Printed Zinc Tin Oxide Diodes: From Combustion Synthesis to Large-Scale Manufacturing

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel Carlos ◽  
Rita Branquinho ◽  
Elina Jansson ◽  
Jaakko H Leppaniemi ◽  
José Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Solution Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
Zinc Tin Oxide

Abstract Printed metal oxide devices have been widely desired in flexible electronic applications to allow direct integration on foils and to reduce electronic waste and associated costs. Especially, semiconductor devices made from non-critical raw materials, such as Zn, Sn (and not, for example, In), have gained much interest. Despite considerable progress in the field, the upscale requirements from lab to fab scale to produce these materials and devices remain a challenge. In this work, we report the importance of solution combustion synthesis (SCS) when compared with sol-gel in the production of zinc tin oxide (ZTO) thin films using a solvent (1-methoxypropanol) that has lower environmental impact than the widely used and toxic 2-methoxyethanol. To assure the compatibility with low-cost flexible substrates in high-throughput printing techniques, a low annealing temperature of 140 ºC was achieved for these thin films by combining SCS and infrared (IR) annealing in a short processing time. These conditions allowed the transition from spin-coating (lab scale) to flexographic printing (fab scale) at a printing speed of 10 m/min in a roll-to-roll (R2R) pilot line. The ZTO (1:1 Zn:Sn-ratio) diodes show a rectification ratio of 103, a low operation voltage (≤ 3 V), promising reproducibility and low variability. The results provide the basis for further optimization (device size, encapsulation) to meet the requirements of diodes in flexible electronics applications such as passive-matrix addressing, energy harvesting and rectification.

scholarly journals Study of Green and Chemical Methods for Synthesis of Nano Spinel MgFe2O4 and its Study on Degradation of Rose Bengal Dye

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-507
Author(s):  
Krushitha Shetty ◽  
B.S. Prathibha ◽  
Dinesh Rangappa ◽  
K.S. Anantharaju ◽  
H.P. Nagaswarupa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Rose Bengal ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Solution Combustion Synthesis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rose Bengal Dye

MgFe2O4 nanoferrites were synthesized by sol-gel and solution combustion synthesis (SCS) methods through green and chemical methods. Green and chemical methods for sol-gel were processed with use of lemon extract and citric acid, respectively. A green and chemical method for solution combustion synthesis was followed by using Phyllanthus acidus leaf extract and urea, respectively. The influence of synthesis approach on the behaviour of prepared nanoferrites were studied using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV visible spectroscopy, vast variation in particle size, crystallinity, electrochemical and photocatalytic activity of the nanoferrites synthesized by various methods were witnessed. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) result of prepared nanoferrites acquired by green and chemical approaches clarified phase structure as spinel and the crystalline size found to be around 11-24 nm. The spinel surface morphology was witnessed for the synthesized nanoferrites. The tetrahedral and octahedral sites of the prepared nanoferrites were confirmed by FTIR spectra. MgFe2O4 nanoferrites synthesized by green sol-gel approach exposed superior electrochemical activity by possessing very less charge transfer resistance. The results of EIS were correlated with the photocatalytic degradation of Rose Bengal dye. Photocatalytic property of the prepared nanoferrites was examined for photodegradation of Rose Bengal dye under UV-light.

scholarly journals Solution Combustion Synthesis of Transparent Conducting Thin Films for Sustainable Photovoltaic Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Ullah ◽  
Rita Branquinho ◽  
Tiago Mateus ◽  
Rodrigo Martins ◽  
Elvira Fortunato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Solution Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
Solution Processed ◽  
Transparent Conducting

Sunlight is arguably the most promising continuous and cheap alternative sustainable energy source available at almost all living places of the human world. Photovoltaics (PV) is a process of direct conversion of sunlight into electricity and has become a technology of choice for sustainable production of cleaner and safer energy. The solar cell is the main component of any PV technology and transparent conducting oxides (TCO) comprising wide band gap semiconductors are an essential component of every PV technology. In this research, transparent conducting thin films were prepared by solution combustion synthesis of metal oxide nitrates wherein the use of indium is substituted or reduced. Individual 0.5 M indium, gallium and zinc oxide source solutions were mixed in ratios of 1:9 and 9:1 to obtain precursor solutions. Indium-rich IZO (A1), zinc-rich IZO (B1), gallium-rich GZO (C1) and zinc-rich GZO (D1) thin films were prepared through spin coating deposition. In the case of A1 and B1 thin films, electrical resistivity obtained was 3.4 × 10−3 Ω-cm and 7.9 × 10−3 Ω-cm, respectively. While C1 films remained insulating, D1 films showed an electrical resistivity of 1.3 × 10−2 Ω-cm. The optical transmittance remained more than 80% in visible for all films. Films with necessary transparent conducting properties were applied in an all solution-processed solar cell device and then characterized. The efficiency of 1.66%, 2.17%, and 0.77% was obtained for A1, B1, and D1 TCOs, respectively, while 6.88% was obtained using commercial fluorine doped SnO2: (FTO) TCO. The results are encouraging for the preparation of indium-free TCOs towards solution-processed thin-film photovoltaic devices. It is also observed that better filtration of precursor solutions and improving surface roughness would further reduce sheet resistance and improve solar cell efficiency.

