scholarly journals The Association Between Body Mass Index and Pancreatic Cancer: Variation by Age at Body Mass Index Assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 189 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J Jacobs ◽  
Christina C Newton ◽  
Alpa V Patel ◽  
Victoria L Stevens ◽  
Farhad Islami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Excess Weight ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Higher body mass index (BMI; weight (kg)/height (m)2) is associated with increased risk of pancreatic cancer in epidemiologic studies. However, BMI has usually been assessed at older ages, potentially underestimating the full impact of excess weight. We examined the association between BMI and pancreatic cancer mortality among 963,317 adults who were aged 30–89 years at their enrollment in Cancer Prevention Study II in 1982. During follow-up through 2014, a total of 8,354 participants died of pancreatic cancer. Hazard ratios per 5 BMI units, calculated using proportional hazards regression, declined steadily with age at BMI assessment, from 1.25 (95% confidence interval: 1.18, 1.33) in persons aged 30–49 years at enrollment to 1.13 (95% confidence interval: 1.02, 1.26) in those aged 70–89 years at enrollment (P for trend = 0.005). On the basis of a hazard ratio of 1.25 per 5 BMI units at age 45 years, we estimated that 28% of US pancreatic cancer deaths among persons born in 1970–1974 will be attributable to BMI ≥25.0—nearly twice the equivalent proportion of those born in the 1930s, a birth cohort with much lower BMI in middle age. These results suggest that BMI before age 50 years is more strongly associated with pancreatic cancer risk than BMI at older ages, and they underscore the importance of avoiding excess weight gain before middle age for preventing this highly fatal cancer.

scholarly journals Physical activity modifies the risk of atrial fibrillation in obese individuals: The HUNT3 study

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 1646-1652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars E Garnvik ◽  
Vegard Malmo ◽  
Imre Janszky ◽  
Ulrik Wisløff ◽  
Jan P Loennechen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Increased Risk

Background Atrial fibrillation is the most common heart rhythm disorder, and high body mass index is a well-established risk factor for atrial fibrillation. The objective of this study was to examine the associations of physical activity and body mass index and risk of atrial fibrillation, and the modifying role of physical activity on the association between body mass index and atrial fibrillation. Design The design was a prospective cohort study. Methods This study followed 43,602 men and women from the HUNT3 study in 2006–2008 until first atrial fibrillation diagnosis or end of follow-up in 2015. Atrial fibrillation diagnoses were collected from hospital registers and validated by medical doctors. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to assess the association between physical activity, body mass index and atrial fibrillation. Results During a mean follow-up of 8.1 years (352,770 person-years), 1459 cases of atrial fibrillation were detected (4.1 events per 1000 person-years). Increasing levels of physical activity were associated with gradually lower risk of atrial fibrillation ( p trend 0.069). Overweight and obesity were associated with an 18% (hazard ratio 1.18, 95% confidence interval 1.03–1.35) and 59% (hazard ratio 1.59, 95% confidence interval 1.37–1.84) increased risk of atrial fibrillation, respectively. High levels of physical activity attenuated some of the higher atrial fibrillation risk in obese individuals (hazard ratio 1.53, 95% confidence interval 1.03–2.28 in active and 1.96, 95% confidence interval 1.44–2.67 in inactive) compared to normal weight active individuals. Conclusion Overweight and obesity were associated with increased risk of atrial fibrillation. Physical activity offsets some, but not all, atrial fibrillation risk associated with obesity.

The impact of body mass index dynamics on survival of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer receiving chemotherapy.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15066-e15066
Author(s):  
Younak Choi ◽  
Do-Youn Oh ◽  
Tae-Yong Kim ◽  
Kyung-Hun Lee ◽  
Sae-Won Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Palliative Chemotherapy ◽  
Advanced Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

