scholarly journals Beliefs About Plant-Based Diet in Inner City CKD and Family Medicine Patients and Relationship to Dietary Patterns

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 516-516
Author(s):  
Kingsley Cruickshank ◽  
Ahmad Saleh ◽  
Takisha Morancy ◽  
Iqra Nadeem ◽  
Elizabeth Kasparov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Medicine ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Diet Analysis ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes

Abstract Objectives We compared beliefs about plant-based eating and dietary intake in patients attending inner-City CKD and Family Medicine (FM) clinics. Methods A face-to-face survey was conducted in a random convenience sample of pts in CKD (23) and FM clinics (22). Patients were asked to answer 5 multiple choice questions assessing their beliefs regarding difficulty in finding plant-based foods in restaurants, affordability, ability to get proteins and vitamins, and ability to find good tasting recipes. A mean score was calculated. Lower score indicates more difficulty (PBE-score). Diet analysis was based on 24hr recall and analyzed using ASA-24 software. Comparisons are by t-test unless noted. Results Mean age was 54.3 ± 2.5 yrs. There were 16 (35.6%) males and 22 (62.2%) females with 40 black (89%). 36 (80%) had not completed college. 23 (51%) had an income < $20 K. 16 (35%) were employed. 20 (44%) had diabetes. 22 (49%) received SNAP benefits. Mean BMI was 30.4 ± 1.6 with 41% > 30. There were no differences between clinics. CKD pts had higher creatinine (2.01 ± 0.39 vs 0.85 ± 0.05) and lower albumin (3.92 ± 0.12 vs 4.32 ± 0.09, P = 0.012). CKD pts had more positive attitude towards plant-based eating (PBE-score 2.57 ± 0.1 vs 2.21 ± 0.13, P < 0.05), and ate more cholesterol (411.6 ± 65.2 vs 248.7 ± 30.3, P = 0.031), fatty seafood (1.41 ± 0.54 vs 0.17 ± 0.1, P = 0.034) and eggs (1.05 ± 0.27 vs 0.42 ± 0.16, P = 0.048) and drank more fluid (2499.0 ± 335.6 vs 1367.9 ± 167.1, P = 0.005) than FM pts. Protein, carbohydrate intake and total calories were similar and fruit and vegetable intake was low (1.33 ± 0.3 and 1.34 ± 0.19 respectively). PBE-score did not correlate with dietary intake and serum cholesterol did not differ (184.3 ± 9.4 vs 170.2 ± 8.0, P = NS). Conclusions In our population: 1. Pts with CKD had a more positive attitude towards plant-based eating and were more likely to believe they could eat more plant-based. 2. CKD pts ate more cholesterol with higher intake of eggs and fatty seafood, and drank more fluid. 3.Vegetable intake was poor and there was no difference between the groups. 4. The positive attitude of CKD pts towards plant-based eating and our indigent population as a whole suggests that education could be successful and should be explored further as our population as a whole has a high prevalence of CKD, obesity and diabetes. Funding Sources None.

scholarly journals Attitudes Towards Plant-Based Eating and Self Reported Vegetable Intake in Inner-City Kidney Patients: Relationship to BMI and Blood Pressure

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 559-559
Author(s):  
Ahmad Saleh ◽  
Kingsley Cruickshank ◽  
Takisha Morancy ◽  
Giaynel Cordero ◽  
Nicholas Baglieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Dialysis Unit ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Funding Sources

