Cyberbullying in Adolescents: Resilience as a Protective Factor of Mental Health Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Santos ◽  
Estibaliz Mateos-Pérez ◽  
María Cantero ◽  
Manuel Gámez-Guadix
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes

scholarly journals Community Support as a Moderator of Postdisaster Mental Health Symptoms in Urban and Nonurban Communities

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 443-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny S. West ◽  
Matthew Price ◽  
Kirstin Stauffacher Gros ◽  
Kenneth J. Ruggiero
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Interpersonal Effects ◽  
Disaster Exposure

AbstractObjectiveWe examined the association between disaster exposure, community support, and mental health outcomes in urban and nonurban participants of Galveston and Chambers counties after Hurricane Ike. The moderating effect of community support was evaluated as a protective factor relative to postdisaster mental health.MethodsA representative population-based sample of 157 urban and 714 nonurban adults were interviewed 12 to 17 months after the hurricane about their mental health functioning, disaster exposure, and perceptions of community support.ResultsA series of multiple regressions demonstrated that disaster exposure was associated with mental health outcomes for both groups. The strength of the association varied across population samples.Community support moderated the association between interpersonal effects of the disaster and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression outcomes in nonurban participants and the association between property damage and PTSD in urban participants.ConclusionsCommunity support played a larger role in reducing PTSD and depression symptoms associated with the interpersonal effects of a disaster in the nonurban sample only. Communities may play a more beneficial role in the recovery process in nonurban areas that have elevated levels of injury or death attributed to a disaster. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2013;0:1–9)

scholarly journals Expanding the Utility of Race-Based Accountability: An Application of RBA to Longitudinal Data Analyses

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-79
Author(s):  
Andrea L. Ruiz ◽  
Gabriel A. Acevedo ◽  
Raquel R. Marquez ◽  
Marcos Marquez
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Adult Mental Health

Despite the strong empirical evidence linking childhood abuse to negative mental health outcomes later in life, a number of questions remain regarding race variations in this association. Moreover, less is known about the salience of protective factors that can offset or ameliorate the negative effects of abuse on adult mental health, and whether these factors work differently by race. Using three waves of panel data from a nationally representative survey of American adults, the present study examined the long-term effects of childhood abuse on adult mental health over a span of 20 years. In addition, we assessed social support as a protective factor, and examined its differential effects on mental health outcomes for Whites and non-Whites. Results indicate that despite frequent childhood abuse, social support is associated with less depression for Whites—its positive effects being most pronounced for those with the most severe abuse experiences. However, social support is associated with worst depression for non-Whites—its negative effects being most pronounced for those with severe abuse experiences. These findings demonstrate that the factors commonly considered as protective and beneficial for adult victims of abuse work differently across racial groups and in fact, may be detrimental for non-Whites.

scholarly journals Ordinary magic in extraordinary circumstances: Predictors of positive mental health outcomes for early adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Ashworth ◽  
David W. Putwain ◽  
Shane McLoughlin ◽  
Pooja Saini ◽  
Jennifer Chopra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Early Adolescents ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Good Mental Health ◽  
General Wellbeing

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions have had a negative impact on the mental health and wellbeing of many people worldwide, but there is evidence to suggest this has been a particularly challenging for adolescents. However, there is a paucity of research examining the factors that have promoted good mental health during this time. The aim of the current study was to identify the protective factors among early adolescents in the UK that promoted better mental health outcomes (internalising and externalising difficulties, and wellbeing) during the first national COVID-19 lockdown. Between September and December 2020, 290 11–14 year olds across the North West of England were recruited to complete an online survey, consisting of several measures pertaining to their experiences of lockdown, and their mental health and wellbeing. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to analyse the data. Results indicated that higher participant-rated lockdown experience (the extent to which it was fun, easy, and good) and higher levels of optimism were protective factors for all three outcomes of interest. Greater adherence to Government guidance was also a protective factor for internalising difficulties and general wellbeing. Stronger family connection was a protective factor for externalising difficulties only, while stronger peer connection was a protective factor for general wellbeing only. In summary, the ‘ordinary magic’ of supportive relationships and positive experiences appear to be some of the key factors needed to ensure adolescents maintain good mental health and wellbeing, and to help them overcome the difficulties posed by the COVID-19 pandemic.