e15066 Background: The obesity is increasing worldwide. High body mass index (BMI) is linked with an increased risk of developing pancreatic cancer (PC). However, in patients with advanced PC (APC), especially those are receiving palliative chemotherapy (the majority of all PC patients), the impact of BMI and its change during disease course on survival has not been fully investigated. Methods: Consecutive patients with APC were enrolled during years 2003-2010, all treated with palliative chemotherapy. The BMI measured at the point of starting the first cycle of palliative chemotherapy was called as “BMI at diagnosis”. “Pre-cancer weight” which means the weight in good health was the sum of “weight at diagnosis” and “weight loss at diagnosis” that the patients’ self- reported at the first visit. “Pre-cancer BMI” was calculated using pre-cancer weight. We got weight data measured at every visit during chemotherapy to investigate BMI change during chemotherapy period. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were analyzed. Results: A total of 425 patients were enrolled (median age, 60.1 years). At diagnosis of APC, the BMI distribution of patients was as follows: <18.5 (45, 10.6%); 18.5-19.9 (67, 15.8%); 20.0-22.4 (156, 36.7%); 22.5-24.9 (107, 25.2%); 25.0-29.9 (49, 11.5%); and ≥30.0 (1, 0.2%). Clinical characteristics were balanced across BMI groups. Median overall survival (OS) was 8.1 months (95% CI, 7.2-9.1). Pre-cancer BMI and BMI at diagnosis had no impact on OS (p = 0.488, p = 0.348, respectively), although patients at BMI range of 22.5-24.9 achieved the longest OS (9.9 months; 95% CI, 8.5-11.3). BMI loss at diagnosis (pre-cancer BMI minus BMI at the diagnosis) and BMI loss during chemotherapy (both stipulated as BMI change ≥1) were associated with shortened OS (HR, 1.300; p = 0.012 and HR, 1.367; p= 0.010, respectively). Conclusions: In patients with APC undergoing palliative chemotherapy, both declines in BMI at diagnosis of APC and during chemotherapy are more hazardous for OS than pre-cancer BMI or BMI at diagnosis itself as absolute values. Further research evaluating strategies to maintain BMI during chemotherapy in this setting is thus warranted.

U-shaped relationship between depression and body mass index in the Korean adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 72-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-H. Lee ◽  
S.K. Park ◽  
J.-H. Ryoo ◽  
C.-M. Oh ◽  
J.-M. Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBackground:Although a number of studies have examined the relationship between depression and obesity, it is still insufficient to establish the specific pattern of relationship between depression and body mass index (BMI) categories. Thus, this study was aimed to investigate the relationship between depression and BMI categories.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted for a cohort of 159,390 Korean based on Kangbuk Samsung Health Study (KSHS). Study participants were classified into 5 groups by Asian-specific cut-off of BMI (18.5, 23, 25 and 30 kg/m2). The presence of depression was determined by Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scales (CES-D) = 16 and = 25. The adjusted odd ratios (ORs) for depression were evaluated by multiple logistic regression analysis, in which independent variable was 5 categories of BMI and dependent variable was depression. Subgroup analysis was conducted by gender and age.Results:When normal group was set as a reference, the adjusted ORs for depression formed U-shaped pattern of relationship with BMI categories [underweight: 1.31 (1.14–1.50), overweight: 0.94 (0.85–1.04), obese group: 1.01 (0.91–1.12), severe obese group: 1.28 (1.05–1.54)]. This pattern of relationship was more prominent in female and young age group than male and elderly subgroup. BMI level with the lowest likelihood of depression was 18.5 kg/m2 to 25 kg/m2 in women and 23 kg/m2 to 25 kg/m2 in men.Conclusions:There was a U-shaped relationship between depression and BMI categories. This finding suggests that both underweight and severe obesity are associated with the increased risk for depression.

scholarly journals Childhood body mass index and multiple sclerosis risk: a long-term cohort study

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1323-1329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kassandra L Munger ◽  
Joan Bentzen ◽  
Bjarne Laursen ◽  
Egon Stenager ◽  
Nils Koch-Henriksen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
School Health ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Unit Increase

Background: Obesity in late adolescence has been associated with an increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS); however, it is not known if body size in childhood is associated with MS risk. Methods: Using a prospective design we examined whether body mass index (BMI) at ages 7–13 years was associated with MS risk among 302,043 individuals in the Copenhagen School Health Records Register (CSHRR). Linking the CSHRR with the Danish MS registry yielded 774 MS cases (501 girls, 273 boys). We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Among girls, at each age 7–13 years, a one-unit increase in BMI z-score was associated with an increased risk of MS (HRage 7=1.20, 95% CI: 1.10–1.30; HRage 13=1.18, 95% CI: 1.08–1.28). Girls who were ≥95th percentile for BMI had a 1.61–1.95-fold increased risk of MS as compared to girls <85th percentile. The associations were attenuated in boys. The pooled HR for a one-unit increase in BMI z-score at age 7 years was 1.17 (95% CI: 1.09–1.26) and at age 13 years was 1.15 (95% CI: 1.07–1.24). Conclusion: Having a high BMI in early life is a risk factor for MS, but the mechanisms underlying the association remain to be elucidated.

