scholarly journals High mobility SiMOSFETs fabricated in a full 300 mm CMOS process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Camenzind ◽  
Asser Elsayed ◽  
Fahd Mohiyaddin ◽  
Ruoyu Li ◽  
Stefan Kubicek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Quantum Information Processing ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Material Optimization ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract The quality of the semiconductor-barrier interface plays a pivotal role in the demonstration of high quality reproducible quantum dots for quantum information processing. In this work, we have measured SiMOSFET Hall bars on undoped Si substrates in order to investigate the device quality. For devices fabricated in a full CMOS process and of very thin oxide below a thickness of \unit[10]{nm}, we report a record mobility of \unit[$17.5\times 10^{3}$]{cm$^2$/Vs} indicating a high quality interface, suitable for future qubit applications. We also study the influence of gate materials on the mobilities and discuss the underlying mechanisms, giving insight into further material optimization for large scale quantum processors.

Thermal Laser Separation – A Novel Dicing Technology Fulfilling the Demands of Volume Manufacturing of 4H-SiC Devices

2015 ◽  
Vol 821-823 ◽  
pp. 528-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Lewke ◽  
Karl Otto Dohnke ◽  
Hans Ulrich Zühlke ◽  
Mercedes Cerezuela Barret ◽  
Martin Schellenberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Process Control ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Laser Separation

One challenge for volume manufacturing of 4H-SiC devices is the state-of-the-art wafer dicing technology – the mechanical blade dicing which suffers from high tool wear and low feed rates. In this paper we discuss Thermal Laser Separation (TLS) as a novel dicing technology for large scale production of SiC devices. We compare the latest TLS experimental data resulting from fully processed 4H-SiC wafers with results obtained by mechanical dicing technology. Especially typical product relevant features like process control monitoring (PCM) structures and backside metallization, quality of diced SiC-devices as well as productivity are considered. It could be shown that with feed rates up to two orders of magnitude higher than state-of-the-art, no tool wear and high quality of diced chips, TLS has a very promising potential to fulfill the demands of volume manufacturing of 4H-SiC devices.

scholarly journals Design and Demonstration of Large Scale Cu2O Photocathodes with Metal Grid Structure for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 7422
Author(s):  
Min-Kyu Son
Keyword(s):  
Water Splitting ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Grid Structure ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Intrinsic Conductivity ◽  
Metal Grid ◽  
Splitting System ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Better Than

Upscaling of photoelectrode for a practical photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting system is still challenging because the PEC performance of large-scale photoelectrode is significantly low, compared to the lab scale photoelectrode. In an effort to overcome this challenge, sputtered gold (Au) and copper (Cu) grid lines were introduced to improve the PEC performance of large-scale cuprous oxide (Cu2O) photocathode in this work. It was demonstrated that Cu grid lines are more effective than Au grid lines to improve the PEC performance of large-scale Cu2O photocathode because its intrinsic conductivity and quality of grid lines are better than ones containing Au grid lines. As a result, the PEC performance of a 25-cm2 scaled Cu2O photocathode with Cu grid lines was almost double than one without grid lines, resulting in an improved charge transport in the large area substrate by Cu grid lines. Finally, a 50-cm2 scaled Cu2O photocathode with Cu grid lines was tested in an outdoor condition under natural sun. This is the first outdoor PEC demonstration of large-scale Cu2O photocathode with Cu grid lines, which gives insight into the development of efficient upscaled PEC photoelectrode.

scholarly journals Scientific and practical fundamentals of growing cabbage (Brassica capitata lizg.) in Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 939 (1) ◽  
pp. 012044
Author(s):  
A J Shokirov ◽  
S S Lapasov ◽  
K J Shokirov
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Biological Productivity ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
White Cabbage ◽  
Urgent Task

Abstract At present, scientific research is underway to further develop vegetable growing in the secondary crop, in particular to further increase the yield and quality of white cabbage, to select a system of planting time-sowing scheme that maximizes the biological productivity of varieties, and to apply the most optimal standards of fertilization and irrigation. In this regard, the urgent task remains to determine the optimal varieties of cabbage that can be grown in repeated crops, their optimal planting scheme, timing, development and implementation of optimal standards for each variety of mineral fertilizers and irrigation, and its solution is large-scale throughout the country. Besides that a number of problematic issues are addressed, which could allow to get high and high-quality harvest of white cabbage in repeated sowing in grain-free areas.