Abstract Objectives A Plant-Based Eating (PBE) dietary pattern is reportedly beneficial for pts with kidney disease but attitudes of CKD/ESKD patients regarding plant-based eating and dietary habits have been rarely reported. Methods A face-to-face survey was conducted in a random convenience sample of people attending CKD clinic (15), Transplant clinic (12), and the Dialysis Unit (4). Pts were given multiple choice questions assessing their attitudes and understanding of plant-based eating and asked to estimate daily vegetable intake. No difference was noted among clinics so data were analyzed together. Comparisons are by t-test unless noted. Results Mean age was 54.7 ± 1.7 yrs with 16 (53%) men, 25 (80%)Black, 12 (40%) had an income < $20 K, with 10 (33%) between $20 K and 40 K. 10 (33%) were employed. 64.5% (20) were interested in learning more about PBE; 35% had never heard of PBE. 22(71%) reported that they consume animal protein 1–3x daily or more. 20 (57%) reported that they consume plant-based protein less than once a day or never. Pts who did not eat vegetables regularly had a higher BMI than those who ate plants more frequently (30.9 ± 1.86 vs 26.3 ± 0.96, P < 0.05), and higher systolic and diastolic BP (144.3 ± 5.9 vs 126 ± 5.2, P < 0.05 and 77.9 ± 3.5 vs 66.3 ± 4.1, P = 0.019) and were less likely to take herbal or non-vitamin supplements (1% vs 54%, P = 0.007 by Chi square). As regards beliefs about PBE, 46.4% believe it would be difficult to find things to eat at restaurants, 51.7% thought it would be difficult to buy food or groceries on a budget, 46.4% thought they could not get all the protein they need from plant-based foods without eating animal meat or products and 40.7% thought it would be hard to get all the vitamins and nutrients and 63.1% thought it would be easy to find recipes that taste good. Conclusions In our population: 1. The majority of pts were interested in learning about PBE and had heard of it. 2. The majority ate few to no vegetables on a daily basis. 3. Possible obstacles to introducing PBE are common misconceptions including difficulty of affording food, getting enough protein and finding something to eat when eating out. 4. Intensive educational programs targeted towards our population should be developed as pts who ate more vegetables had lower BMI and both systolic and diastolic blood pressure and in general PBE has been shown to be beneficial for pts with CKD/ESKD. Funding Sources None.

scholarly journals Plant Based Eating (PBE) in Inner-City Family Medicine (FM) and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Patients Is Related to Knowledge and Locus of Control

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 185-185
Author(s):  
Lora Stoianova ◽  
Monica Saw-Aung ◽  
Gabriel Estevez-Inoa ◽  
Mariana Markell
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Diet Analysis ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Objectives Understanding the obstacles to adoption of PBE by inner-city patients is essential to provide effective nutrition counseling for management of chronic health conditions that may be improved by this dietary pattern. Methods A telephone survey was conducted in a random convenience sample of patients from FM (18) and CKD (13) clinics. Questionnaires regarding familiarity with PBE and the Multidimensional Health Locus Questionnaire (MHLC) were administered. Diet analysis was performed by 24-hr dietary recall using ASA24 software. Entries reporting <800 kcal were excluded as possibly incomplete. An PBE index (PB-I) was calculated by averaging the difference in grams cholesterol (only in animal products) and grams fiber (only in plant sources) over total kcal. Results Mean age was 63.13 ± 10.4 yrs. 10 were male (32%) and 21 female (68%). 22 were Black (71%), 3 Hispanic (10%), 1 white (3%), 4 other (17%). There was no difference between FM and CKD for nutrition parameters, including kcal (mean 1433.8 ± 444.7), protein (52.9 ± 22.8 g), fat (52.9 ± 22.8 g), and carbohydrates (173.5 ± 64.8 g). There was no significant difference in PB-I between FM and CKD. For both groups, lower PB-I was correlated with lack of information on PBD (r = −0.58, P = 0.002, n = 27). Higher PB-I was correlated with higher score for “Belief In Powerful Others” (r = 0.47, P = 0.14, n = 25) and “Reliance on Doctors” (r = 0.45, P = 0.02, n = 25). For FM, lower PB-I correlated with lack of information (r = −0.54, P = 0.05, n = 14) and someone else preparing their food (r = −0.65, P = 0.01, n = 14). Higher PB-I correlated with higher score for “Powerful Others” (r = 0.06, P = 0.02, n = 13), “Doctors” (r = 0.62, P = 0.02, n = 13), and “Internal” categories (r = 0.66, P = 0.01, n = 13). For CKD, lower PB-I also correlated with lack of information (r = 0.62, P = 0.02, n = 13) but did not correlate with MHLC responses. Conclusions In our population: 1. Pts with a lower PBE-I reported knowing less about PBE and had a lower external locus of control 2. FM patients who had a greater internal locus of control and relied more on doctors had a higher PBE-I and were less likely for to rely on someone else to prepare their food. 3. Understanding the patient's locus of control and improving education about PBE will be important in removing obstacles to adoption in our underserved inner-City population with a high prevalence of CKD and other chronic conditions. Funding Sources None.