scholarly journals One-step solution combustion synthesis of K0.5Na0.5NbO3 powders at a large-scale

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (15) ◽  
pp. 18279-18284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Sheng ◽  
Cheng-gong Han ◽  
Chunyu Zhu ◽  
Tomohiro Akiyama
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Solution Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
One Step

scholarly journals Thermal Analysis of Metal-Organic Precursors for Functional Cu:ΝiOx Hole Transporting Layer in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells: Role of Solution Combustion Chemistry in Cu:ΝiOx Thin Films Processing

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3074
Author(s):  
Apostolos Ioakeimidis ◽  
Ioannis T. Papadas ◽  
Eirini D. Koutsouroubi ◽  
Gerasimos S. Armatas ◽  
Stelios A. Choulis
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Solution Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
Annealing Temperatures

Low temperature solution combustion synthesis emerges as a facile method for the synthesis of functional metal oxides thin films for electronic applications. We study the solution combustion synthesis process of Cu:NiOx using different molar ratios (w/o, 0.1 and 1.5) of fuel acetylacetone (Acac) to oxidizer (Cu, Ni Nitrates) as a function of thermal annealing temperatures 150, 200, and 300 °C. The solution combustion synthesis process, in both thin films and bulk Cu:NiOx, is investigated. Thermal analysis studies using TGA and DTA reveal that the Cu:NiOx thin films show a more gradual mass loss while the bulk Cu:NiOx exhibits a distinct combustion process. The thin films can crystallize to Cu:NiOx at an annealing temperature of 300 °C, irrespective of the Acac/Oxidizer ratio, whereas lower annealing temperatures (150 and 200 °C) produce amorphous materials. A detail characterization study of solution combustion synthesized Cu:NiOx, including XPS, UV-Vis, AFM, and Contact angle measurements, is presented. Finally, 50 nm Cu:NiOx thin films are introduced as HTLs within the inverted perovskite solar cell device architecture. The Cu:NiOx HTL annealed at 150 and 200 °C provided PVSCs with limited functionality, whereas efficient triple-cation Cs0.04(MA0.17FA0.83)0.96 Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3-based PVSCs achieved for Cu:NiOx HTLs for annealing temperature of 300 °C.

Hydrogen Production from Thermochemical Water-Splitting Using Ferrites Prepared by Solution Combustion Synthesis

2014 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
I. Walters ◽  
R. Shende ◽  
J.A. Puszynski
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Spinel Ferrite ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Solution Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Ferrite Powder ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
Thermochemical Cycles

Currently, there are several methods to produce spinel ferrite powder material such as sol-gel synthesis, self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS), aerosol spray pyrolysis, and solution combustion synthesis (SCS). These methods have been shown to produce nominally phase pure ferrites for use in hydrogen generation by thermochemical water-splitting. Among these methods, the ferrites derived by SCS have not been fully investigated for hydrogen generation from thermochemical water-splitting. SCS, in general, has several advantages such as it being a simple synthesis that can be done relatively quickly and produces materials with high specific surface area. In this study, nickel, zinc, cobalt, and manganese ferrites were synthesized using SCS and analyzed by XRD, BET, and SEM. Each ferrite material was placed inside an Inconel tubular reactor and five consecutive thermochemical cycles to determine hydrogen production. The regeneration and water-splitting temperatures were performed with water-splitting and regeneration temperatures of 900°C and 1100°C, respectively. Nickel ferrite produced significantly higher average hydrogen volume as compared to the other ferrites over the five thermochemical cycles. However, all four ferrites showed a decrease in hydrogen volume generation with increase in consecutive water-splitting cycle, which could be due to the grain growth as observed by BET and SEM analyses.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document