scholarly journals The Risk of Later Diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Patients With Dermatological Disorders Associated With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic King ◽  
Joht Singh Chandan ◽  
Tom Thomas ◽  
Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar ◽  
Raoul C Reulen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
C Statistic ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Background Dermatological conditions such as erythema nodosum (EN), pyoderma gangrenosum, Sweet’s syndrome, and aphthous stomatitis can occur with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and are considered dermatological extraintestinal manifestations (D-EIMs). Rarely, they may precede IBD. Other common conditions such as psoriasis have also been associated with IBD. This study examined the risk of a subsequent IBD diagnosis in patients presenting with a D-EIM. Methods A retrospective cohort study compared patients with D-EIMs and age-/sex-matched patients without D-EIMs. Hazard ratios (HRs) were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, deprivation, comorbidity, smoking, loperamide use, anemia, and lower gastrointestinal symptoms. Logistic regression was used to produce a prediction model for the diagnosis of IBD within 3 years of EN diagnosis. Results We matched 7447 patients with D-EIMs (74% female; median age 38 years (interquartile ratio [IQR], 24-65 years) to 29,297 patients without D-EIMs. We observed 131 (1.8%) subsequent IBD diagnoses in patients with D-EIMs compared with 65 (0.2%) in those without D-EIMs. Median time to IBD diagnosis was 205 days (IQR, 44-661 days) in those with D-EIMs and 1594 days (IQR, 693-2841 days) in those without D-EIMs. The adjusted HR for a later diagnosis of IBD was 6.16 (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.53-8.37; P &lt; 0.001), for ulcerative colitis the HR was 3.30 (95% CI, 1.98-5.53; P &lt; 0.001), and for Crohn’s disease the HR was 8.54 (95% CI, 5.74-12.70; P &lt; 0.001). Patients with psoriasis had a 34% increased risk of a subsequent IBD diagnosis compared with the matched control patients (HR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.20-1.51; P &lt; 0.001). We included 4043 patients with an incident EN diagnosis in the prediction model cohort, with 87 patients (2.2%) diagnosed with IBD within 3 years. The model had a bias-corrected c-statistic of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.78-0.86). Conclusions Patients with D-EIMs have a 6-fold increased risk of a later diagnosis of IBD. Younger age, smoking, low body mass index, anemia, and lower gastrointestinal symptoms were associated with an increased risk of diagnosis of IBD within 3 years in patients with EN.

Association between general and central adiposity and development of hypertension in early childhood

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1326-1334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maira A Ortiz-Pinto ◽  
Honorato Ortiz-Marrón ◽  
Isabel Ferriz-Vidal ◽  
María V Martínez-Rubio ◽  
María Esteban-Vasallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Excess Weight ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Incident Cases

Objectives To evaluate the association of general and abdominal obesity with high blood pressure in young children. Methods A longitudinal study including 1796 participants from the Madrid region (Spain) with baseline at age 4 years and a follow-up 2 years later. Blood pressure, body mass index and waist circumference were measured during a physical examination. We evaluated the association between obesity at baseline and weight changes between the ages of 4 and 6 years and high blood pressure. Data were analysed using linear and logistic regressions adjusted for covariates. Results Obese 4 year olds (general or abdominal obesity) experienced an average 4–5 mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure and a 2.5–3 mmHg increase in diastolic blood pressure by the age of 6 years. Compared to children maintaining a non-excess weight (based on body mass index) during follow-up incident and persistent cases of excess weight (overweight or obesity) had an odds ratio (OR) for high blood pressure of 2.49 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.50–4.13) and OR 2.54 (95% CI 1.27–5.07), respectively. Regarding abdominal obesity we estimated OR 2.81 (95% CI 0.98–8.02) for incident cases and OR 3.42 (95% CI 1.38–8.49) for persistent cases. Similar estimates for the waist–height ratio were observed. Individuals who experienced remission to non-excess weight did not have an increased risk of high blood pressure. Conclusions We observed an increased risk for high blood pressure among 4-year-olds who presented with persistent or incident cases of excess weight (body mass index) or abdominal obesity after 2 years of follow-up. Children with excess weight or obesity at baseline who remitted to non-excess weight did not exhibit an increased risk of high blood pressure.

The association between body mass index and the risk of endometriosis: A meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ensiyeh Jenabi ◽  
Salman Khazaei ◽  
Yousef Veisani
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Q Statistic

Background: Many epidemiologic studies have been conducted to assess factors that were associated to endometriosis, but there is no consistency in results. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to investigate the association between body mass index and the risk of endometriosis. Methods: In this meta-analysis, relevant studies that published in major international electronic bibliographic databases of PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were systematically searched during November 2017. The Begg and Egger’s test was used to investigate publication bias in included studies. The Q-statistic and I2 tests were carried out for measuring heterogeneity. The random-effects model was conducted to obtain pooled odds ratio. Results: Our results showed a direct association between underweight and endometriosis in woman (odds ratio = 1.41, 95% confidence interval = 1.16–1.66), so underweight woman had 41% higher chance for endometriosis. However, we did not find linear association between overweight and endometriosis (odds ratio = 0.95; 95% confidence interval: 0.72–1.18) and obesity and endometriosis (odds ratio = 0.88; 95% confidence interval: 0.54–1.21), respectively. Conclusions: Our results suggested that underweight was a risk factor for the endometriosis, while overweight and obesity were not protective factors for endometriosis.