School climate, victimization, and mental health outcomes among elementary school students in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 587-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cixin Wang ◽  
Dengting Boyanton ◽  
Ana-Sophia M. Ross ◽  
Jia Li Liu ◽  
Kathryn Sullivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
School Climate ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Youth Development ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Relationship

Although school climate has been identified as a protective factor for youth development in the United States, few longitudinal studies have examined the relationship between school climate and student outcomes in China. This study explored the relationship between school climate, victimization, covitality, internalizing symptoms, and academic achievement, and whether school climate moderated the relationship between victimization and mental health outcomes using longitudinal data. Survey data were collected from 1150 Chinese 3rd to 6th grade students ( Mage = 10.27 years, SD = 1.03 years, 55% boys) from five elementary schools at two time points. Regression results showed that school climate factors, including student-teacher relationships, clear expectations, respect for diversity and fairness of rules, predicted victimization, mental health (both internalizing symptoms and covitality), and academic grades six months later. School climate did not moderate the relationship between victimization and mental health. Our results suggest that it is important to foster positive school climate in order to prevent bullying and promote positive youth development among elementary students in China.

scholarly journals The Moderating Effect of Comfort from Companion Animals and Social Support on the Relationship between Microaggressions and Mental Health in LGBTQ+ Emerging Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Angela Matijczak ◽  
Shelby E. McDonald ◽  
Camie A. Tomlinson ◽  
Jennifer L. Murphy ◽  
Kelly O’Connor
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
The Relationship

LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and other sexual/gender minority identities) individuals frequently report exposure to microaggressions, which are associated with deleterious mental health outcomes. Social support from humans has been found to be an important protective factor for LGBTQ+ emerging adults. However, an underexplored area of research is the protective role of interactions with companion animals for this population. We conducted simple and multiple moderation analyses to explore whether and to what extent emotional comfort from companion animals and human social support moderated the relationship between LGBTQ-related microaggressions and depressive and anxiety symptoms. Our sample included 134 LGBTQ+ emerging adults (mean age of 19.31). We found that social support moderated the relationship between microaggressions and depressive symptoms. The relationship between microaggressions and depressive symptoms was not significant at high levels of social support, indicating the protective nature of human social support. Comfort from companion animals also moderated the relationship between interpersonal microaggressions and depressive symptoms. For participants with high or medium levels of emotional comfort from companion animals, interpersonal microaggressions were positively associated with depressive symptoms. Our results highlight the need to further investigate the complex role of relationships with companion animals on mental health outcomes for LGBTQ+ emerging adults.

The importance of attachment to fathers in Latinx mental health

2021 ◽  
pp. 026540752110594
Author(s):  
Amanda Venta ◽  
Jesse Walker ◽  
Cassandra Bailey ◽  
Tessa Long ◽  
Alfonso Mercado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
The United States ◽  
Maternal Attachment ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Solid Base ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Paternal Attachment ◽  
The Impact

The impact of attachment to fathers on mental health in Latinx communities is understudied and not fully understood, though extant research focusing on maternal attachment forms a solid base of knowledge regarding the importance of attachment (to mothers) on mental health. The broad aim of this study was to examine the importance of paternal attachment in relation to maternal attachment on mental health in Latinx young adults. The current study used two large, young adult samples: one collected in Latin America ( n = 774) and one collected in the United States ( n = 1084). We hypothesized that paternal attachment would be a significant predictor of internalizing (emotional symptoms), externalizing (hyperactivity, conduct problems), and interpersonal (social problems, prosocial behavior) functioning beyond maternal attachment. Exploratory analyses examined whether paternal communication, trust, or feelings of alienation, three established facets of attachment, differentially related to mental health outcomes. Findings broadly supported hypotheses, as attachment to fathers made a significant, incremental contribution to all outcome variables. Further, paternal alienation emerged as a potent potential risk factor, while paternal trust emerged as a potential protective factor for mental health outcomes in these samples. This study is the first to endeavor to understand the links between paternal attachment and mental health beyond maternal attachment in two distinct samples with varying immigration statuses, countries of residence, and cultural norms and has important implications for working with Latinx populations from a clinical, assessment, and research standpoint.

scholarly journals Relationship of Internalized Transnegativity and Protective Factors With Depression, Anxiety, Non-suicidal Self-Injury and Suicidal Tendency in Trans Populations: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Inderbinen ◽  
Kristin Schaefer ◽  
Andres Schneeberger ◽  
Jens Gaab ◽  
David Garcia Nuñez
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Suicidal Tendency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Injury

Discrimination heavily impacts the lives of trans populations and causes adverse mental health outcomes. As stated by the Gender Minority Stress Model self-stigmatization could play an important role in this process. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate whether there is a positive association between self-stigmatization and mental health and to identify mediation factors. Studies which quantitatively investigated the association between internalized transnegativity and selected mental health outcomes (depression, anxiety, non-suicidal self-injury, suicidal tendency) in self-identified trans populations were included. Comprehensive search of 5 large databases in June 2020 and the following screening and selection procedure, performed by two researchers separately, identified 14 studies which met criteria. The relationship to be studied was reported with correlation and/or mediation analysis of cross-sectional data. IT was directly positively associated with depression, anxiety and suicidal tendency in most of the reviewed studies. Data indicates links between self-stigmatization and other general mental health stressors such as rumination and thwarted belongingness. Community connectedness showed to be the strongest protective factor for mental health impairments. These results should be considered in transition counseling. More research is needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms of the GMSM and to address unsolved operationalization and measurement issues.