scholarly journals Fruit and Vegetable Intake Among Children by Level of Variety, What We Eat in America, NHANES 2013–2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 206-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Katherine Hoy ◽  
John Clemens ◽  
Carrie Martin ◽  
Alanna Moshfegh
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Percentage Contribution ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Very Young Children ◽  
Food Patterns ◽  
Side Dishes

Abstract Objectives To describe and compare fruit and vegetable intake by level of variety among children in What We Eat in America (WWEIA), NHANES. Methods One-day dietary intake data of children 2–19 years (N = 5920) in WWEIA, NHANES 2013–2016 were used. Fruit and vegetable (FV) variety was the count of foods consumed that contributed to total FV intake. To be counted, at least 0.1 cup equivalent (CE) FV of each single FV item and 0.2 CE FV from a mixed dish had to have been consumed. Each FV was counted only once; a mixed dish counted as one. The Food Patterns Equivalents Database was used to determine the CE of FV intake. Individuals were classified for variety of intake as High (H) (5 + items); Moderate (M) (3–4 items); Low (L) (1–2 items). Percentage contribution of WWEIA Food Categories to FV intake was estimated. Differences in FV intakes between variety levels were compared by t-test. Those with a count of ‘0’ (N = 466) were excluded. Results Percentage of children in each variety level was: H: 15, M: 33; L: 44; none: 8%. Mean FV intakes (CE/1000 kcal) by variety level were H: 1.9; M: 1.4; L: 0.8 (P < 0.001). Distributions of 2–5y, 6–11y and 12–19y, respectively among variety levels were: H: 18, 16, 13%; M: 40, 32, 30%; L: 37, 44, 48%; none: 6, 8, 9%. For H, M, and L levels, respectively, fruit variety counts were 2.5, 1.5, and 0.5, and vegetable variety counts were 3.5, 2, and 1 (P < 0.001). Among all 2–19y, single FV items (excl 100% juice) contributed 64% to FV intake of the H vs M (55%) and L (50%), whereas Mixed Dishes contributed 12% to intake of H vs M (15%) and L (21%). The percentages of H, M and L groups reporting intake from WWEIA Food Categories were 89, 65 and 40 for Vegetables; 86, 65, and 35 for Fruit; and 79, 79, and 77 for Mixed Dishes. Conclusions FV variety was highest for very young children and lowest among adolescents. Children with more variety of FV intake were more likely to include single FV and in higher amounts than those with less FV variety. These results support suggestions for boosting FV intake of children by encouraging their consumption at snacks and including vegetable side dishes at meals. Funding Sources ARS-USDA.

scholarly journals Contribution of What We Eat in America Food Categories to Fruit and Vegetable Intake by Level of Variety, What We Eat in America, NHANES 2013–2016 (P18-113-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Katherine Hoy ◽  
John Clemens ◽  
Carrie Martin ◽  
Alanna Moshfegh
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
T Test ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Food Patterns ◽  
Beneficial Impact ◽  
Side Dishes

