scholarly journals Estimation of protein requirements in Indian pregnant women using a whole-body potassium counter

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 1064-1070
Author(s):  
Rebecca Kuriyan ◽  
Saba Naqvi ◽  
Kishor G Bhat ◽  
Tinku Thomas ◽  
Annamma Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Income Country ◽  
World Health ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
The Third ◽  
Activity Measurements ◽  
Additional Protein

ABSTRACT Background The 2007 World Health Organization/Food and Agriculture Organization/United Nations University (WHO/FAO/UNU) recommendation for the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) of additional protein during pregnancy for a gestational weight gain (GWG) of 12 kg (recalculated from a GWG of 13.8 kg) is 6.7 and 21.7 g/d in the second and the third trimester, respectively. This EAR is based on measurements of potassium accretion in high-income country (HIC) pregnant women. It is not known if low- to middle-income country, but well-nourished, pregnant women have comparable requirements. Objective We aimed to estimate total body potassium (TBK) accretion during pregnancy in Indian pregnant women, using a whole-body potassium counter (WBKC), to measure their additional protein EAR. Methods Well-nourished pregnant women (20–40 y, n = 38, middle socioeconomic stratum) were recruited in the first trimester of pregnancy. Anthropometric, dietary, and physical activity measurements, and measurements of TBK using a WBKC, were performed at each trimester and at birth. Results The mid-trimester weight gain was 2.7 kg and 8.0 kg in the second and the third trimester, respectively, for an average 37-wk GWG of 10.7 kg and a mean birth weight of 3.0 kg. Protein accretion was 2.7 and 5.7 g/d, for an EAR of 8.2 and 18.9 g/d in the second and the third trimester, respectively. The additional protein EAR, calculated for a GWG of 12 kg, was 9.1 and 21.2 g/d in the second and the third trimester, respectively. Conclusion The additional protein requirements of well-nourished Indian pregnant women for a GWG of 12 kg in the second and third trimesters were similar to the recalculated 2007 WHO/FAO/UNU requirements for 12 kg.

EFFECT OF ZINK TABLETS INTERVENTION IN ZINC DEFICIENCY OF TRIMESTER III PREGNANT WOMEN TOWARD WEIGHT AND BODY LENGTH OF NEWBORN

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-312
Author(s):  
Nurfadillah S ◽  
Wardihan Sinrang ◽  
Suryani As'ad ◽  
Muh. Nasrum Massi ◽  
Mardiana Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Birth Length ◽  
World Health ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Third ◽  
A Value ◽  
Zinc Levels

Background: According to 2018 World Health Organization (WHO) data globally, an estimated 17.3% of the population has inadequate zinc intake, with estimates ranging from 5.7% in Oceania to 7.6% in Europe, 9.6% in America and the Caribbean, highest in Africa (23.9%) and Asia (19.6%). Zinc is important for the function of a number of enzymes and growth hormones during pregnancy. In pregnant women, the relative zinc concentration decreases up to 35% due to the influence of hormonal changes and the transport of nutrients from mother to baby. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of giving zinc tablets to pregnant women with zinc deficiency in the third trimester on body weight and length of babies born at the Makassar City Health Center. Methods: This type of research is True Experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The sample in this study was 62 samples of third trimester pregnant women, and the sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Measurement of zinc levels in third trimester pregnant women using the Elisa reader kit at the Research Laboratory of the Hasanuddin University Teaching Hospital. The research instruments were in the form of a research explanation sheet, respondent's consent sheet, respondent's checklist sheet, and the mother's zinc tablet consumption control sheet for 14 days. Results: Judging from the average value of newborns in pregnant women who did not have zinc deficiency, the average value of birth weight in pregnant women with zinc deficiency was 15.70 g/dL and 18.95 g/dL. zinc deficiency with a value (p < 0.05), while pregnant women with zinc deficiency have an average birth length of 10.00 g/dL and mothers who do not have a deficiency of 19.87 g/dL with a value (p < 0.05). So, it can be concluded that giving zinc tablets to pregnant women in the third trimester has an effect on Birth Weight (BBL) and Birth Length (PBL). Conclusion: Giving zinc tablets has an effect on increasing zinc levels in third trimester zinc deficiency pregnant women and increasing birth weight and length of the baby.  

scholarly journals Consumption of Ultraprocessed Foods by Pregnant Women with Diabetes Mellitus (P11-021-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Padilha ◽  
Carolina Felizardo ◽  
Claudia Saunders ◽  
Letícia Cunha ◽  
Amanda Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
The Third

