scholarly journals Investigations of physicochemical properties of bottom-ash materials for use them as secondary raw materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 012081 ◽  
Author(s):  
A G Mal'chik ◽  
S V Litovkin ◽  
P V Rodionov
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials

scholarly journals Obtaining higher fatty alcohols based on low molecular polyethylene and their useage as lubricating additives for diesel fuels

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 44-46
Author(s):  
Fozilov Hasan Sadriddin Ugli
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fatty Alcohols ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials

One of the ways to change the physicochemical properties of diesel fuels is to add so-called additives to it. The purpose of this work is to obtain higher fatty alcohols and the use of qualitatively new imported - substituted additives, synthesized on the basis of the use of local secondary raw materials, which is increases their efficiency.

scholarly journals Editorial for Special Issue “Minerals and Elements from Fly Ash and Bottom Ash as a Source of Secondary Raw Materials”

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 438
Author(s):  
Alexandra Guedes ◽  
Bruno Valentim
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Resource Efficiency ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Alternative Materials

The sustainability of primary resources depends on recycling, resource efficiency and the search for alternative materials [...]

scholarly journals Organizational, technical and economic fundamentals of waste management and monitoring

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 08031
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Velichko ◽  
Edward Tshovrebov ◽  
Ural Niyazgulov
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Regulation ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Renewable Raw Materials ◽  
Secondary Resources ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Level Of Use ◽  
Goals And Objectives

The article deals with issues of monitoring, planning, organizational and technical support, economic regulation and improving the efficiency of the infrastructure for processing, recycling and disposal of waste, resource conservation and management of secondary resources, their use as secondary raw materials for production, services, work and power generation. The Russian Federation has significant potential for economic growth due to the efficient use of secondary resources from billions of tons of generated production and consumption waste annually. These ecologically unsafe anthropogenic objects can be characterized as a source of valuable renewable raw materials, material and fuel and energy resources. However, the scale and level of use of various types of secondary resources are characterized by considerable unevenness and depend on the demand for secondary raw materials, the resource value of the waste, the environmental situation arising from treating them as environmental polluters, on the real economic conditions that determine the profitability of each specific type. economic activities that use secondary resources for the manufacture of products, works, services, energy production. The methods of monitoring the industry for the treatment, disposal and disposal of waste are: information-analytical, information-statistical, sociological, geo-information. The legal status of the monitoring system of the industry for the treatment, disposal and disposal of waste is determined by the limitations of its functionality within the framework of the goals and objectives facing it.

scholarly journals Study of the Incorporation of Biomass Bottom Ash as a Filler for Discontinuous Grading Bituminous Mixtures with Bitumen Emulsion

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3334
Author(s):  
Jorge Suárez-Macías ◽  
Juan María Terrones-Saeta ◽  
Francisco Javier Iglesias-Godino ◽  
Francisco Antonio Corpas-Iglesias
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Bituminous Mixtures ◽  
Bitumen Emulsion ◽  
Main Disadvantage ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Energy consumption, because of population development, is progressively increasing. For this reason, new sources of energy are being developed, such as that produced from the combustion of biomass. However, this type of renewable energy has one main disadvantage, the production of waste. Biomass bottom ash is a residue of this industry that currently has not much use. For this reason, this research evaluates its use as a filler in bituminous mixtures, since this sector also has a significant impact on the environment, as it requires large quantities of raw materials. With this objective, first, the physical and chemical properties of biomass bottom ashes were evaluated, verifying their characteristics for their use as filler. Subsequently, bituminous mixtures were conformed with biomass bottom ash as filler, and their physical and mechanical properties were analyzed through particle loss and Marshall tests. The results of these tests were compared with those obtained with the same type of mixture but with conventional and ophite aggregates. This study confirmed that biomass bottom ash was viable for use as a filler, creating mixtures with a higher percentage of bitumen, better mechanical behavior, and similar physical properties. In short, more sustainable material for roads was obtained with waste currently condemned to landfill.