Abstract Objectives To compare contribution of What We Eat in America (WWEIA) Food Categories to fruit and vegetable (FV) intake by level of FV variety. Methods One-day dietary intake data of adults 20+ years (N = 10,064) in WWEIA, NHANES 2013–2016 were used. Fruit and vegetable (FV) variety was the count of foods consumed that contributed to total FV intake. To be counted, at least 0.1 cup equivalent (CE) FV of each single FV item and 0.2 CE FV from a mixed dish had to have been consumed. Each FV was counted only once; a mixed dish counted as one. The Food Patterns Equivalents Database was used to determine the CE of FV intake. Individuals were classified for variety of intake as High (H) (5 + items) N = 2316; Moderate (M) (3–4), N = 3423; Low (L) (1–2), N = 3746. Differences in % contribution of WWEIA Food Categories to FV intake between each level of variety were compared by t-test. Those with a count of ‘0’ (N = 579) were excluded. Results Mean CE FV intakes for each group were H: 4.4; M: 2.6; L: 1.4 (P < 0.001). Whole FV contributed 67% to FV intake of the H vs M (58%) and L (53%) (P < 0.001), whereas Mixed Dishes contributed 12% to intake of H vs M (17%) and L (27%) groups, (P < 0.001). Savory snacks accounted for 3% of H vs 5% of L and M (P < 0.001). Proportions of FV intake from other foods included: 100% juice (∼9%), Condiments (∼4%) or Sweets (∼1%). The contribution of Vegetables excluding potatoes to intakes of H, M and L groups, respectively, was 32%, 24% and 19%, (P < 0.001); contribution of White potatoes for H vs M and L was 7% vs 12% and 15%, (P < 0.001). Whole fruit accounted for 28% of intake by H vs M (22%) and L (19%), (P < 0.001). FV intake from the Food Categories of the H, M and L levels respectively were 1.4, 0.6 and 0.03 CE of Vegetables excluding potatoes; 1.2, 0.6, and 0.3 CE of Fruit; and 0.5, 0.4, and 0.4 CE from Mixed Dishes. The percentages from H, M and L groups reporting intake from Food Categories were 89, 64 and 34 for Vegetables excluding potatoes; 75, 49, and 22 for Fruit; and 72, 71, and 72 for Mixed Dishes. Conclusions Those with more variety of FV intake include whole FV in their diet more frequently and in higher amounts. These results illustrate the beneficial impact on FV intake of including a variety of FV items each day, and support suggestions for boosting intake by choosing FV at snacks, adding FV to mixed dishes and including vegetable side dishes at meals. Funding Sources ARS-USDA.

scholarly journals Awareness and outcomes of the fruits and veggies (FNV) campaign to promote fruit and vegetable consumption among targeted audiences in California and Virginia: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tessa R. Englund ◽  
Valisa E. Hedrick ◽  
Sofía Rincón-Gallardo Patiño ◽  
Lauren E. Kennedy ◽  
Kathryn W. Hosig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Behavioral Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Brand Awareness ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample

Abstract Background In 2015, the Partnership for a Healthier America launched the branded Fruits & Veggies (FNV) Campaign to apply a unique industry-inspired marketing approach to promote fruit and vegetable sales and intake to moms and teens in two US pilot markets: Fresno, California and Hampton Roads, Virginia. The aims of this cross-sectional study were to: 1) assess brand awareness and fruit- and vegetable-related outcomes among FNV Campaign target audiences in the California and Virginia market locations; and 2) examine whether reported awareness of the FNV Campaign was associated with differences in fruit- and vegetable-related cognitive and behavioral outcomes. Methods Data for this cross-sectional study were collected using an online survey administered to a non-probability convenience sample (n = 1604; February–July 2017) of youth aged 14–20 years (n = 744) and moms aged 21–36 years (n = 860) in the two pilot markets. Descriptive statistics were computed and outcomes compared between unaware and aware respondents, controlling for sociodemographic covariates. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was conducted to assess whether fruit- and vegetable-related attitude, belief, and encouragement outcomes differed by FNV Campaign awareness; logistic regression was used to examine associations between FNV brand awareness and dichotomous variables (fruit- and vegetable-related behavioral intentions, trying new fruits and vegetables); and ANCOVA was used to assess associations with daily fruit and vegetable intake frequency. Results Approximately 20% (n = 315/1604) of respondents reported awareness of the FNV Campaign. Youth that reported awareness of the FNV Campaign (n = 167, 22.4%) had higher intentions to buy (p = 0.003) and eat (p = 0.009) fruits and vegetables than unaware respondents. Mothers that reported awareness of the FNV Campaign (n = 148, 17.2%) reported greater encouragement for friends and family to eat fruits and vegetables (p = 0.013) and were approximately 1.5 times more likely to report trying a new fruit or vegetable (p = 0.04) than mothers unaware of the Campaign. Daily fruit and vegetable intake frequency did not differ by Campaign awareness. Conclusions FNV Campaign awareness was associated with limited but positive short- and intermediate-term cognitive and behavioral outcomes among target audience respondents. These findings can inform future research to enhance understanding and improve the FNV Campaign as it is expanded to new markets nationwide.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Difference between Virtual and Paper-Based Clinical Cases in Family Medicine Undergraduate Education

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zalika Klemenc-Ketis ◽  
Branka Cagran ◽  
Dejan Dinevski
Keyword(s):  
Family Medicine ◽  
Virtual Patient ◽  
Educational Outcome ◽  
Factual Knowledge ◽  
Virtual Patients ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Clinical Cases

