scholarly journals International Child Development Accounts

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Sherraden ◽  
Li-Chen Cheng ◽  
Fred M. Ssewamala ◽  
Youngmi Kim ◽  
Vernon Loke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
National Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Innovation ◽  
Asset Building ◽  
Child Development Accounts ◽  
The Poor ◽  
International Child ◽  
The World ◽  
Policies And Programs

Child Development Accounts (CDAs) are subsidized savings or investment accounts to help people accumulate assets for developmental purposes and life course needs. They are envisioned as universal (everyone participates), progressive (greater subsidies for the poor), and potentially lifelong national policy. These features distinguish CDAs from most existing asset-building policies and programs around the world, which are typically regressive, giving greater benefits to the well-off. With policy innovation in recent years, several countries now have national CDA policies, and four states in the United States have statewide programs. Some of these are designed to be universal and progressive. Evidence indicates that true universality can be achieved, but only with automatic account opening and automatic deposits. In the absence of automatic features, advantaged families participate and benefit more. Today, momentum for universal and automatic features is gradually gaining traction and accelerating. At this stage in the emergence of inclusive asset-based policy, this is the most important development.

scholarly journals Asset Building Toward Inclusive Policy

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Sherraden ◽  
Lissa Johnson ◽  
Margaret M. Clancy ◽  
Sondra G. Beverly ◽  
Margaret Sherrard Sherraden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asset Building ◽  
Child Development Accounts ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Public Subsidies ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Inclusive Policy ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Policy Discussion

Since 1991, a new policy discussion has arisen in the United States and other countries, focusing on building assets as a complement to traditional social policy based on income. In fact, asset-based policy already existed (and still exists) in the United States, with large public subsidies. But the policy is regressive, benefiting the rich far more than the poor. The goal should be a universal, progressive, and lifelong asset-based policy. One promising pathway may be Child Development Accounts beginning at birth, with greater public deposits for the poorest children. If every child had an account, then eventually this could grow into a universal public policy across the life course.

The Ethics of COVID-19 Vaccine Passports

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Joseph Meaney ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
World Health ◽  
Medical Decisions ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Divided Society ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

COVID-19 vaccine passports run the risk of creating a divided society where social privileges or restrictions based on “fitness” lead to discrimination based on immunization status. Individuals have a strong right to be free of coercion to take a COVID-19 vaccine, and we should be very leery of further invasion of private medical decisions. These concerns are shared both internationally and in the United States, and the World Health Organization, the Biden administration, and many US governors oppose COVID-19 vaccine credentials. In addition, regulations for COVID-19 vaccine credentials face practical barriers, including lack of access globally, especially among the poor; and lack of scientific data on the efficacy of these vaccines.

scholarly journals Asset Building and Child Development: A Policy Model for Inclusive Child Development Accounts

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-195
Author(s):  
Jin Huang ◽  
Michael Sherraden ◽  
Margaret M. Clancy ◽  
Sondra G. Beverly ◽  
Trina R. Shanks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Asset Building ◽  
Policy Model ◽  
Child Development Accounts

Dual Incentives and Dual Asset Building: Policy Implications of the Hutubi Rural Social Security Loan Programme in China

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
BAORONG GUO ◽  
JIN HUANG ◽  
MICHAEL SHERRADEN ◽  
LI ZOU
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Policy Innovation ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Asset Building ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Security Funds ◽  
Policy Incentives ◽  
Building Policy

AbstractThe Hutubi Rural Social Security Loan programme is a policy innovation in a rural area of China, which loans savings in social security accounts back to peasants for them to buy assets for agricultural and other development. In contrast to the nationwide recession in rural social security, this programme has shown its success in proliferating rural social security funds and retaining social security participants. With a focus on the administrative data of the loan programme, this study aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the loan programme and examine how asset building is possible for the poor when institutional incentives are offered. The findings show that when proper policy incentives are provided, poor peasants can build assets. The Hutubi programme may be a good model for other rural areas in China and other developing countries.

Brain Drain Controversy and African Scholars

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Man Singh Das
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Asian Student ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The World

The phenomenon popularly known as brain drain has attracted growing concern in the United States and abroad (Tulsa Daily World, 1967; Committee on Manpower... 1967; Asian Student, 1968a: 3; 1968b: 1; 1969: 3; Institute of Applied Manpower . . . 1968; U. S. Congress, 1968; Gardiner, 1968: 194-202; Bechhofer, 1969: 1-71; Committee on the International Migration . . . 1970). The notion has been expressed that the poor countries of the world are being deprived of their talent and robbed of their human resources by the exchange of scholars and students which goes on between nations (U.S. Congress, 1968: 16-25; Mondale, 1967a: 24-6; 1967b: 67-9). Implicit is the idea that many students from these less developed countries go to the more highly developed and industrialized countries for study and decide not to return to their homeland.

