scholarly journals Diverging temperature responses of CO2 assimilation and plant development explain the overall effect of temperature on biomass accumulation in wheat leaves and grains

AoB Plants ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. plw092
Author(s):  
Nicholas C. Collins ◽  
Boris Parent
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Wheat Leaves ◽  
Temperature Responses

scholarly journals The Effect of Temperature on Plant Growth in Four Gerbera hybrida Cultivars

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 1164-1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Li ◽  
Shenchong Li ◽  
Qinli Shan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Temperature Adaptation ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Gerbera Hybrida ◽  
Optimum Growth Temperature ◽  
Vast Variation ◽  
Temperature Responses

Temperature is one of the main factors that affects the growth pattern of Gerbera hybrida, which shows vast variation in morphology and stress adaptation among cultivars. However, little is known about temperature responses of plant growth among different cultivars. In this study, four cultivars were planted in different growth temperatures to investigate the effect of temperature on plant growth of Gerbera hybrida during their vegetative growth. Results showed that the optimum growth temperature of the four cultivars was 20 °C, of which plant height, root length, biomass accumulation, leaf area, and photosynthetic rate were enhanced significantly. Different cultivars showed diverse temperature adaptation ranges, which were related with their genetic background, and the temperature adaptability of cultivar Autumn was the best among the four cultivars. Temperature also had significant effects on photosynthetic rate, which was the main factor shaping plant growth. Our research provides the basic guidance for the growth temperature control in the cultivation of Gerbera hybrida.

Repetitive light pulse-induced photoinhibition of photosystem I severely affects CO2 assimilation and photoprotection in wheat leaves

2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 449-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Zivcak ◽  
Marian Brestic ◽  
Kristyna Kunderlikova ◽  
Oksana Sytar ◽  
Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev
Keyword(s):  
Photosystem I ◽  
Light Pulse ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Wheat Leaves

THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON MEIOSIS AND POLLEN DEVELOPMENT IN WHEAT AND RYE

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 615-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Bennett ◽  
J. B. Smith ◽  
R. Kemble
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Pollen Development ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Maturation Time ◽  
Pollen Maturation ◽  
Cereal Breeding ◽  
Chinese Spring Wheat ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Temperature Responses

The durations of meiosis and pollen development were estimated in Petkus Spring rye and Chinese Spring wheat grown at 15, 20 and 25 °C. Over the range 15-25 °C, meiotic duration and pollen maturation time decreased with increasing temperature and the ratio between the durations of these stages at 25 °C and at 15 °C (Q10) indicated that the temperature responses of meiotic and pollen development were similar in both species. Both within and between species meiosis and pollen maturation had constant relative durations at each temperature. The effect of low temperature on the duration of meiosis and pollen development was similar in Holdfast, an extreme type of winter wheat, as in Chinese Spring. The relevance of these results to hybrid cereal breeding are mentioned. In plants grown at 25 °C, abnormal meiotic and pollen development resulting in male sterility was seen in some anthers. The cause of male sterility appeared to be thickening of tapetal cell walls concurrent with abnormal late meiotic development in PMC's.

The use of fungicide Nova to mitigate infection of Sphagnum by parasitic fungi in the greenhouse

Botany ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. 655-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Landry ◽  
C. Martinez ◽  
L. Rochefort
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Sphagnum Mosses ◽  
Parasitic Fungi ◽  
Petri Dishes

A common problem when growing Sphagnum mosses in the greenhouse is the propagation of parasitic fungi. Since no clear procedure is available to correct the situation, the aim of this experiment is to give scientists and growers a tool to control fungi invasions in the greenhouse. First, eight fungicides and the effect of temperature were tested on Petri dishes inoculated with two fungi commonly found in Sphagnum: Lyophyllum palustre (Peck) Singer and Chaetomium sp. To assess Sphagnum tolerance to fungicides, the four most efficient treatments were tested on healthy Sphagnum carpet, at maximum and minimum concentrations. Finally, the most promising fungicide, Nova (myclobutanil), was tested on Sphagnum carpets infected by L. palustre and Chaetomium sp. Since the concentration of this fungicide had no effect on biomass accumulation, the maximum concentration (0.54 g/L) was tested. Because of the high absorbency of Sphagnum, Nova was applied at the recommended dose (1 L/10 m2) and at three times the recommended dose (3 L/10 m2). An evaluation of infected Sphagnum individuals was carried out after a frequency of two and three applications. The recommendation for controlling the invasion of Sphagnum by L. palustre and Chaetomium sp. in the greenhouse is the application of Nova fungicide at three times the recommended dose. The frequency of applications had no significant effect.

scholarly journals Climate, nitrogen and grass. 7. Comparison of production and chemical composition of Brachiaria ruziziensis and Setaria sphacelata grown at different temperatures.