scholarly journals A Survey of Methods for Gas-Lift Optimization

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashif Rashid ◽  
William Bailey ◽  
Benoît Couët
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Multivariate Optimization ◽  
Flow Lines ◽  
Single Well ◽  
Large Scale Networks ◽  
Optimization Schemes ◽  
Gas Lift ◽  
Insight Into

This paper presents a survey of methods and techniques developed for the solution of the continuous gas-lift optimization problem over the last two decades. These range from isolated single-well analysis all the way to real-time multivariate optimization schemes encompassing all wells in a field. While some methods are clearly limited due to their neglect of treating the effects of inter-dependent wells with common flow lines, other methods are limited due to the efficacy and quality of the solution obtained when dealing with large-scale networks comprising hundreds of difficult to produce wells. The aim of this paper is to provide an insight into the approaches developed and to highlight the challenges that remain.

scholarly journals High-quality assembly of sweet basil genome

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nativ Dudai ◽  
Marie-Jeanne Carp ◽  
Renana Milavski ◽  
David Chaimovitsh ◽  
Alona Shachter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Genome ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Sweet Basil ◽  
Independent Analysis ◽  
Aroma Production ◽  
Culinary Uses ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Sequencing Platforms

AbstractSweet basil, sometimes called the King of Herbs, is well known for its culinary uses, especially in the Italian sauce ‘Pesto’. It is also used in traditional medicine, as a source for essential oils and as an ornamental plant. So far, basil was bred by classical and traditional methods due to lack of a reference genome that will allow optimized application of the most up-to-date sequencing techniques. Here, we report on the first completion of the sweet basil genome of the cultivar ‘Perrie’, a fresh-cut Genovese-type basil, using several next generation sequencing platforms followed by genome assembly with NRGENE’s DeNovoMAGIC assembly tool. We determined that the genome size of sweet basil is 2.13 Gbp and assembled it into 12,212 scaffolds. The high-quality of the assembly is reflected in that more than 90% of the assembly size is composed of only 107 scaffolds. An independent analysis of single copy orthologues genes showed a 93% completeness which reveal also that 74% of them were duplicated, indicating that the sweet basil is a tetraploid organism. A reference genome of sweet basil will enable to develop precise molecular markers for various agricultural important traits such as disease resistance and tolerance to various environmental conditions. We will gain a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of various metabolic processes such as aroma production and pigment accumulation. Finally, it will save time and money for basil breeders and scientists and ensure higher throughput and robustness in future studies.

scholarly journals Obtaining High-Quality Label by Distinguishing between Easy and Hard Items in Crowdsourcing

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Xiang-Yu Guo ◽  
Shao-Yuan Li ◽  
Yuan Jiang ◽  
Zhi-Hua Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Training Set ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Label ◽  
Large Scale Data ◽  
Voluntary Workers ◽  
Scale Data

Crowdsourcing systems make it possible to hire voluntary workers to label large-scale data by offering them small monetary payments. Usually, the taskmaster requires to collect high-quality labels, while the quality of labels obtained from the crowd may not satisfy this requirement. In this paper, we study the problem of obtaining high-quality labels from the crowd and present an approach of learning the difficulty of items in crowdsourcing, in which we construct a small training set of items with estimated difficulty and then learn a model to predict the difficulty of future items. With the predicted difficulty, we can distinguish between easy and hard items to obtain high-quality labels. For easy items, the quality of their labels inferred from the crowd could be high enough to satisfy the requirement; while for hard items, the crowd could not provide high-quality labels, it is better to choose a more knowledgable crowd or employ specialized workers to label them. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach by learning to distinguish between easy and hard items can significantly improve the label quality.