scholarly journals Body-Mass Index and Progression of Hepatitis B: A Population-Based Cohort Study in Men

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (34) ◽  
pp. 5576-5582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Whei Yu ◽  
Wei-Liang Shih ◽  
Chih-Lin Lin ◽  
Chun-Jen Liu ◽  
Jhih-Wei Jian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Hazard Ratios

Purpose To determine prospectively whether body-mass index (BMI) is associated with liver-related morbidity and mortality among male hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers. Patients and Methods We performed a prospective study of 2,903 male HBV surface antigen–positive government employees who were free of cancer at enrollment between 1989 and 1992. Main outcome measures included ultrasonography, biochemical tests, incident hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and liver-related death. Results During mean follow-up of 14.7 years, 134 developed HCC and 92 died as a result of liver-related causes. In Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for age, number of visits, diabetes, and use of alcohol and tobacco, the hazard ratios for incident HCC were 1.48 (95% CI, 1.04 to 2.12) in overweight men (BMI between 25.0 and 29.9 kg/m2) and 1.96 (95% CI, 0.72 to 5.38) in obese men (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2), compared with normal-weight men (BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m2). Liver-related mortality had adjusted hazard ratios of 1.74 (95% CI, 1.15 to 2.65) in overweight men and 1.50 (95% CI, 0.36 to 6.19) in obese men. Excess BMI was also associated with the occurrence of fatty liver and cirrhosis detected by ultrasonography, as well as elevated ALT and γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity during follow-up. The association of BMI with GGT was stronger than with ALT, and elevated GGT activity and cirrhosis were the strongest predictors for incident HCC and liver-related death. Conclusion This longitudinal cohort study indicates that excess body weight is involved in the transition from healthy HBV carrier state to HCC and liver-related death among men.

Large Body Mass Index does not Predict Short-Term Survival in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabeel Aslam ◽  
Judith Bernardini ◽  
Linda Fried ◽  
Beth Piraino
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Technique Survival ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk

♦ Objective Higher than normal body mass index (BMI) is associated with an increased risk of death in the general population. We examined the effect of higher than normal BMI on patient and technique survival in peritoneal dialysis patients (PD), controlling for comorbidity, initial albumin, dialysate-to-plasma ratio of creatinine (D/PCr), and initial urea clearance (Kt/V). ♦ Design Registry database. ♦ Settings Four dialysis centers. ♦ Patients Incident PD patients. ♦ Methods All data were collected prospectively. Demographics, BMI, serum albumin, D/PCr, and comorbidity using the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) were determined at the start of PD. 104 patients with a high BMI (> 27) were matched to a control group of 104 patients with normal BMI (20 – 27) for age, gender, presence of diabetes, and CCI. Patient and technique survival were compared using Cox proportional hazards model. ♦ Main Outcome Measures Patient and technique survival. ♦ Results The groups were of similar age (56.1 vs 56.7 years), sex (60% males in both groups), race (Caucasian 80% vs 86%), presence of diabetes (40% vs 37%), CCI score (5.4 in both groups), initial albumin (3.6 vs 3.5 g/dL), and D/PCr (0.65 in both groups). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed similar 2-year patient survival between large BMI (> 27) and control (20 – 27) groups (76.6% vs 76.1%). Two-year technique survival was also similar between the two groups (59.7% vs 66.8%). With Cox proportional hazards analysis, BMI was not a predictor of patient mortality or technique survival when controlling for initial albumin, D/PCr, and initial Kt/V. ♦ Conclusions We conclude that a BMI above normal is not associated with any increased or decreased risk of death in patients on PD for 2 years.

Effects of Initial Body Mass Index and Weight Change on All-Cause Mortality: A 10-Year Cohort Study in Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Park ◽  
Sunmi Pi ◽  
Jinseub Hwang ◽  
Jae-Heon Kang ◽  
Jin-Won Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Baseline Body Mass Index ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Baseline Bmi

We evaluated the effects of baseline body mass index (BMI) and its changes over 4 years on all-cause mortality in Korean population. We analyzed 351 735 participants whose BMI was measured in both 2002/2003 and 2006/2007. Mortality was assessed until 2013. Multivariate hazard ratios for all-cause mortality were estimated. Underweight and severe obesity with BMI >30 kg/m2 were significantly associated with higher mortality. Similarly, >5% decrease or >10% increase of BMI for 4 years was associated with the increased risk of death. Comparing the results between baseline BMI and BMI change, the BMI change showed more stable associations with mortality than the baseline BMI in subgroup analysis such as nonsmokers and healthy participants. This study suggests that BMI change could be a useful health indicator along with obesity level by BMI. In addition, maintaining a healthy weight is needed for longevity, but rapid weight change should be carefully monitored.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document