The U.N. and the (Economic) Education of Henry Kissinger

Worldview ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Stalson
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
International System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Education ◽  
Henry Kissinger ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The World ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Rich Countries

Something remarkable and of historic importance took place in New York during the first two weeks of September, 1975. At a Special Session of the United Nations the poor countries of the world, who have 70 per cent of its people and 30 per cent of its income, demanded that the rich, countries make some major changes in the international system. And the rich countries, including the United States, responded in new ways. Most reporters failed to notice how remarkable the events were, but the evidence is there.

scholarly journals Deteksi Perkembangan Anak Usia 3 Bulan – 72 Bulan Menggunakan Kuesioner Pra Skrining Perkembangan (KPSP)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Christina Entoh ◽  
Fransisca Noya ◽  
Kadar Ramadhan
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Delays ◽  
The United States ◽  
Growth Disorders ◽  
Language Behavior ◽  
The World

More than a third of children in the world experience growth and development disorders both physically and mentally, and an estimated 5 to 10% of the child population has developmental delays. Child development problems such as motor delays, language, behavior, autism, hyperactivity, have increased in recent years, the occurrence in the United States ranges from 12-16.6%, Thailand 24%, Argentina 22.5%, and in Indonesia between 13 % -18%. Approximately 16% of children under five years old (toddlers). Indonesia experiences neurological and brain development disorders ranging from mild to severe. The purpose of this study is to increase the motivation of toddlers to carry out routine child development checks, increase the participation of toddlers to carry out child development checks using KPSP, early detection of growth, and developmental disorders. The method used in this community service is varied lectures. The speakers did a demonstration to mothers who have children of 3  - 72 months. Each mother gave information about their child's age and early detection of growth and development using KPSP according to the age child age. Results: Out of 140 children aged 3 - 72 months who were detected developmentally using the Pre Development Screening Questionnaire (KPSP), there were 134 children (95.7%) with normal results and 6 people (4.3%) with doubtful results and none (0%) who experienced deviance. Conclusion:  The 6 children with doubtful screening results, after 2 weeks of screening, obtained 100% normal developmental results. Suggestion: Early detection can find growth disorders and child development, therefore, an intervention can be done as early as possible.

Peace Education: Imagination and the Pedagogy of the Oppressed

1987 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marguerite Rivage-Seul
Keyword(s):  
Peace Education ◽  
Moral Imagination ◽  
The United States ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Arms Race ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Nuclear Arms Race

Arguing that peace education in the United States is constrained by its tenacious adherence to technical reason, Marguerite K. Rivage-Seul underscores the need for peace educators and their students to cultivate "moral imagination." The author first examines concepts of moral imagination recently advanced by educational theorists and peace educators, and demonstrates that these concepts also fail to transcend the limits of technical thought regarding the nuclear arms race. She then carefully develops a view of moral imagination around the ideas of Paulo Freire and Franz Hinkelammert; one that is grounded in an understanding of human intersubjectivity, and in the ways in which the poor "read" the world and perceive possibilities for human welfare beyond the status quo.

Subsistence Emissions and Luxury Emissions

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Shue
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
United Nations ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The World ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change adopted in Rio de Janeiro at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) in June 1992 establishes no dates and no dollars. No dates are specified by which emissions are to be reduced by the wealthy states, and no dollars are specified with which the wealthy states will assist the poor states to avoid an environmentally dirty development like our own. The convention is toothless because throughout the negotiations in the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee during 1991 to 1992, the United States played the role of dentist: whenever virtually all the other states in the world (with the notable exceptions of Saudi Arabia and Kuwait) agreed to convention language with teeth, the United States insisted that the teeth be pulled out. The Clinton administration now faces a strategic question: should the next step aim at a comprehensive treaty covering all greenhouse gases (GHGs) or at a narrower protocol covering only one, or a few, gases, for example, only fossil-fuel carbon dioxide (CO2)? Richard Stewart and Jonathan Wiener (1992) have argued for moving directly to a comprehensive treaty, while Thomas Drennen (1993) has argued for a more focused beginning. I will suggest that Drennen is essentially correct that we should not try to go straight to a comprehensive treaty, at least not of the kind advocated by Stewart and Wiener. First I would like to develop a framework into which to set issues of equity or justice of the kind introduced by Drennen. It would be easier if we faced only one question about justice, but several questions are not only unavoidable individually but are entangled with one another. In addition, each question can be given not simply alternative answers but answers of different kinds. In spite of this multiplicity of possible answers to the multiplicity of inevitable and interconnected questions, I think we can lay out the issues fairly clearly and establish that commonsense principles converge to a remarkable extent upon what ought to be done, at least for the next decade or so.

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