p<0.0005) but not in the other third. Anti-TPO was associated with TRAb (R=0.362, p <0.0001) but not anti-TG. At follow-up one year later (n=204) 32 patients developed GO with a proportion of 70% in the group increasing in TRAb and 30 % in the group with unchanged or lower TRAb (p-value <0.0005). Patients with GO had higher levels of TRAb than patients without GO. CTLA-4 (rs231775 SNP) was significantly (p<0.005) associated with TRAb levels above the median three months after radioiodine.Conclusions. The increase in TRAb after treatment with radioiodine is associated with GO and a genetic variation in CTLA-4 is associated with higher levels of TRAb.

scholarly journals Analysis of the suitability of rice farming land as an opportunity for determining the agricultural planting calendar in Ajibarang District, Banyumas Regency, Central Java Province

2022 ◽  
Vol 951 (1) ◽  
pp. 012028
Author(s):  
M Zid ◽  
R Handawati ◽  
N A F Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Large River ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Climate Zone ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Average Rainfall ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
One Year ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Ajibarang District is one of the areas in Banyumas Regency with a high level of productivity, but the decrease in rainfall in 2017-2019 caused Ajibarang District to have difficulty in developing their agriculture so that farmers experienced crop failure. The impact that occurs from crop failure causes the land to not be cultivated and if it is cultivated, farmers plant secondary crops. It is also greatly influenced by climate change that occurs. In fact, Ajibarang Subdistrict is included in the B2 Climate Zone with an average rainfall of 1000 - 2000 mm/year which is a climate zone business. The purpose of this study was to determine the opportunities for the rice planting that is very suitable for rice farming. In addition, the Ajibarang Sub-district is also drained by a large river, namely the Serayu River and the Tajum River which are tributaries of the river. So, it is necessary to adjust the climate to be able to determine a suitable planting calendar for agricultural calendar in Ajibarang District. Method The research used is the Forward Sampling and Backward Sampling analysis methods. So, the results of this study resulted in a rice and secondary cropping calendar with three planting seasons in one year and two dry seasons in one year.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Influence of Urban Morphology on Urban Wind Environment Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Chia-An Ku ◽  
Hung-Kai Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Wind Environment ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Due to urbanization around the world, people living in urban areas have been suffering from a series of negative effects caused by changes in urban microclimate, especially when it comes to urban heat islands (UHIs). To mitigate UHIs, management of urban wind environments is increasingly considered as a crucial part of the process. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of wind fields has become a prevailing method to explore the relationship between morphological factors and wind environment. However, most studies are focused on building scale and fail to reflect the effects of comprehensive planning. In addition, the combined influence of different morphological factors on wind environment is rarely discussed. Therefore, this study tries to explore the relationship between urban morphology and wind environment in a new-town area. CFD method was applied to simulate the wind field, and 11 scenarios based on criteria according to existing literature, planning regulations and local characteristics were developed. The simulation results from different scenarios show that the impact of the five selected factors on wind speeds was non-linear, and the impact varied significantly among different areas of the study region. Simulation of the differences in regional wind speeds among different planning scenarios can provide strong decision-making support.

scholarly journals The Impact of a Time Gap on the Process of Building a Sustainable Relationship between Employee and Customer Satisfaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7446
Author(s):  
Lukasz Skowron ◽  
Marcin Gąsior ◽  
Monika Sak-Skowron
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Time Shift ◽  
Time Gap ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this paper is to describe the relationships between changes in employee indices (motivation and satisfaction) and customer indices (satisfaction and loyalty) in a single- and multi-term perspective. The article presents the results of primary research conducted in two industries (banking services and shopping centers) during three annual reference periods. The authors used the PLS-SEM method in the analytical process. The results of the research suggest that there is a strong relationship between changes in the areas of employee and customer satisfaction in the studied sectors, with a one-year time shift, which the authors called the “time gap”. In addition, it turned out that the strength of influence of the employee’s motivation level on customers is clearly lower than the strength of influence of the employee satisfaction. The occurrence of a “time gap” between employee and customer processes suggests that any changes introduced in the area of customer service as well as broadly understood human resource management policy need some time to become sustainable—to be noticed by the market and coded in the minds of the recipients of the offer as the new and currently applicable standard. The article makes a successful attempt at a long-term analysis of the relationship between employees and customers, assuming a time delay between both phenomena. As a result of the conducted research, it was possible to operationalize the discussed relationship in terms of strength and direction as well as the time shift.