Data Science and Knowledge Analytic Contexts on IoE Data for E-BI Application Case

2019 ◽  
pp. 100-126
Author(s):  
Nilamadhab Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Edge Computing ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Cognitive Values ◽  
Research Challenge

The progressive data science and knowledge analytic tasks are gaining popularity across various intellectual applications. The main research challenge is to obtain insight from large-scale IoE data that can be used to produce cognitive actuations for the applications. The time to insight is very slow, quality of insight is poor, and cost of insight is high; on the other hand, the intellectual applications require low cost, high quality, and real-time frameworks and algorithms to massively transform their data into cognitive values. In this chapter, the author would like to discuss the overall data science and knowledge analytic contexts on IoE data that are generated from smart edge computing devices. In an IoE-driven e-BI application, the e-consumers are using the smart edge computing devices from which a huge volume of IoE data are generated, and this creates research challenges to traditional data science and knowledge analytic mechanisms. The consumer-end IoE data are considered the potential sources to massively turn into the e-business goldmines.

High Quality GaAs on Si and its Application to a Solar Cell

1988 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiro Ohmachi ◽  
Yoshiaki Kadota ◽  
Yoshio Watanabe ◽  
Hiroshi Okamoto
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Critical Thickness ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Strained Layer ◽  
Cyclic Annealing ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Gaas On Si ◽  
Strained Layer Superlattice ◽  
Buffer Structure

ABSTRACTEpitaxial growth using thermal annealing and a strained layer superlattice is studied to obtain high-quality GaAs device layers on Si substrates. Crystalline quality of GaAs-on-Si is found to improve with thermal cyclic annealing at temperatures higher than the growth temperature and cooling down to 300°C. It is also found that the optimum InGaAs/GaAs strained layer superlattice buffer structure is one whose total thickness is several times the calculated critical thickness for the average In-mole fraction of the SLS buffer. Configurations and structures of dislocation reductions are ex-amined by TEM observations. A GaAs solar cell is successfully constructed and is found to show total area efficiencies of 18.3% under AM 0 and 20.0% under AM 1.5 conditions.

scholarly journals Improving the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Stochastic Neighbour Embedding with Isolation Kernel

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 667-695
Author(s):  
Ye Zhu ◽  
Kai Ming Ting
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Gaussian Kernel ◽  
Space Partitioning ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Local Point ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
Insight Into

This paper presents a new insight into improving the performance of Stochastic Neighbour Embedding (t-SNE) by using Isolation kernel instead of Gaussian kernel. Isolation kernel outperforms Gaussian kernel in two aspects. First, the use of Isolation kernel in t-SNE overcomes the drawback of misrepresenting some structures in the data, which often occurs when Gaussian kernel is applied in t-SNE. This is because Gaussian kernel determines each local bandwidth based on one local point only, while Isolation kernel is derived directly from the data based on space partitioning. Second, the use of Isolation kernel yields a more efficient similarity computation because data-dependent Isolation kernel has only one parameter that needs to be tuned. In contrast, the use of data-independent Gaussian kernel increases the computational cost by determining n bandwidths for a dataset of n points. As the root cause of these deficiencies in t-SNE is Gaussian kernel, we show that simply replacing Gaussian kernel with Isolation kernel in t-SNE significantly improves the quality of the final visualisation output (without creating misrepresented structures) and removes one key obstacle that prevents t-SNE from processing large datasets. Moreover, Isolation kernel enables t-SNE to deal with large-scale datasets in less runtime without trading off accuracy, unlike existing methods in speeding up t-SNE.

scholarly journals To investigate the effect of Mobile IP on the performance of VANET through realistic channel conditions.

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 5911-5918
Author(s):  
Komal Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Ip ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Urban Scenario

  Abstract Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) is a specialized Ad hoc Network, which provides safety and comfort for passengers [1]. Due to the specific characteristic of VANET like high mobility and large scale node population [1], providing Quality of Service (QoS) in this type of wireless network is a challenging issue. As a result, we combine Mobile IP and VANET to improve QoS in terms of packet loss and throughput for traffic safety and entertainment applications. Comparative performance evaluation is done in terms of QOS parameters to show the network performance using different traffic types and by varying speed of the vehicles under urban scenario.

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