scholarly journals Forward-Focused Coping Predicts Better Mental Health Outcomes in Older Adults During COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 946-947
Author(s):  
Leslie Jordan ◽  
John Woodard ◽  
Gabriel Pena ◽  
Naomi Arnold-Nedimala ◽  
Junyeon Won ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Psychosocial Stressors ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Coping Flexibility ◽  
Relative Contribution

Abstract Psychosocial stressors associated with the COVID-19 pandemic may increase risk of depression and anxiety in the general population. Older adults may be especially vulnerable to these psychosocial stressors and their impact on mental health outcomes. Consequently, there is an urgent need to identify protective factors for older adults. The purpose of the present study is to determine the relative contribution of coping flexibility and two distinct coping strategies, forward-focused and trauma-focused, on negative affect in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected using an online survey, including questions about demographic information, coping, depression, and anxiety. Participants aged 50 and over were included in our analyses of depression (N = 800) and anxiety (N = 638). Results indicate that both higher coping flexibility and higher forward-focused coping predict lower depression and lower anxiety. In contrast, higher trauma-focused coping predicts slightly higher depressive symptoms but is not a significant predictor of anxiety. Our findings suggest that higher forward-focused coping may serve as a protective factor in older adults during the pandemic and, therefore, may be an effective treatment target for mental health interventions.

scholarly journals A Scoping Review and Conceptual Model of Social Participation and Mental Health among Refugees and Asylum Seekers

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 4027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Niemi ◽  
Hélio Manhica ◽  
David Gunnarsson ◽  
Göran Ståhle ◽  
Sofia Larsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Refugees And Asylum Seekers

Social participation plays a key role in the integration of refugees and asylum seekers into their host societies, and is also closely tied to the mental health of those populations. The aim of this scoping review was to study how the concept of social participation is described in empirical research, and how it is associated with mental health outcomes. Methods: In total, 64 studies were identified through searches in PubMed, PsycInfo, and Sociological Abstracts. These studies describe various forms of social participation among refugees and asylum seekers, and 33 of them also addressed various forms of mental health outcomes. Results: The identified studies described forms and conditions of social participation—both in the host country and transnationally—that could be synthesized into three broad dimensions: (1) Regulatory frameworks, conditions and initiatives; (2) Established societal organizations and social structures; and (3) Community organized groups. Each of these consisted of several sub-domains. The identified dimensions of social participation were also associated with psychosocial well-being and decreased psychological distress. Conclusions: There is a need for policies to enable and support the participation of refugees and asylum seekers in various dimensions of social structures in host societies. Social participation enhances resilience, re-establishes social lives, and acts as a protective factor against poor mental health outcomes.

Coping and mental health outcomes among Sierra Leonean war-affected youth: Results from a longitudinal study

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manasi Sharma ◽  
Shoshanna L. Fine ◽  
Robert T. Brennan ◽  
Theresa S. Betancourt
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Avoidance Coping ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Approach Coping ◽  
Death Of Parent

AbstractThis study explored how coping with war-related traumatic events in Sierra Leone impacted mental health outcomes among 529 youth (aged 10–17 at baseline; 25% female) using longitudinal data from three time points (Time 1 in 2002, Time 2 in 2004, and Time 3 in 2008). We examined two types of coping items (approach and avoidance); used multiple regression models to test their relations with long-term mental health outcomes (internalizing behaviors, externalizing behaviors, adaptive/prosocial behaviors, and posttraumatic stress symptoms); and used mediation analyses to test whether coping explained the relation between previous war exposures (being raped, death of parent(s), or killing/injuring someone during the war) and those outcomes. We found that avoidance coping items were associated with lower internalizing and posttraumatic stress behaviors at Time 3, and provided some evidence of mediating the relation between death of parent(s) during the war and the two outcomes mentioned above. Approach coping was associated with higher Time 3 adaptive/prosocial behaviors, whereas avoidance coping was associated with lower Time 3 adaptive/prosocial behaviors. Avoidance coping may be a protective factor against mental illness, whereas approach coping may be a promotive factor for adaptive/prosocial behaviors in war-affected societies. This study has important implications for designing and implementing mental health interventions for youth in postconflict settings.

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