A Study of the Relationship between a Going Concern Opinion and Its Financial Distress Metrics

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Desai ◽  
Joung W. Kim ◽  
Rajendra P. Srivastava ◽  
Renu V. Desai
Keyword(s):  
Search Engine ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Financial Viability ◽  
Going Concern ◽  
Going Concern Opinion ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT The primary objective of this paper is to employ search engine technology to investigate the relationship between first-time going concern opinions (GCOs) and the financial viability of the GCO recipients using delisting as a criterion rather than bankruptcy. The paper also investigates the impact of client distress factors on auditors' propensity to issue GCOs. The search engine enables us to examine the entire population of 10-K filings from 1995 to 2015 and also to obtain delisting data, which are not readily available in commercial databases. Contrary to prior research, we find that the survival rate of first-time GCOs is much lower when we use delisting as a measure of financial viability. Around 26 percent of the companies that receive their first GCOs are delisted within a period of one year of the audit opinion date, and 50 percent of the companies that receive their first GCOs are delisted within a period of three years. The bankruptcy rate of first-time GCO companies within one year is around 9 percent. Such evidence may prove useful to the PCAOB's effort to expeditiously assess the intended benefit of GCOs. In addition, we find that the propensity of auditors to issue GCOs varies for each distress factor.

scholarly journals Experiences of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Premanifest Huntington’s Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Fiona J.R. Eccles ◽  
David Craufurd ◽  
Alistair Smith ◽  
Rhys Davies ◽  
Kristian Glenny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Huntington’S Disease ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Emotional Management ◽  
Qualitative Component ◽  
One Year ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Psychological difficulties such as anxiety, depression, and irritability are common in Huntington’s disease, even for premanifest individuals. However, very little evidence exists of psychological approaches to manage this distress. We have conducted a feasibility study with an embedded qualitative component to investigate the possibility of using mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) and present here the findings from the qualitative data. Objective: To investigate the experience of premanifest individuals learning and practising mindfulness through completing a course of MBCT. Methods: Twelve premanifest individuals completed a course of MBCT and attended three follow up reunion meetings over the following year. Eleven participants agreed to be interviewed post-course and ten participants one year post-course about their experience of the course and any impact on their lives. Seven participants nominated a friend or relative (supporter) to be involved in the research, of whom six agreed to be interviewed post-course and two at one year about the impact of the course on the participants. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Four themes were constructed from the data: 1) A meeting of minds: the group facilitating learning and support; 2) Mindfulness is hard, but enables more effective emotional management; 3) Mindfulness can change the relationship with self and others; and 4) Benefiting from mindfulness: the importance of persistence. Conclusion: The participants who completed the course found it beneficial. Some participants reported reductions in psychological distress, a greater sense of calm and better emotion regulation, with some of these positive changes also noticed by supporters. MBCT is worthy of further investigation for this population.

scholarly journals Does the impact of IFRS on audit fees differ between early and late adopters?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Konadu Tawiah
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Audit Fees ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Early Adopters ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This study aims to examine whether the impact of international financial reporting standards (IFRS) on audit fees differs between early and late adopters. Design/methodology/approach The authors use robust econometric estimation on a sample of 314 firms from both early and late IFRS adopting countries. Findings The authors find that IFRS is positively and significantly associated with an increase in audit fees for early adopters, but the impact is very weak for late adopters and insignificant in some cases. The results on auditing time suggest that increase in audit fees around IFRS adoption is due to an increase in audit reporting lags. After accounting for pre- and post-years, the authors find that the relationship between IFRS and audit fees, as well as audit time for late adopters, is significant only in the adoption year. However, early adopters experience a significant increase in audit fees and audit time in the transition year to one-year post-adoption. Practical implications The findings imply that countries that are yet to adopt IFRS are less likely to experience a significant increase in audit fees audit time. Hence, is probable that the benefit of IFRS will outweigh the cost. Originality/value The results, therefore, suggest that early adopters paid a premium for been the first users of IFRS, which is consistent with any innovation. The study provides new insights by demonstrating that the consequences of IFRS differ between early and late adopters.

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