Preparation of Alternative Hydraulic Binder Based on Secondary Raw Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 1000 ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Jiří Švec ◽  
Tomáš Opravil ◽  
Jiří Másilko
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hydraulic Lime ◽  
Combustion Gases ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Hydraulic Binder ◽  
Massive Scale

Reusing and recycling of secondary raw materials from high-volume industrial productions (especially form construction materials and binders fabrications) is very important way of conserving environment and it is also interesting from the economical point of view. The production of common hydraulic binders, especially Portland cement, burdens the environment with considerable amount of combustion gases and consumes energy in massive scale. Alternative (low – energy) binder can be used as Portland cement substitution in applications with lower mechanical properties requirements. Mined limestone wash sediments contain large amount of clay components, but there is also indispensable share of fine calcite. This composition makes these sediments a promising material for the preparation of hydraulic binders as Roman cement or hydraulic lime.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Properties of Handere Clays and Their Use as a Building Material

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasin Erdoğan
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Volcanic Glass ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Loss On Ignition ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Clay Deposits

Handere clay deposits were discovered at Adana in Turkey. These clay units primarily consist of uncoloured claystone, pebbly sandstone, sandstone, siltstone, and mudstone marl and include gypsum lenses and clay levels of various thicknesses in places. The physicochemical properties of these clays have been investigated by different techniques including Scanning Electron and Elemental Analysis (SEM and EDS), mineralogical analyses, chemical and physical analyses, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), and Atterberg (Consistency) Limits Test. The mineralogical composition deduced from XRD is wide (smectite + palygorskite + illite ± feldspar ± chlorite ± quartz ± calcite ± serpentine) due to the high smectite contents (≈85%). SEM studies reveal that smectite minerals are composed of irregular platy leaves and show honeycomb pattern in the form of wavy leaves in places. The leaves presenting an array with surface edge contact are usually concentrated in the dissolution voids and fractures of volcanic glass. Organic matter content and loss on ignition analysis of raw materials are good for all the studied samples. In summary, Handere clays can be used as building materials in bricks, roof tiles, and cement and as a binder.

STATE AND PROSPECTS OF PROCESSING OF SECONDARY RAW MATERIALS OF WINE-MAKING IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Osipova ◽  
O. Radionova ◽  
L. Tkachenko ◽  
T. Abramova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Wine Making ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Wide Range

The analysis of the current state of processing of secondary raw materials of wine-making in Ukraine is given. It is proved that the latter is a rich source of biologically active compounds, including phenolic ones, which makes it possible to use it for the production of a wide range of products (raccoon, polyphenol extracts, tartaric acid, beverages, fertilizers, grape oil, cake, vitamin D, animal feed, food powder, abrasives) with high consumer value for various industries: food, pharmaceutical, perfume and cosmetics, chemical, feed, etc. In the light of modern research, the role of phenolic compounds as essential nutrition factors that cannot remain out of the field of view of physiologists, pharmacologists, and food hygiene specialists is shown. However, currently in Ukraine there are no specialized enterprises for complex processing of secondary raw materials of winemaking; traditional technologies are not effective from a technological, economic and environmental point of view, which indicates not rational use of resources and loss of material resources; there are no systematic studies on physical and chemical, microbiological, Toxicological composition in order to determine the optimal direction of its use. A limiting factor is also the lack of comparative analysis of innovative domestic and foreign technologies for processing secondary raw materials of winemaking. In the vast majority of cases, in particular, combs and pomace are taken out of control to agricultural land without special treatment, which leads to acid soil erosion and pollution of the environment with metabolites of micromycetes, increasing one of the global problems of mankind-environmental. At the present stage of technological development, there are a number of innovative developments in the field of processing secondary raw materials, in particular grape pomace, in order to obtain biologically active additives, the limiting factor for the introduction of which is the lack of domestic and expensive imported equipment. A promising way to solve the existing problems is to create a mechanism that will unite the interests of wineries (producers of secondary raw materials of winemaking), processing enterprises (producers of products from secondary raw materials of winemaking), scientists and potential consumers of innovative products. Consolidation of the above-mentioned institutions and enterprises is possible by creating clusters for the development and implementation of innovative technologies and equipment