Introduction. A “virtual patient” is defined as a computer program which simulates real patients’ cases. The aim of this study was to determine whether the inclusion of virtual patients affects the level of factual knowledge of family medicine students at the undergraduate level. Methods. This was a case-controlled prospective study. The students were randomly divided into experimental (EG: N=51) and control (CG: N=48) groups. The students in the EG were asked to practice diagnosis using virtual patients instead of the paper-based clinical cases which were solved by the students in the CG. The main observed variable in the study was knowledge of family medicine, determined by 50 multiple choice questions (MCQs) about knowledge of family medicine. Results. There were no statistically significant differences in the groups’ initial knowledge. At the final assessment of knowledge, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups, but there was a statistically significant difference between their initial and final knowledge. Conclusions. The study showed that adding virtual patient cases to the curriculum, instead of paper clinical cases, did not affect the level of factual knowledge about family medicine. Virtual patients can be used, but a significant educational outcome is not expected.

Undergraduate performance assessment

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Umayya Musharrafieh ◽  
Khalil Ashkar ◽  
Dima Dandashi ◽  
Maya Romani ◽  
Rana Houry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Faculty Evaluation ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Final Exam ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Medicine Clerkship ◽  
Clinical Evaluations

Introduction: Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is considered a useful method of assessing clinical skills besides Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) and clinical evaluations. Aim: To explore the acceptance of medical students to this assessment tool in medical education and to determine whether the assessment results of MCQs and faculty clinical evaluations agree with the respective OSCE scores of 4th year medical students (Med IV). Methods: performance of a total of 223 Med IV students distributed on academic years 2006-2007, 2007-2008, and 2008-2009 in OSCE, MCQs and faculty evaluations were compared. Out of the total 93 students were asked randomly to fill a questionnaire about their attitudes and acceptance of this tool. The OSCE was conducted every two months for two different groups of medical students who had completed their family medicine rotation, while faculty evaluation based on observation by assessors was submitted on a monthly basis upon the completion of the rotation. The final exam for the family medicine clerkship was performed at the end of the 4thacademic year, and it consisted of MCQsResults: Students highly commended the OSCE as a tool of evaluation by faculty members as it provides a true measure of required clinical skills and communication skills compared to MCQs and faculty evaluation. The study showed a significant positive correlation between the OSCE scores and the clinical evaluation scores while there was no association between the OSCE score and the final exam scores.Conclusion: Student showed high appreciation and acceptance of this type of clinical skills testing. Despite the fact that OSCEs make them more stressed than other modalities of assessment, it remained the preferred one.

scholarly journals Clinical Evaluation of Three Carotenoid Containing Supplements Using Fingertip Reflection Spectroscopy Measurements (P02-009-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawna Salter-Venzon ◽  
Kevin Gellenbeck ◽  
Chun Hu
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Reflection Spectroscopy ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Open Label Study ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Supplement Group ◽  
Supplement Usage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Carotene Beta

Abstract Objectives Recent technology improvements have allowed measurement of carotenoid pigments utilizing simple reflection spectroscopy fingertip measurements (Veggie Meter®) (1). We used this technique to measure the effect of ingestion of three different dietary supplements containing carotenoids of different types and potencies: Vision Health with Lutein, Multi Carotene (beta carotene, alpha carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin), or Concentrated Fruits & Vegetables (lutein, lycopene) (2). Methods In an open label study, a total of 24 volunteers (8 for each of the study products) consumed the supplements daily according to label recommendations. Veggie Meter® measurements were taken on Day 0 and Weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12. Supplements were consumed for the first 6 weeks and then were discontinued for the following 6 weeks. Questionnaires were used at baseline, 6 and 12 weeks to obtain a brief history of supplement usage and fruit/vegetable intake. Results In most subjects, the veggie meter measurement increased from baseline after 6 weeks of supplementation, which then returned towards the baseline in the six weeks after supplementation was stopped. Responses from the three supplements varied in magnitude based on dosage and carotenoid type. There was also noticeable variation in individual responses within each supplement group. Conclusions Reflection spectroscopy fingertip measurements provided data supporting the notion that carotenoids deposit in the skin in response to supplementation with carotenoid containing supplements. This may suggest this method is a useful to monitor carotenoid status and indicate when diet modifications would be beneficial to individuals. Funding Sources Funding for the study was provided by Access Business Group/Amway.

