scholarly journals Thermal Analysis of Metal-Organic Precursors for Functional Cu:ΝiOx Hole Transporting Layer in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells: Role of Solution Combustion Chemistry in Cu:ΝiOx Thin Films Processing

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3074
Author(s):  
Apostolos Ioakeimidis ◽  
Ioannis T. Papadas ◽  
Eirini D. Koutsouroubi ◽  
Gerasimos S. Armatas ◽  
Stelios A. Choulis
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Solution Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
Annealing Temperatures

Low temperature solution combustion synthesis emerges as a facile method for the synthesis of functional metal oxides thin films for electronic applications. We study the solution combustion synthesis process of Cu:NiOx using different molar ratios (w/o, 0.1 and 1.5) of fuel acetylacetone (Acac) to oxidizer (Cu, Ni Nitrates) as a function of thermal annealing temperatures 150, 200, and 300 °C. The solution combustion synthesis process, in both thin films and bulk Cu:NiOx, is investigated. Thermal analysis studies using TGA and DTA reveal that the Cu:NiOx thin films show a more gradual mass loss while the bulk Cu:NiOx exhibits a distinct combustion process. The thin films can crystallize to Cu:NiOx at an annealing temperature of 300 °C, irrespective of the Acac/Oxidizer ratio, whereas lower annealing temperatures (150 and 200 °C) produce amorphous materials. A detail characterization study of solution combustion synthesized Cu:NiOx, including XPS, UV-Vis, AFM, and Contact angle measurements, is presented. Finally, 50 nm Cu:NiOx thin films are introduced as HTLs within the inverted perovskite solar cell device architecture. The Cu:NiOx HTL annealed at 150 and 200 °C provided PVSCs with limited functionality, whereas efficient triple-cation Cs0.04(MA0.17FA0.83)0.96 Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3-based PVSCs achieved for Cu:NiOx HTLs for annealing temperature of 300 °C.

scholarly journals Solution Combustion Synthesis of Transparent Conducting Thin Films for Sustainable Photovoltaic Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Ullah ◽  
Rita Branquinho ◽  
Tiago Mateus ◽  
Rodrigo Martins ◽  
Elvira Fortunato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Solution Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Optical Transmittance ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
Solution Processed ◽  
Transparent Conducting

Sunlight is arguably the most promising continuous and cheap alternative sustainable energy source available at almost all living places of the human world. Photovoltaics (PV) is a process of direct conversion of sunlight into electricity and has become a technology of choice for sustainable production of cleaner and safer energy. The solar cell is the main component of any PV technology and transparent conducting oxides (TCO) comprising wide band gap semiconductors are an essential component of every PV technology. In this research, transparent conducting thin films were prepared by solution combustion synthesis of metal oxide nitrates wherein the use of indium is substituted or reduced. Individual 0.5 M indium, gallium and zinc oxide source solutions were mixed in ratios of 1:9 and 9:1 to obtain precursor solutions. Indium-rich IZO (A1), zinc-rich IZO (B1), gallium-rich GZO (C1) and zinc-rich GZO (D1) thin films were prepared through spin coating deposition. In the case of A1 and B1 thin films, electrical resistivity obtained was 3.4 × 10−3 Ω-cm and 7.9 × 10−3 Ω-cm, respectively. While C1 films remained insulating, D1 films showed an electrical resistivity of 1.3 × 10−2 Ω-cm. The optical transmittance remained more than 80% in visible for all films. Films with necessary transparent conducting properties were applied in an all solution-processed solar cell device and then characterized. The efficiency of 1.66%, 2.17%, and 0.77% was obtained for A1, B1, and D1 TCOs, respectively, while 6.88% was obtained using commercial fluorine doped SnO2: (FTO) TCO. The results are encouraging for the preparation of indium-free TCOs towards solution-processed thin-film photovoltaic devices. It is also observed that better filtration of precursor solutions and improving surface roughness would further reduce sheet resistance and improve solar cell efficiency.

scholarly journals A Physical Chemistry Study of Black Powder Materials by Solution Combustion Synthesis Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-103
Author(s):  
Fitria Hidayanti ◽  
Kiki R. Lestari ◽  
Nano Sujani ◽  
Jarot Raharjo
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Lanthanum Oxide ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Solution Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Synthesis Temperature ◽  
Powder Sample ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
Black Powder ◽  
X Ray