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the consumption of ultraprocessed foods (UPF)by pregnant women with previous diabetes mellitus (DM) in use of the method of counting carbohydrates, besides investigating their association with the outcomes of total gestational weight gain and glycemic control. Methods A cohort study developed in a reference maternity hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with adult pregnant women with single fetus, with a diagnosis of DM prior to pregnancy, without other chronic morbidities. Food consumption was assessed by the semi-quantitative frequency of consumption questionnaire in the second and third quarters and the NOVA classification was used to identify the consumed of UPF. Measurements of weight were measured at all consultations and laboratory tests were evaluated at each gestational trimester. The multivariate linear regression was used in the analysis. Results Pregnant women (n = 42) presented mean total gestational gain of 12.02 ± 4.8 kg, 65.8% of them with inadequacy. The daily consumption of UPF was 317.29 ± 187.28 Kcal and 272.37 ± 170.55 Kcal, respectively, representing 16.9 ± 7.7% and 15.2 ± 10% of the average daily energy consumption. The increase of every 1 kcal in the caloric intake from UPF in the third trimester increased the glycated hemoglobin in the third trimester (β = 0.007, P = 0.025), 0.14mg/dL of postprandial 1-hour glycemia in the third trimester (β = 0.143, P = 0.011) and 0.11 kg in the total gestational weight gain (β = 0.11, P = 0.006). No associations were found for ultraprocessed foods consumption in the second trimester. Conclusions Ultraprocessed foods consumption was associated with the gestational endpoints glycemic control and total weight gain. It is necessary to intensify the strategies of orientation and nutritional education for pregnant women with previous DM in use of the method of counting carbohydrates. Funding Sources FAPERJ.

scholarly journals When and How Should Chinese Pregnant Women Exercise? A Longitudinal Study in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Mi Xiang ◽  
Masayuki Konishi ◽  
Huanhuan Hu ◽  
Mio Nishimaki ◽  
Hyeon-Ki Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
The Third

This study aimed to examine when and how physical activity (PA) influences gestational weight gain (GWG) and infant birthweight (BW) by considering the PA’s total volume, timing, intensity, and type, controlling for the influence of energy intake. A total of 1272 participants in different stages of pregnancy were recruited from hospital. The associations between PA and GWG or BW in the latter half of pregnancy were significant. Women with the highest PA volume in the third trimester had significantly lower risks of inadequate and excessive GWG by 69% (OR = 0.31, 95%CI: 0.10–0.91) and 67% (OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.12–0.91), respectively, compared to women in the lowest quartile. Women who achieved the recommended moderate intensity of PA during their second and third trimesters, independent of total volume of PA, had infants with significantly lower BWs compared to those who did not (β = −0.15, SE = 66.33, p = 0.04; β = −0.20, SE = 64.54, p = 0.01, respectively). Therefore, the effects of total volume and intensity of PA on GWG and BW were different. Interventions to prevent inappropriate GWG and macrosomia may need to set different priorities and timing regarding total volume or intensity of PA.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Gestational Weight Gain and Postpartum Depression in Normal and Overweight Pregnant Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Dayan ◽  
Nahid Javadifar ◽  
Mitra Tadayon ◽  
Amal Saki Malehi ◽  
Hosein Komeili Sani
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
The Relationship

Objective. To investigate the relationship between weight gain in pregnancy and postpartum depression (PPD) in normal and overweight pregnant women. Methods. The participants of this prospective cohort study were 223 healthy pregnant women with the first trimester body mass index (BMI) between 18.5 and 30 and the gestational age of 10-14 weeks and depressed women were excluded with Beck questionnaire in the first trimester. The evaluation included weight gain at the end of the second and third trimesters and the screening of PPD in 6-8 weeks after delivery by Edinburgh scale. Results. 49 participants were excluded from the study and data from 174 people were analyzed. 32.2% of mothers were scored above 12 in the Edinburgh scale. The only variable associated with depression was the third trimester weight gain (OR 1.17, 95%CI 1.04-1.32). Conclusion. In addition to considering other risk factors for postpartum depression, health care providers should consider the higher probability of PPD in prepregnancy normal and overweight women who have excessive weight gain especially in the third trimester of pregnancy.

scholarly journals Hubungan Kadar Hemoglobin Ibu Hamil Trimester III Dengan Berat Bayi Lahir di Kota Pariaman

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Anggi Setiawan ◽  
Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto ◽  
Amirah Zatil Izzah
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
World Health ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Third ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Pregnancy And Birth