scholarly journals Impact of a nutrition award scheme on the food and nutrient intakes of 2- to 4-year-olds attending long day care

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 2634-2642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucinda K Bell ◽  
Gilly A Hendrie ◽  
Jo Hartley ◽  
Rebecca K Golley
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Critical Time ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Award Scheme

AbstractObjectiveEarly childhood settings are promising avenues to intervene to improve children’s nutrition. Previous research has shown that a nutrition award scheme, Start Right – Eat Right (SRER), improves long day care centre policies, menus and eating environments. Whether this translates into improvements in children’s dietary intake is unknown. The present study aimed to determine whether SRER improves children’s food and nutrient intakes.DesignPre–post cohort study.SettingTwenty long day care centres in metropolitan Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.SubjectsChildren aged 2–4 years (n 236 at baseline, n 232 at follow-up).MethodsDietary intake (morning tea, lunch, afternoon tea) was assessed pre- and post-SRER implementation using the plate wastage method. Centre nutrition policies, menus and environments were evaluated as measures of intervention fidelity. Comparisons between baseline and follow-up were made using t tests.ResultsAt follow-up, 80 % of centres were fully compliant with the SRER award criteria, indicating high scheme implementation and adoption. Intake increased for all core food groups (range: 0·2–0·4 servings/d, P<0·001) except for vegetable intake. Energy intake increased and improvements in intakes of eleven out of the nineteen nutrients evaluated were observed.ConclusionsSRER is effective in improving children’s food and nutrient intakes at a critical time point when dietary habits and preferences are established and can inform future public health nutrition interventions in this setting.

scholarly journals High Prevalence of Vitamin D Inadequacy During Late Postpartum in Canadian Mothers

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 790-790
Author(s):  
Sarah Montgomery ◽  
Angella Lee ◽  
Nasime Sarbar ◽  
Deborah Zibrik ◽  
Yvonne Lamers
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Vitamin D Intake ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
Dietary Vitamin D

Abstract Objectives To assess maternal dietary intake and adequacy at postpartum and to determine whether lifestyle characteristics and breastfeeding status are related to nutrient intakes. Methods We analyzed cross-sectional data from a convenience sample of 129 mothers at 18-mo postpartum, whose families were enrolled into a randomized toddler intervention trial, in the Lower Mainland, British Columbia, Canada. The Canadian Diet History Questionnaire II (C-DHQ II) was used to estimate usual dietary intake in the mothers during the preceding 12 months (i.e., between 6- to 18-mo postpartum). Implausible energy intakes were defined as &lt;600 kcal/day or &gt;3500 kcals/day, and excluded from analysis. Demographic and lifestyle characteristic data about the pregnancy and postpartum time period were collected using a questionnaire. Results Maternal mean (SD) age at birth was 33.5 (4.0) years and most women were of European (46%) or Asian (38%) ethnicity, and had Bachelor's degree or higher education (70%). About 75%, 88%, and 89% did not meet their dietary requirements (i.e., intake below the EAR) for fiber, potassium, and vitamin D intakes, from food only, respectively. Considering total dietary intake from food and supplements, the prevalence of dietary vitamin D inadequacy was 25%. Women of European ethnicity had higher vitamin D intake (median (IQR) in mg/1000kcal/day: 19.5 (7.26,101)) compared to Asian women (10.8 (3.87, 21.1); P &lt; 0.05). Dietary vitamin D intake was higher in breastfeeding (i.e., providing breastmilk as primary milk source, i.e., ³2 times/day, to their 18-mo old toddlers) compared to non- or occasionally breastfeeding mothers (20.0 (10.5, 61.1) versus 14.9 (4.28, 26.7) mg/1000kcal/day; P &lt; 0.05). Conclusions While most Canadian mothers in this sample met the EARs for most nutrients, the prevalence of dietary inadequacy was very high for vitamin D, potassium, and fiber. Some population groups may be especially at risk of developing nutrient deficiencies in this period of life characterized by postpartum recovery and transition; targeted public health strategies may be needed to address these deficiencies. Funding Sources This study is supported by The University of British Columbia, and the British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Canada, and is funded by Société des Produits Nestlé S.A.

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