A study on the synthesis of black powder (La2NiO4) material using the solution combustion synthesis method at a variation of synthesis temperature of 60, 70, and 80°C was carried out. It produces a mass of black powder of 2 grams by four times of synthesis process. Then, material characterization was performed on the black powder samples obtained by using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) to determine the phases formed, Scanning Electron Microscopy - Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) to determine the morphology and analyze the composition elemental on the microscale and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) to determine chemical bonds. From the whole black powder sample, XRD analysis showed the phases of Dilantanum Nickel Tetraoxide (La2NiO4), Nickel Oxide (NiO), Lanthanum Oxide (La2O3), and Lanthanum Oxide Ht x-form (La2O3 Ht (x-form)). In addition, it was seen from the visible compositions of the phases that the NiO phase looks more dominant and the variation of the synthesis temperature shows that the La2O3 phase was increasing. This was supported by the EDS analysis, which showed that the EDS spectrum contains elements La, Ni, and O where the element O indicates that oxidation occurs in the elements Ni and La. On the other hand, the SEM analysis results confirm that the black powder sample contains the elements La and Ni, based on the high and low electron images contained in the morphology of the black powder sample. In addition, it was also known that the particles in the black powder sample were micron size and had porous morphology. This occurs due to rapid thermal decomposition events and excessive gas development. In addition, FTIR analysis showed that the O-H bond had been reduced and there are still C-O and C-H bonds indicating the presence of organic elements possessed by glycine.

Thermoluminescence Properties of Novel La2O3 Phosphor Obtained by Solution Combustion Synthesis

2010 ◽  
Vol 1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. R. Orante-Barrón ◽  
C. Cruz-Vázquez ◽  
R. Bernal ◽  
G. Denis ◽  
E. G. Yukihara
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Hexagonal Phase ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Solution Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Beta Radiation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
Annealed Powder ◽  
Powder Samples ◽  
First Time

AbstractThermoluminescence (TL) of La2O3 is reported for the first time. Novel La2O3 phosphor was obtained by solution combustion synthesis (SCS) in which a redox combustion process between lanthanum nitrate and urea at 500 °C is accomplished. The powder samples obtained were annealed at 900 °C during 2 h in air. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) results showed the hexagonal phase of La2O3 for annealed powder samples. The TL glow curve obtained after exposure to beta radiation of these samples, displayed two maxima located at ˜ 101 °C and ˜ 200 °C, and a shoulder at ˜ 247 °C. Results from experiments such as dose response and fading showed that annealed La2O3 powder obtained by SCS is a promising material for radiation dosimetry applications.

Printed Zinc Tin Oxide Diodes: From Combustion Synthesis to Large-Scale Manufacturing

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel Carlos ◽  
Rita Branquinho ◽  
Elina Jansson ◽  
Jaakko H Leppaniemi ◽  
José Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Solution Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
Zinc Tin Oxide

Abstract Printed metal oxide devices have been widely desired in flexible electronic applications to allow direct integration on foils and to reduce electronic waste and associated costs. Especially, semiconductor devices made from non-critical raw materials, such as Zn, Sn (and not, for example, In), have gained much interest. Despite considerable progress in the field, the upscale requirements from lab to fab scale to produce these materials and devices remain a challenge. In this work, we report the importance of solution combustion synthesis (SCS) when compared with sol-gel in the production of zinc tin oxide (ZTO) thin films using a solvent (1-methoxypropanol) that has lower environmental impact than the widely used and toxic 2-methoxyethanol. To assure the compatibility with low-cost flexible substrates in high-throughput printing techniques, a low annealing temperature of 140 ºC was achieved for these thin films by combining SCS and infrared (IR) annealing in a short processing time. These conditions allowed the transition from spin-coating (lab scale) to flexographic printing (fab scale) at a printing speed of 10 m/min in a roll-to-roll (R2R) pilot line. The ZTO (1:1 Zn:Sn-ratio) diodes show a rectification ratio of 103, a low operation voltage (≤ 3 V), promising reproducibility and low variability. The results provide the basis for further optimization (device size, encapsulation) to meet the requirements of diodes in flexible electronics applications such as passive-matrix addressing, energy harvesting and rectification.

Characteristics of Porous YAG:Ce Nano-Powders Phosphor Fabricated by a Solution Combustion Synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 4886-4890
Author(s):  
Choong-Hwan Jung ◽  
Young-Min Han ◽  
Sang-Jin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Solution Combustion Synthesis ◽  
Spontaneous Ignition ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Firing Process ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
Reaction Heat ◽  
Nano Powder

A cerium-doped YAG (Y3Al5O12) phosphor is used as a rare-earth element phosphor for blue light absorption and yellow light emission for a white light source. A solution combustion synthesis, which is a method for producing nano-powder, is a reaction that is spontaneous ignition by reaction heat released through oxidation/reduction reaction between metal nitrate and fuel. Since the reaction speed is fast and it does not go through a separate firing process, it is a method of easily synthesizing nano-powder by simple process. In this study, YAG:Ce nano-powders were prepared by using various fuels in the combustion synthesis method. Depending on the kind of the additive fuel, the reaction of the combustion synthesis process was different, and the shape of the powder particles according to the fuels was also different. The agglomerated particles of nanoparticles were observed and the characteristics of YAG:Ce powders synthesized under various conditions were analyzed.

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