AbstrakPendahuluan: Kadar hemoglobin merupakan indikator biokimia untuk mengetahui status gizi ibu hamil. World Health Organization (WHO) merekomendasikan kadar hemoglobin ibu hamil ideal adalah ≥ 11 gr/dl dan tidak dibawah 10,5 gr/dl pada trimester II kehamilan. Tinggi rendahnya kadar hemoglobin selama kehamilan mempunyai pengaruh terhadap berat bayi lahir karena dapat mengakibatkan gangguan pertumbuhan janin di dalam kandungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar hemoglobin ibu hamil trimester III dengan berat bayi lahir di kota Pariaman. Metode penelitian: design penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional Study. Penelitian dilakukan di kota Pariaman dengan menggunakan data ibu melahirkan bulan Januari-Juni 2011 dan pengambilan sampel dengan cara consecutive sampling serta data dianalisis dengan uji korelasi Pearson dimana p < 0,05. Hasil penelitian: ditemukan rata-rata kadar hemoglobin ibu hamil trimester III adalah 11,16 (SD 0,82) gr/dl dan ditemukan ibu hamil yang mengalami anemia sebesar 31,25%. Rata-rata berat bayi lahir pada penelitian adalah 3.103 (SD 405) gram dan ditemukan bayi yang mempunyai berat lahir rendah sebesar 3,1%. Kesimpulan: penelitian ini tidak ditemukan adanya hubungan kadar hemoglobin ibu hamil trimester III dengan berat bayi lahir di kota Pariaman (p > 0,05)Kata kunci: Kadar hemoglobin, berat bayi lahir, ibu hamilAbstractIntroduction : Hemoglobin level is biochemical indicator to determine the nutrition status of pregnant women. World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that ideal level of hemoglobin for pregnant women is ≥ 11 g/dl and not below 10,5 g/dl on the second trimester of pregnancy. Increasing and decreasing of hemoglobin levels during pregnancy influences birth weight because it can cause intrauterine growth disruption. This research is purposed to identify the relation between pregnant woment hemoglobin level on the third trimester of pregnancy and birth weight in Pariaman city. Methods : This research uses analytic research which is using cross sectional design. This research is held on Pariaman city and used pregnant woment data taken from January until June 2011. The results: Research found that an average of pregnant woment hemoglobin level on the third trimester pregnancy is 11,16 (SD 0,82) g/dl and the percentage of pregnant women with anemia (Hb < 11 gr/dl) is 31,25%. The average of birth weight is 3.103 (SD 405) grams and 3,1% of total infant have low birth weight. The results of bivariate analysis by using Pearson correlation test is not found the relation between pregnant woment hemoglobin level on the third trimester of pregnancy and birth weight p = 0,856 (p > 0,05).Conclusion: The future research had better has more number of samples and other factors which affect birth weight can be eliminated.Keywords:Hemoglobin level, birth weight, pregnant woment

scholarly journals Hubungan Kejadian Pandemi Covid 19 Dengan Kecemasan Ibu Hamil Trimester Tiga

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aslinda Hafid ◽  
Hasrul Hasrul
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
World Health ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Gestation Time ◽  
Sample Technique ◽  
Normal Gestation

Objective  : Pregnancy is one of the crowning moments in the life of women (Yuniastari et al., 2014). according to the Federasi Obstetri Ginekologi Internasional, Pregnancy defined as fertilization or union of spermatozoa and ovum and followed by nidasi or implantation.  If counted and fertilization to this baby, normal gestation time would be held for 40 week or 10 month or 9 moon rotate international calendar. at this time corona virus desease The case go global begins with pneumonia or chafe paru-paru mysterious 2019 on december.  When that happens the pandemic covid 19 that directly impact to all indonesian people in general.  In the world health of pregnant women also did not escape the effects of the pandemic covid 19 this.The number of pregnant women third trimester there dipustu arawa it makes it very anxious in dealing with the delivery processMetodhe : Methods used is Desain Observasional Deskriptif. In this study , researchers will assess the degree or rate of anxiety for pregnant women third trimesterResults: This study has been implemented in march - april 2021 at pustu arawa That is in the work area puskesmas lawawoi kabupaten sidrap with the total sample 48 respondents . The sample technique used is simple random sampling  Pregnant women and patients who came third trimester pustu arawa in the work area puskesmas lawawoi kabupaten sidrap  Selected at random. Conclusion: The research found that there was a correlation between the pandemic covid 19 with anxiety pregnant women got the third trimester p = 0.002 < 0,05 

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Vitamin A Deficiency and Associated Factors in Pregnant Women Receiving Prenatal Care at a Reference Maternity Hospital in Northeastern Brazil

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina Bastos Maia ◽  
Maria Costa Caminha ◽  
Suzana Lins da Silva ◽  
Alex Rolland Souza ◽  
Camila Carvalho dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
World Health ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third