ISOLATION OF PECTIN SUBSTANCES FROM THE PODS OF LEGUMINOUS CULTURES

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
М.М. ПИВЕНЬ ◽  
Л.Я. РОДИОНОВА ◽  
А.В. СТЕПОВОЙ ◽  
С.М. ГОРЛОВ
Keyword(s):  
Total Mass ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Leguminous Crops ◽  
Pectin Substances

Исследованы створки зернобобовых культур с целью использования их в качестве источника пектиновых веществ (ПВ). Качественные показатели створок зернобобовых культур гороха и нута составили, % содержания: белка 5 и 15; жиров 1,5 и 1,8; клетчатки 46 и 40 соответственно. Содержание растворимого пектина в створках обеих культур не достигает 0,5%: 0,43 (горох) и 0,47 (нут). Количество протопектина в створках гороха и нута от общей массы составило около 95%, что позволяет отнести эти пектины к высокоэтерифицированным. Установлена необходимость предварительной температурной обработки створок плодов зернобобовых культур для максимального сохранения ПВ в сырье в процессе хранения. Потери ПВ обработанных створок зернобобовых составили 5–10% в процессе хранения 7 мес. Необработанные створки зернобобовых в течение того же срока хранения потеряли 30–35% ПВ. Установлена величина гидромодуля 1 : 10 при проведении режимов гидролиза-экстрагирования. Определены размеры частиц (3–4 мм) при измельчении створок зернобобовых культур для проведения гидролиза-экстрагирования. На основании полученных данных сделан вывод о перспективе использования вторичного сырья зернобобовых культур как источника пектиновых веществ. The secondary raw materials of leguminous crops for the purpose of their use as a source of pectin substances (PS) are investigated. Qualitative indicators of the pods of leguminous cultures of peas and chickpeas were, % of the content: protein 5 and 15; fats 1,5 and 1,8; fibers 46 and 40, respectively. The content of soluble pectin in the pods of both cultures does not reach 0,5%: 0,43 (peas) and 0,47 (chickpeas). The amount of protopectin in the pea and chickpea pods from the total mass was about 95%, which makes it possible to classify these pectins as highly esterified. The necessity of pre temperature treatment of pods of leguminous crops for maximum preservation of PS in raw materials during storage is established. Losses of treated pods of leguminous were 5–10% during storage for 7 months. Untreated pods of legumes during the same period of storage lost 30–35% of PS. The value of the hydraulic module 1 : 10 during the hydrolysis extraction regimes was established. The sizes of particles (3–4 mm) at grinding of pods of leguminous cultures for carrying out hydrolysis extraction are defined. On the basis of the obtained data the conclusion is drawn on the prospect of use of secondary raw materials of leguminous cultures as source of pectin substances.

Adhesives for the Installation of Cast Basalt Elements on Metal and Comparison of Properties when Using Different Types of Fillers

2021 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Jakub Hodul ◽  
Tomáš Žlebek ◽  
Lenka Mészárosová ◽  
Aleš Jakubík ◽  
Rostislav Drochytka
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mineral Admixtures ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Organic Additives ◽  
Metal Base ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Ecological Benefit ◽  
Different Types

The polymeric adhesives for the installation of basalt elements on a metal base are designed primarily for environments with increased chemical and mechanical stress. They are composed of polymer resins (epoxy, polyurethane) as binders, as well as organic additives and mineral admixtures that mainly fulfill the function of filler. In all sectors of today's construction industry, maximum efficiency in the production of materials is required for sustainability purposes, which, however, must never be at the expense of the quality or the required performance. Due to these requirements, great emphasis is placed on the maximum use of secondary raw materials. Talc is used as the primary filler for polymer adhesives. Sawdust, tire rubber, and fly ash are used as secondary raw materials. The use of these in building supplies can positively affect some physical and mechanical properties of polymeric adhesives. Also, the use of secondary raw materials has the above-mentioned ecological benefit. Basic properties, such as bulk density and adhesion to both metallic and basalt elements, were monitored. The details of the cohesion of the adhesive with the bonded material, as well as the distribution of secondary raw materials in the polymer matrix, were assessed microscopically.

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