1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Deinum ◽  
J.G.P. Dirven
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Brachiaria Ruziziensis ◽  
Setaria Sphacelata ◽  
Lower Protein ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Negative Effect

7. In order to test the validity of previous results, a trial was performed in greenhouses on the effect of temperature, age and N level on production, morphological and chemical composition of Brachiaria ruziziensis Germain & Evrard and Setaria sphacelata (Schum) Stapf & Hubbard. The 2 grasses were equally productive, but Setaria had a lower optimum temperature. Brachiaria was leafier than Setaria and had higher contents of nitrate and protein; it was also more digestible. It had higher contents of cations, inorganic anions and organic acids, but its oxalate content was lower both in leaves and in stems. Leaves of Brachiaria were much richer in nitrate than those of Setaria at the same protein content. At a greater age, both grasses had higher yields that originated from a greater number of heavier tillers. Plants were less leafy; nitrate and protein contents, and digestibility of organic matter were lower, but percentage of cell-wall constituents was higher. Increase of temperature stimulated plant development in both grasses, causing lower protein content and lower digestibility of organic matter in leaves and stems. Temperature also had a direct negative effect on stem digestibility apart from its effect on stem development. N application increased production, nitrate and protein content in both grasses, but had hardly any effect on plant development and digestibility. Consequently, Setaria reacted to environmental conditions like the other tropical grasses studied in this and previous trials, so confirming the conclusions. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Drought stress in plants: An overview on implications, tolerance mechanisms and agronomic mitigation strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadam Hussain ◽  
Saddam Hussain ◽  
Tauqeer Qadir ◽  
Abdul Khaliq ◽  
Umair Ashraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cell Membrane Stability ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Final Yield ◽  
Effects Of Drought

Drought is considered as one of the major limiting factors affecting growth and productivity of crop plants. It severely affects the morphological and physiological activities of the plants and hampers the seed germination, root proliferation, biomass accumulation and final yield of field crops. Drought stress disrupts the biosynthesis of chlorophyll contents, carotene and decreases photosynthesis in plants. It gradually reduces CO2 assimilation rates owing to decrease in stomatal conductance. In addition, drought affects cell membrane stability and disrupts water relations of a plant by reducing water use efficiency. To cope with these situations, plants adopt different mechanisms such as drought tolerance, avoidance and escape. In this review, we discussed about the effects of drought on morphological and physiological characteristics of plants and suggested the different agronomic practices to overcome the deleterious effects of drought stress.

scholarly journals Determination of Basal Temperature and Its Relationship With Jatropha Crop in Irrigated and Non-irrigated System

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Diogo H. M. Moraes ◽  
Derblai Casaroli ◽  
Adão W. P. Evangelista ◽  
José Alves Júnior ◽  
Rafael Battisti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Crop Development ◽  
Thermal Sum ◽  
Two Phases

Full plant growth and development require, among others, air temperatures and water availability at levels appropriate to each crop. The effect of temperature on plant development can be represented by the thermal sum, which requires the lower basal temperature for each plant species. However, plant responses may be different when associated with different soil water contents. This work determined the lower and upper basal temperature of Jatropha curcas L. and verified the relationship between thermal sum and crop development under different water regimes, in the climatic conditions of Goiânia, GO, Brazil. We evaluated twenty-four plants cultivated at the planting density of 2,222.2 plants ha-1. Of these, twelve plants were irrigated from October 2010 to October 2012, whereas the other twelve remained unirrigated. Basal temperatures were estimated by four different methods described in the literature, in two phases of observation, maturity and total cycle. From the results, regression analysis was performed. The lower basal temperature was 4.9 and 7.2 °C, and upper basal temperature was 38.8 and 36.8 °C, respectively, for the maturity and total cycle stages. The accumulated thermal sum for the complete plant development of jatropha was 10,314.55 DD (±1574.73) for the non-irrigated treatment, and 9,260.67 DD (±735.06) for the irrigated treatment. The results of plant development showed good coefficient of determination in relation to the accumulated thermal sum.

scholarly journals Oxidation of P700 Induces Alternative Electron Flow in Photosystem I in Wheat Leaves

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanae Kadota ◽  
Riu Furutani ◽  
Amane Makino ◽  
Yuji Suzuki ◽  
Shinya Wada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Photosystem I ◽  
Electron Flux ◽  
Electron Flow ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Positive Linear Relationship ◽  
Wheat Leaves

Oxygen (O2)-evolving photosynthetic organisms oxidize the reaction center chlorophyll, P700, in photosystem I (PSI) to suppress the production of reactive oxygen species. The oxidation of P700 is accompanied by alternative electron flow in PSI (AEF-I), which is not required for photosynthetic linear electron flow (LEF). To characterize AEF-I, we compared the redox reactions of P700 and ferredoxin (Fd) during the induction of carbon dioxide (CO2) assimilation in wheat leaves, using dark-interval relaxation kinetics analysis. Switching on an actinic light (1000 μmol photons m−2 s−1) at ambient CO2 partial pressure of 40 Pa and ambient O2 partial pressure of 21 kPa gradually oxidized P700 (P700+) and enhanced the reduction rate of P700+ (vP700) and oxidation rate of reduced Fd (vFd). The vFd showed a positive linear relationship with an apparent photosynthetic quantum yield of PSII (Y[II]) originating at point zero; the redox turnover of Fd is regulated by LEF via CO2 assimilation and photorespiration. The vP700 also showed a positive linear relationship with Y(II), but the intercept was positive, not zero. That is, the electron flux in PSI included the electron flux in AEF-I in addition to that in LEF. This indicates that the oxidation of P700 induces AEF-I. We propose a possible mechanism underlying AEF-I and its physiological role in the mitigation of oxidative damage.

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