Vitamin A is essential for mother and child; however, vitamin A deficiency (VAD) remains a public health issue in various countries, affecting around 19 million pregnant women. In Brazil, the scarcity and inconsistency of data have prevented the prevalence and epidemiological status of VAD from being established. This study aimed to analyze vitamin A nutritional status in women receiving prenatal care at a reference center in northeastern Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 676 women. Serum retinol was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Subclinical infection was detected by measuring C-reactive protein (CRP). The World Health Organization criteria were used in the prevalence analysis, VAD classification level, and CRP effect evaluation. The prevalence of VAD (serum retinol <0.70 μmol/L) was 6.2% (95% confidence interval 4.5–8.3). In the univariate analysis, the variables significantly associated with VAD (p < 0.05) were having <12 years of schooling, being in the third trimester of pregnancy, and anemia. In the final multivariate model, the variables that remained significantly associated (p < 0.05) were being in the third trimester of pregnancy and anemia. VAD constituted a mild public health problem in this sample of pregnant women and was associated with the third trimester of pregnancy and maternal anemia.

scholarly journals Factors Associated With Rates of Gestational Weight Gain Among Pregnant Women in West Sumatera, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 821-821
Author(s):  
Isman Susanto ◽  
Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto ◽  
Arif Sabta Aji
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
P Value ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
The Third

Abstract Objectives Gestational weight gain (GWG) is an important anthropometric indicator for maternal nutritional status. This study analyzed to determine factors associated with rates of gestational weight gain among women in the third trimester in West Sumatera, Indonesia. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among healthy pregnant women in the third trimester in West Sumatera, Indonesia. A total 195 pregnant women attending at each public health center were enrolled in the present study from September 2017 to March 2018. Information regarding demographic characteristics, obstetrical history, physical activity, calorie intake, and anthropometric was assessed through direct interview. GWG rates were determined based on recommendations of Institute of Medicine (IOM) 2009. Results Of the 195 pregnant women, more than half of the women were GWG inadequate 53.3%, adequate 34.4%, and excessive 12.3%. Prepregnancy BMI were overweight/obese 43.1%, normal 46.7%, underweight 10.3%. The multinomial logistic model indicates than women who were overweight or obese at pre-pregnancy were 17 times more likely to have excessive GWG rate (p-value &lt; 0.01) as compared to women who were pre-pregnancy normal weight. Conclusions Women who were overweight/obese at pre-pregnancy were at-risk of having excessive GWG rate, which underlines the importance of targeting these women for pre-conception counseling or health education on GWG. Funding Sources Indonesian Danone Institute Foundation.

scholarly journals Part of the Fat Component in the Structure of Gestational Weight Gain

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svitlana Ostafiichuk
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
The Body ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
The Third

Gestational weight gain (GWG), which is more or less of the recommended guidelines, has serious short- and long-term negative consequences for the health of the mother and children. Determining the dynamics of body composition during pregnancy is important for full antenatal care in order to prevent pathological weight gain and prevention of gestational complications.Objective: Our goal was to determine the proportion of fat component in the structure of GWG in women with normal body weight before pregnancy. Design: 153 pregnant women aged 18-43 years with normal pre-pregnancy body mass index (pBMI) were examined. BMI was calculated by using the standard formula of person’s weight in kilograms divided by the square of his height in meters (kg/m2). Total weight gain was calculated by subtracting the pre-pregnancy weight from the last measured weight before delivery. The body composition (fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), and the percentage of fat mass (%FM)) was calculated on the basis of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) using the ‘DIAMANT-AIST’ analyzer (St. Petersburg). Statistical analyses were carried out using Statistical program "Statistica 5.5".Results: It has been established that in women of normal weight before pregnancy, GWG was directly proportional to an increase in the fraction of FM (r=0.87; p<0.001). In pregnant with the recommended GWG, FM increased monotonous in the first and second trimesters and subsequently stabilized. In patients with insufficient GWG, fat component increased similarly (p>0.05), however, it was accompanied by low growth of the FFM, especially in the third trimester (p<0.05). Pregnant women with excessive GWG were more likely to gain weight in the first trimester mainly due to the accumulation of FM (p<0.05), and this tendency remained until delivery r=0.99 (p<0.01).Conclusion: In women with normal GWG there is a monotonous increase in fat component in the first and second trimesters, and subsequently stabilized, which promotes adequate weight reduction after childbirth. In patients with high GWG, the excessive increase in the proportion of FM and, consequently, a rapid increase in weight in the first trimester of pregnancy, initiates further accumulation of adipose tissue and slows down its reduction in the postpartum period. In pregnant women with low weight gain there is adequate increase of FM but an insufficient increase of FFM, especially in the third trimester, which leads to the development of placental hypoplasia and small-for-gestational age.

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